Draft:American Peptide Society

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The American Peptide Society (APS) is an international nonprofit scholarly organization based in the United States with the mission to advance and promote knowledge of the chemistry and biology of peptides.  The APS currently has well over 2000 members from all over the world at all degree levels, drawn from academia, the pharmaceutical industry, and the biotechnology sector.  The APS is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization, headquartered in Columbus, Ohio. Through its myriad activities, the APS has played a pivotal role in fostering research, education, and collaboration within the peptide community.

History

The American Peptide Society has its roots in response to the growing importance of peptides in diverse areas of science, including pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and materials science. Recognizing the need for a dedicated organization to bring together researchers, educators, and professionals in the field, a group of peptide chemists convened a conference^[1] held in 1968 at Yale University (New Haven, CT), with Saul Lande (Yale University) and Boris Weinstein (University of Washington) serving as Chairs. This event spawned the formal incorporation, on November 4, 1970, of an organization named “American Peptide Symposium”.  Subsequently, the organization was reincorporated as “The American Peptide Society”, founded on February 15, 1990, under the leadership of Charles Deber (Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario), Art Felix (Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Nutley, NJ), Victor Hruby (University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ), and Clark Smith (Upjohn Co., Kalamazoo, MI). The APS “Bylaws and Constitution”^[2] was published originally on March 5, 1990 and updated on January 15, 2020. 

Over the years, the Society has been served by 18 Presidents;^[3] in order of service, they are Victor Hruby (University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ), Charles Deber (Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario), Jean Rivier (Salk Institute for Biological Studies, San Diego, CA), Peter Schiller (Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Canada), Robert Hodges University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada),^[4] Tomi Sawyer (Ariad Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA), Murray Goodman (University of California, San Diego, CA), Roger Freidinger (Merck, West Point, PA), Jane Aldrich (University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS), Richard Houghten (Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, San Diego, CA), Gregg Fields (Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL), Ben Dunn (University of Florida, Gainesville, FL), Robin Offord (Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, Port St. Lucie, FL), Philip Dawson (The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA), Marcey Waters (University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC), Ved Srivastava (Intarcia Therapeutics, Boston, MA), Joel Schneider (National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD), and Paramjit Arora (New York University, New York, NY).  The Society’s biennial Symposia have been held in locations throughout the United States and Canada, and have been chaired by distinguished scientists.^[5]

Peptides

Peptides are relatively short chains (40 or fewer residues) of amino acids (the building blocks of proteins), linked by amide bonds; longer amino acid chains are considered polypeptides or proteins.  With 20 naturally occurring amino acids to work with, the amount of possible peptide sequences are astronomical.

Peptides have emerged as critical molecules in drug discovery, vaccine development, and many other applications. Natural peptides act variously as hormones and growth factors, and some possess antimicrobial properties; examples of important peptides include enkephalin, oxytocin, angiotensin, insulin, and GLP-1 agonists. Peptide scientists study the chemical and physical structures of these molecules (and of related molecules, many of which are designed rather than naturally occurring), devise methods for their synthesis, and determine their biological activities. Yet another area of importance for peptides is the systematic study of their usefulness as novel materials with interesting properties.

Symposia and Other APS Activities

The flagship events conducted under APS auspices are the biennial American Peptide Symposia,^[5] which are attended by hundreds of research scientists (in a few cases, over a thousand) from all over the world, and feature invited and submitted lectures from distinguished scientists on cutting-edge research. Each Symposium also provides a platform for undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral students to present their results in poster sessions, with a portion of these contributions selected by the organizing committee for oral presentation.  These are further buttressed by extensive networking opportunities, outreach activities, and workshops specifically designed for students.  At the same time, leading manufacturers, suppliers, vendors, and publishers showcase their most recent wares in suitable exhibition space.

The first such Symposium was held in 1968 at Yale University, well before the Society was formally established.  As of 2024, the American Peptide Symposium has been held 28 times throughout the United States and Canada.

The APS also administers a number of prestigious awards that are officially bestowed at the Symposia, where the recipients deliver their award addresses and receive their plaques. Additional APS awards support student travel, and at various points in its history, the APS has sponsored or maintained specialized peer-reviewed scientific journals that are dedicated to various aspects of peptide science.

Awards

The APS recognizes outstanding contributions to the field with five distinct awards:

The R. Bruce Merrifield Award,^[6][7] previously known as the Alan E. Pierce Award but established in 1997 by an endowment from Rao Makineni, recognizes the lifetime achievement of a peptide scientist whose work exemplifies the highest level of scientific creativity.^{[8][9][10][11]}

The Vincent du Vigneaud Award,^[12] sponsored by Bachem, recognizes outstanding achievement in peptide research at mid-career.^[13]

The Murray Goodman Scientific Excellence & Mentorship Award^[14] recognizes an individual who has demonstrated career-long research excellence and has been responsible for significant mentorship and training of students, post-doctoral fellows, and/or other co-workers.^[15]

The Rao Makineni Lectureship^[16] recognizes an individual who has made a recent contribution of unusual merit to research in the field of peptide science. The recipient speaks at the biennial Symposium.^[17]

The APS Early Career Lectureship.^[18] Since 2019, outstanding early career investigators^[19] who have demonstrated innovative research in peptide science are recognized and given the opportunity to address the biennial Symposia. Two recipients are chosen biennially.

In addition to the aforementioned awards, the biennial Symposia have included a Young Investigators’ Poster Competition (since 1991) and a Young Investigators’ MiniSymposium (since 1999), in order to recognize and honor noteworthy contributions from undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral students. These awards are not permanently endowed, so their naming has varied depending on the wishes of various benefactors.