Maceration (sewage)
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Maceration, in sewage treatment, is the use of a machine that reduces solids to small pieces in order to deal with rags and other solid waste. Macerating toilets use a grinding or blending mechanism to reduce human waste to a slurry, which can then be moved by pumping. This is useful when, for example, water pressure is low or one wishes to install a toilet below the sewer drain pipe.
Maceration can be achieved by using a chopper pump in the sewage lift station or at the wastewater treatment plant.[1]
When the flush is triggered, wastewater flows into the macerator, and when the water level rises, pressure activates the unit, causing the stainless steel blades to rotate at 3,600 rpm, pulverizing the wastewater into fine particles.[2][3] When this process is complete, the wastewater is pumped to a soil stack or septic tank through a single small diameter pipe (¾ inch or 1 inch) that is much easier to install on site.[4][5]
Macerator maintenance includes regular cleaning and inspection to prevent plaque and clogging.[6] Only toilet paper and human waste should be flushed down the drain; even items labeled "flushable" can cause problems.[7]
Macerator toilets have become more common in mobile homes.[8] Rear bath and half bath layouts mean that the toilet may not be located directly over the black tank, so it may not be a "traditional" motorhome toilet with a gravity flush toilet.
In Antarctica
[edit]At Antarctic research stations with an average summer population of more than 30 people, maceration is the minimum treatment level required before sewage can be disposed of in the sea. This procedure is outlined in the Madrid Protocol, an international treaty outlining environmental practices to be followed in Antarctica. Research stations that do not meet this population threshold are allowed to dump untreated, unmacerated sewage directly into the sea.[1] The treaty also allows ships carrying more than ten people to discharge macerated wastewater (including sewage and food waste) directly into the sea, provided that the vessel is more than 12 nautical miles from shore.[1]: 280
Other large-scale macerative processes
[edit]In food processing plants, maceration refers to the use of a chopper pump to create a "blended" slurry of food waste and other organic byproducts. The macerated substance, which can be described as a protein-rich slurry, is often used for animal feed, fertilizer, and for co-digestion feedstock in biogas plants.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Australian representatives to the Antarctic Treaty (2009). K. Knowles R. Kerry, Martin J. Riddle (ed.). Report on the Open-Ended Intersessional Contact Group on Diseases of Antarctic Wildlife Report 2 — Practical Measures to Reduce Risk (Draft), reproduced as Appendix E in Health of Antarctic Wildlife: A Challenge for Science and Policy. Germany: Springer-Verlag. p. 424. ISBN 978-3-540-93922-1. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
- ^ "Types of Mascerator and What They're Used for". www.diydoctor.org.uk. Retrieved 2025-02-04.
- ^ "Macerators And Other Sewage Stuff". manmrk.net. Retrieved 2025-02-04.
- ^ "What is a macerator Pump". www.mislier.com. Retrieved 2025-02-04.
- ^ "How Does A Macerator Pump Work?". www.ecospecifier.com.au. Retrieved 2025-02-04.
- ^ "What is a Macerator?". www.plumb2u.com. Retrieved 2025-02-04.
- ^ "Flushing Anything Besides Toilet Paper Can Damage Wastewater Infrastructure". www.sehinc.com. Retrieved 2025-02-04.
- ^ "Macerating Toilet For RVs: What Is It?". www.thervgeeks.com. Retrieved 2025-02-04.
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