Sleep diary

A sleep diary is a record of an individual's sleeping and waking times with related information, usually over a period of several weeks. It is self-reported or can be recorded by a caregiver.

The sleep diary, or sleep log, is a tool used by doctors and patients.^[1]^[2]^[3] It is a useful resource in the diagnosis and treatment of especially circadian rhythm sleep disorders, and in monitoring whether treatment of those and other sleep disorders is successful.

Sleep diaries may be used in conjunction with actigraphy.

In addition to being a useful tool for medical professionals in the diagnosis of sleep problems, a sleep diary can help make individuals more aware of the parameters affecting their sleep. This data alone can help people self-diagnose what helps them get a good sleep.

Components

The information contained in a sleep diary includes some or all of the following points:

The time the person had wanted or intended to wake up
The time the person woke up
Whether the person woke up spontaneously, by an alarm clock, or because of another (specified) disturbance
The time the person got out of bed
A few words about how the person felt during the day (mood, drowsiness, etc.), often on a scale from 1 to 5 and the major cause
The start and end times of any daytime naps and exercises
The name, dosage and time of any drugs used including medication, sleep aids, caffeine and alcohol
The time and type/ heaviness of evening meal
Activities the last hour before bedtime, such as meditation, watching TV, playing PC-games
Stress level before bedtime, often on a scale from 1 to 5 and the major cause
The time the person tried to fall asleep
The time the person thinks sleep onset occurred
Activity during aforementioned two moments (remaining eyes closed, meditating, etc.)
The presumed cause, number, time, and length of any nighttime awakenings and activities during these moments
Quality of sleep
Level of comfort of any recalled good or bad dreams

Data collection

Sleep logs are often hand-drawn on graph paper, as a rule one week per page. Specialized software for creating sleep logs is also available; a spreadsheet or database software can also be used. Online services can also be used to track daily sleep patterns.

As an assessment and intervention tool

Sleep diaries are a key component of the assessment and treatment of Insomnia II.^[4] They make it possible to quantify the severity of a sleep disorder, are a helpful addition for a correct diagnosis and guide the intervention by tracking the changes in sleep. They also make it possible to measure the treatment outcomes in a reliable fashion. Further, they can provide insight as to how well the patient is adhering to a prescribed sleep schedule. The advantages of sleep diaries over other measurements is their simple and inexpensive nature. They are easy to use, provide crucial information and can also be online based. The disadvantages of sleep diaries are that inaccurate or incomplete data is provided by the patient, scoring time used by the clinician and scoring errors on the clinician's side (only paper version).^[5]

References

^ Perlis, Michael L; Carla Jungquist; Michael T Smith; Donn Posner (2005). The Cognitive Behavioral Treatment of Insomnia: A Session-by-session Guide. Springer-Verlag New York Inc. pp. 33, 50. ISBN 978-0-387-22252-3.
^ Morin, C.M. (1996). Insomnia: Psychological Assessment and Management (Treatment Manuals for Practitioners). Guilford Publications. p. 61. ISBN 978-1-57230-120-7.
^ Charles M. Morin; Colin A. Espie (2003). Insomnia: A Clinician's Guide to Assessment and Treatment. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers. p. 30. ISBN 978-0-306-47750-8.
^ Edinger, Jack D.; Means, Melanie K.; Carney, Colleen E.; Manber, Rachel (2011), "Psychological and Behavioral Treatments for Insomnia II", Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine, Elsevier, pp. 884–904, doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-6645-3.00080-3, ISBN 9781416066453
^ Rajaee Rizi, Farid; Asgarian, Fatemeh Sadat (2022-08-24). "Reliability, validity, and psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Tayside children's sleep questionnaire". Sleep and Biological Rhythms. 21 (1): 97–103. doi:10.1007/s41105-022-00420-6. ISSN 1446-9235. PMC 10899986. PMID 38468908.

External links

Sleeplessness and Circadian Rhythm Disorder – synopsis by Mary E. Cataletto, MD on eMedicine, August 2008
Charts and analyses of sleep conditions – Dr Piotr Woźniak and Prof. Edward Gorzelanczyk, with link to SleepChart application (Windows)

Sample diaries

Trinitas Regional Medical Center – hours horizontal, with shading
Circadian Sleep Disorders Association – days run horizontal
[1] – days run horizontal, basic outline

[1] Perlis, Michael L; Carla Jungquist; Michael T Smith; Donn Posner (2005). The Cognitive Behavioral Treatment of Insomnia: A Session-by-session Guide. Springer-Verlag New York Inc. pp. 33, 50. ISBN 978-0-387-22252-3.

[2] Morin, C.M. (1996). Insomnia: Psychological Assessment and Management (Treatment Manuals for Practitioners). Guilford Publications. p. 61. ISBN 978-1-57230-120-7.

[3] Charles M. Morin; Colin A. Espie (2003). Insomnia: A Clinician's Guide to Assessment and Treatment. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers. p. 30. ISBN 978-0-306-47750-8.

[4] Edinger, Jack D.; Means, Melanie K.; Carney, Colleen E.; Manber, Rachel (2011), "Psychological and Behavioral Treatments for Insomnia II", Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine, Elsevier, pp. 884–904, doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-6645-3.00080-3, ISBN 9781416066453

[5] Rajaee Rizi, Farid; Asgarian, Fatemeh Sadat (2022-08-24). "Reliability, validity, and psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Tayside children's sleep questionnaire". Sleep and Biological Rhythms. 21 (1): 97–103. doi:10.1007/s41105-022-00420-6. ISSN 1446-9235. PMC 10899986. PMID 38468908.

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