Wikipedia

List of Alabama Crimson Tide bowl games

The Alabama Crimson Tide football team competes as part of the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), representing the University of Alabama in the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). Since the establishment of the team in 1892, Alabama has appeared in 75 bowl games.[1][2] Included in these games are 40 combined appearances in the traditional "big four" bowl games (the Rose, Sugar, Cotton, and Orange), 6 Bowl Championship Series (BCS) game appearances (including three victories in the BCS National Championship Game) and six appearances in the College Football Playoff, and three victories in the College Football Playoff National Championship Game.[2][3][4]

Several American football players in red and white uniforms in action at the mid-field area of the stadium with a large logo visible on the field. Players are visible on both sidelines with the edge of the spectator stands also visible.
50-yard line action during the 2010 BCS National Championship Game

Alabama's first bowl game was in 1926, when Wallace Wade led them to the first of three Rose Bowls during his tenure and defeated Washington 20–19.[5] Taking over for Wade following the 1930 season, between 1931 and 1946 Frank Thomas led Alabama to six bowl appearances including three Rose, and one trip each to the Cotton, Orange and Sugar Bowls.[6] After Thomas, Harold Drew led Alabama to the Sugar, Orange and Cotton Bowls between 1947 and 1954.[7] After a five-year bowl absence, Alabama made the first of 24 consecutive bowl appearances under Paul "Bear" Bryant in the 1959 Liberty Bowl.[8] From 1959 to 1982, Bryant led the Crimson Tide to eight Sugar, five Orange, four Cotton, four Liberty, two Bluebonnet and one Gator Bowls.[8]

After Bryant retired, Ray Perkins extended Alabama's consecutive bowl game streak to 25 years with a victory in the 1983 Sun Bowl.[9] However, the streak ended when the 1984 team finished the season with a record of five wins and six losses and failed to qualify for a bowl for the first time in 26 years.[10] The bowl absence lasted only one season as Perkins led the Crimson Tide to wins in both the Aloha and Sun Bowls before he resigned as head coach following the 1986 season.[11] Bill Curry continued the bowl tradition and led the Crimson Tide to Hall of Fame, Sun and Sugar Bowl appearances in his three seasons as head coach.[12] After Curry, Gene Stallings took Alabama to the Fiesta, Blockbuster, Gator, Citrus and Outback Bowls.[13] Stallings also led the Crimson Tide to victory in the first Bowl Coalition national championship game with a 34–13 victory over Miami in the Sugar Bowl.[14][15] In August 1995, as part of the penalty imposed by the NCAA for rules violations, Alabama was ruled ineligible to participate in the 1995 bowl season.[16]

Following the retirement of Stallings, Mike DuBose was hired as head coach.[17] After failing to qualify for a bowl game in 1997, DuBose led the Crimson Tide to the inaugural Music City Bowl and Alabama's first BCS bowl berth in the Orange Bowl.[3][18] After again failing to qualify for a bowl in 2000, DuBose was fired and Dennis Franchione was hired as head coach.[19] In his first season, Franchione led Alabama to the Independence Bowl.[18] In February 2002, the NCAA found Alabama violated multiple rules, and as part of its penalty a two-year bowl ban was imposed to include both the 2002 and 2003 seasons.[20] Eligible again to compete in bowl games, Mike Shula led Alabama to the Music City Bowl and a victory in the Cotton Bowl.[18] However, in 2009, Alabama was again found to have violated NCAA rules between 2005 and 2007 and as part of their penalty, the 2006 Cotton Bowl Classic victory was officially vacated.[21] In the week following the 2006 loss to Auburn, Shula was fired and Joe Kines served as interim head coach for the Independence Bowl loss.[18][22]

In January 2007, Nick Saban was hired as head coach, and has led the Crimson Tide to 15 bowl appearances in his twelve seasons at Alabama.[23] After defeating Colorado in the Independence Bowl, Saban led Alabama to their second BCS bowl against Utah in the Sugar Bowl.[3][23] In 2009, Saban led the Crimson Tide to the BCS National Championship Game, and defeated Texas 37–21 to clinch the program's first national title of the BCS era.[3][23] A year after Alabama defeated Michigan State in the 2011 Capital One Bowl, the Crimson Tide defeated LSU in the BCS National Championship Game to clinch the program's second national title of the BCS era.[24][25] The following season, the Crimson Tide won their second consecutive BCS National Championship Game by a final score of 42–14 over Notre Dame.[26] In their latest bowl appearance, Alabama defeated Ohio State in the 2021 College Football Playoff National Championship.[27] The win brings Alabama's overall bowl record to 44 wins, 26 losses, and 3 ties, placing the Crimson Tide in first place among all FBS schools for both bowl appearances and victories.[1]

Key

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Bowl games

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List of bowl games showing bowl played in, score, date, season, opponent, stadium, location, attendance and head coach[A 1]
# Bowl[2] Score[A 2] Date Season[A 3] Opponent[A 4] Stadium Location Attendance[28] Head coach
1 Rose Bowl W 20–19 January 1, 1926 1925 Washington Huskies Rose Bowl Pasadena 50,000 Wallace Wade
2 Rose Bowl T 7–7 January 1, 1927 1926 Stanford Rose Bowl Pasadena 57,417‡ Wallace Wade
3 Rose Bowl W 24–0 January 1, 1931 1930 Washington State Cougars Rose Bowl Pasadena 60,000 Wallace Wade
4 Rose Bowl W 29–13 January 1, 1935 1934 Stanford Indians Rose Bowl Pasadena 84,474‡ Frank Thomas
5 Rose Bowl L 0–13 January 1, 1938 1937 California Golden Bears Rose Bowl Pasadena 90,000‡ Frank Thomas
6 Cotton Bowl Classic W 29–21 January 1, 1942 1941 Texas A&M Aggies Cotton Bowl Dallas 38,000 Frank Thomas
7 Orange Bowl W 37–21 January 1, 1943 1942 Boston College Eagles Orange Bowl Miami 25,166 Frank Thomas
8 Sugar Bowl L 26–29 January 1, 1945 1944 Duke Blue Devils Tulane Stadium New Orleans 72,000 Frank Thomas
9 Rose Bowl W 34–14 January 1, 1946 1945 USC Trojans Rose Bowl Pasadena 93,000 Frank Thomas
10 Sugar Bowl L 7–27 January 1, 1948 1947 Texas Longhorns Tulane Stadium New Orleans 72,000 Harold Drew
11 Orange Bowl W 61–6 January 1, 1953 1952 Syracuse Orangemen Orange Bowl Miami 66,280‡ Harold Drew
12 Cotton Bowl Classic L 6–28 January 1, 1954 1953 Rice Owls Cotton Bowl Dallas 75,504‡ Harold Drew
13 Liberty Bowl L 0–7 December 19, 1959 1959 Penn State Nittany Lions Philadelphia Municipal Stadium[A 5] Philadelphia 36,211‡ Bear Bryant
14 Bluebonnet Bowl T 3–3 December 17, 1960 1960 Texas Longhorns Rice Stadium Houston 68,000† Bear Bryant
15 Sugar Bowl W 10–3 January 1, 1962 1961 Arkansas Razorbacks Tulane Stadium New Orleans 82,910‡ Bear Bryant
16 Orange Bowl W 17–0 January 1, 1963 1962 Oklahoma Sooners Orange Bowl Miami 72,880 Bear Bryant
17 Sugar Bowl W 12–7 January 1, 1964 1963 Ole Miss Rebels Tulane Stadium New Orleans 80,785 Bear Bryant
18 Orange Bowl L 17–21 January 1, 1965 1964 Texas Longhorns Orange Bowl Miami 72,647 Bear Bryant
19 Orange Bowl W 39–28 January 1, 1966 1965 Nebraska Cornhuskers Orange Bowl Miami 72,214 Bear Bryant
20 Sugar Bowl W 34–7 January 2, 1967 1966 Nebraska Cornhuskers Tulane Stadium New Orleans 82,000 Bear Bryant
21 Cotton Bowl Classic L 16–20 January 1, 1968 1967 Texas A&M Aggies Cotton Bowl Dallas 75,504 Bear Bryant
22 Gator Bowl L 10–35 December 28, 1968 1968 Missouri Tigers Gator Bowl Stadium Jacksonville 68,011 Bear Bryant
23 Liberty Bowl L 33–47 December 13, 1969 1969 Colorado Buffaloes Memphis Memorial Stadium[A 6] Memphis 50,042‡ Bear Bryant
24 Bluebonnet Bowl T 24–24 December 31, 1970 1970 Oklahoma Sooners Houston Astrodome Houston 53,829 Bear Bryant
25 Orange Bowl L 6–38 January 1, 1972 1971 Nebraska Cornhuskers Orange Bowl Miami 78,151 Bear Bryant
26 Cotton Bowl Classic L 13–17 January 1, 1973 1972 Texas Longhorns Cotton Bowl Dallas 72,000 Bear Bryant
27 Sugar Bowl L 23–24 December 31, 1973 1973 Notre Dame Fighting Irish Tulane Stadium New Orleans 85,161† Bear Bryant
28 Orange Bowl L 11–13 January 1, 1975 1974 Notre Dame Fighting Irish Orange Bowl Miami 71,801 Bear Bryant
29 Sugar Bowl W 13–6 December 31, 1975 1975 Penn State Nittany Lions Louisiana Superdome New Orleans 75,212 Bear Bryant
30 Liberty Bowl W 36–6 December 20, 1976 1976 UCLA Bruins Memphis Memorial Stadium[A 6] Memphis 52,736‡ Bear Bryant
31 Sugar Bowl W 35–6 January 2, 1978 1977 Ohio State Buckeyes Louisiana Superdome New Orleans 76,811 Bear Bryant
32 Sugar Bowl W 14–7 January 1, 1979 1978 Penn State Nittany Lions Louisiana Superdome New Orleans 76,824 Bear Bryant
33 Sugar Bowl W 24–9 January 1, 1980 1979 Arkansas Razorbacks Louisiana Superdome New Orleans 77,486 Bear Bryant
34 Cotton Bowl Classic W 30–2 January 1, 1981 1980 Baylor Bears Cotton Bowl Dallas 74,281 Bear Bryant
35 Cotton Bowl Classic L 12–14 January 1, 1982 1981 Texas Longhorns Cotton Bowl Dallas 73,243 Bear Bryant
36 Liberty Bowl W 21–15 December 29, 1982 1982 Illinois Fighting Illini Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium Memphis 54,123 Bear Bryant
37 Sun Bowl W 28–7 December 24, 1983 1983 SMU Mustangs Sun Bowl Stadium El Paso 41,412‡ Ray Perkins
38 Aloha Bowl W 24–3 December 28, 1985 1985 USC Trojans Aloha Stadium Honolulu 35,183 Ray Perkins
39 Sun Bowl W 28–6 December 25, 1986 1986 Washington Huskies Sun Bowl Stadium El Paso 48,722 Ray Perkins
40 Hall of Fame Bowl[A 7] L 24–28 January 2, 1988 1987 Michigan Wolverines Tampa Stadium Tampa 60,156‡ Bill Curry
41 Sun Bowl W 29–28 December 24, 1988 1988 Army Sun Bowl Stadium El Paso 48,719 Bill Curry
42 Sugar Bowl L 25–33 January 1, 1990 1989 Miami Hurricanes Louisiana Superdome New Orleans 77,452 Bill Curry
43 Fiesta Bowl L 7–34 January 1, 1991 1990 Louisville Cardinals Sun Devil Stadium Tempe 69,098 Gene Stallings
44 Blockbuster Bowl[A 8] W 30–25 December 28, 1991 1991 Colorado Buffaloes Joe Robbie Stadium Miami Gardens 52,644 Gene Stallings
45 Sugar Bowl* W 34–13 January 1, 1993 1992 Miami Hurricanes Louisiana Superdome New Orleans 76,789 Gene Stallings
46 Gator Bowl W 24–10 December 31, 1993 1993 North Carolina Tar Heels Gator Bowl Stadium Jacksonville 67,205 Gene Stallings
47 Citrus Bowl[A 9] W 24–17 January 2, 1995 1994 Ohio State Buckeyes Citrus Bowl[A 10] Orlando 71,195 Gene Stallings
48 Outback Bowl[A 7] W 17–14 January 1, 1997 1996 Michigan Wolverines Tampa Stadium Tampa 53,161 Gene Stallings
49 Music City Bowl L 7–38 December 28, 1998 1998 Virginia Tech Hokies Vanderbilt Stadium Nashville 41,248‡ Mike DuBose
50 Orange Bowl L 34–35 January 1, 2000 1999 Michigan Wolverines Pro Player Stadium[A 11] Miami Gardens 70,461 Mike DuBose
51 Independence Bowl W 14–13 December 27, 2001 2001 Iowa State Cyclones Independence Stadium Shreveport 45,627 Dennis Franchione
52 Music City Bowl L 16–20 December 31, 2004 2004 Minnesota Golden Gophers The Coliseum[A 12] Nashville 66,089‡ Mike Shula
53 Cotton Bowl Classic[A 13] W 13–10 January 1, 2006 2005 Texas Tech Red Raiders Cotton Bowl Dallas 74,222 Mike Shula
54 Independence Bowl L 31–34 December 28, 2006 2006 Oklahoma State Cowboys Independence Stadium Shreveport 45,054 Joe Kines[A 14]
55 Independence Bowl W 30–24 December 30, 2007 2007 Colorado Buffaloes Independence Stadium Shreveport 47,043 Nick Saban
56 Sugar Bowl L 17–31 January 2, 2009 2008 Utah Utes Louisiana Superdome New Orleans 71,872 Nick Saban
57 BCS National Championship Game* W 37–21 January 7, 2010 2009 Texas Longhorns Rose Bowl Pasadena 94,906† Nick Saban
58 Capital One Bowl[A 9] W 49–7 January 1, 2011 2010 Michigan State Spartans Citrus Bowl[A 10] Orlando 61,519 Nick Saban
59 BCS National Championship Game* W 21–0 January 9, 2012 2011 LSU Tigers Mercedes-Benz Superdome[A 15] New Orleans 78,237 Nick Saban
60 BCS National Championship Game* W 42–14 January 7, 2013 2012 Notre Dame Fighting Irish Sun Life Stadium[A 11] Miami Gardens 80,120 Nick Saban
61 Sugar Bowl L 31–45 January 2, 2014 2013 Oklahoma Sooners Mercedes-Benz Superdome[A 15] New Orleans 70,473 Nick Saban
62 Sugar Bowl§ L 35–42 January 1, 2015 2014 Ohio State Buckeyes Mercedes-Benz Superdome[A 15] New Orleans 74,682 Nick Saban
63 Cotton Bowl Classic§ W 38–0 December 31, 2015 2015 Michigan State Spartans AT&T Stadium Arlington 82,812 Nick Saban
64 CFP National Championship* W 45–40 January 11, 2016 Clemson Tigers University of Phoenix Stadium[A 16] Glendale 75,765 Nick Saban
65 Peach Bowl§ W 24–7 December 31, 2016 2016 Washington Huskies Georgia Dome Atlanta 79,996 Nick Saban
66 CFP National Championship* L 31–35 January 9, 2017 Clemson Tigers Raymond James Stadium Tampa 74,512 Nick Saban
67 Sugar Bowl§ W 24–6 January 1, 2018 2017 Clemson Tigers Mercedes-Benz Superdome New Orleans 72,360 Nick Saban
68 CFP National Championship* W 26–23 January 8, 2018 Georgia Bulldogs Mercedes-Benz Stadium Atlanta 77,430 Nick Saban
69 Orange Bowl§ W 45–34 December 29, 2018 2018 Oklahoma Sooners Hard Rock Stadium[A 11] Miami Gardens 66,203 Nick Saban
70 CFP National Championship* L 16–44 January 7, 2019 Clemson Tigers Levi's Stadium Santa Clara 74,814 Nick Saban
71 Citrus Bowl W 35–16 January 1, 2020 2019 Michigan Wolverines Camping World Stadium Orlando 59,746 Nick Saban
72 Rose Bowl§ W 31–14 January 1, 2021 2020 Notre Dame Fighting Irish AT&T Stadium Arlington 18,373 Nick Saban
73 CFP National Championship* W 52–24 January 11, 2021 Ohio State Buckeyes Hard Rock Stadium Miami Gardens 14,926 Nick Saban
74 Cotton Bowl Classic§ W 27–6 December 31, 2021 2021 Cincinnati Bearcats AT&T Stadium Arlington 76,313 Nick Saban
75 CFP National Championship* L 18–33 January 10, 2022 Georgia Bulldogs Lucas Oil Stadium Indianapolis 68,311 Nick Saban
76 Sugar Bowl W 45–20 December 31, 2022 2022 Kansas State Wildcats Caesars Superdome New Orleans 60,437 Nick Saban
77 Rose Bowl§ L 20–27 January 1, 2024 2023 Michigan Wolverines Rose Bowl Pasadena 96,371 Nick Saban

Notes

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  1. ^ Statistics correct as of 2012–13 NCAA football bowl games.
  2. ^ Results are sortable first by whether the result was an Alabama win, loss or tie and then second by the margin of victory.
  3. ^ Links to the season article for the Alabama team that competed in the bowl for that year.
  4. ^ Links to the season article for the opponent that Alabama competed against in the bowl for that year when available or to their general page when unavailable.
  5. ^ This stadium was built for the 1926 Sesquicentennial Exposition and originally known as Sesquicentennial Stadium. After the end of the exposition, it was renamed Philadelphia Municipal Stadium, retaining that name until 1964. It was renamed John F. Kennedy Stadium in the wake of Kennedy's assassination, and retained that name until its demolition in 1992.
  6. ^ a b Originally called Memphis Memorial Stadium, in 1976 it was renamed Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium.[29]
  7. ^ a b The Outback Bowl was previously known as the Hall of Fame Bowl (1986–1995).[30]
  8. ^ The Camping World Bowl was at the time known as the Blockbuster Bowl (1990–1993).
  9. ^ a b The Citrus Bowl has been known as: the Tangerine Bowl (1947–1982), Florida Citrus Bowl (1983–1993), CompUSA Florida Citrus Bowl (1994–1999), OurHouse.com Florida Citrus Bowl (2000), Capital One Florida Citrus Bowl (2001–2002), Capital One Bowl (2003–2014), Buffalo Wild Wings Citrus Bowl (2015–2017), Citrus Bowl presented by Overton's (2018), and VRBO Citrus Bowl (2019–present).[30]
  10. ^ a b The Citrus Bowl stadium has been known as Camping World Stadium since 2016.[31]
  11. ^ a b c Originally called Joe Robbie Stadium, in 1996 it was renamed Pro Player Stadium after naming rights were sold, and it retained the Pro Player moniker through the 2005 season. It was later known as Sun Life Stadium, and is now known as Hard Rock Stadium.[32][33][34]
  12. ^ This stadium opened in 1999 as Adelphia Coliseum. In 2002, after Adelphia missed a required payment on its naming rights contract and later filed for bankruptcy, the contract was terminated and the stadium became The Coliseum. It was renamed LP Field in 2006 and Nissan Stadium in 2015.[35][36]
  13. ^ In March 2009, the NCAA ruled that Alabama had to vacate its 2006 Cotton Bowl Classic victory due to sanctions stemming from textbook-related infractions discovered during the 2007 season. After an unsuccessful appeal to the NCAA Division I Infractions Appeals Committee, the 2006 Cotton Bowl Classic victory was officially vacated. As the penalty to vacate the victory did not result in a loss (or forfeiture) of the contest or award a victory to the opponent, Texas Tech still counts the game as a loss in its overall records.[21]
  14. ^ Mike Shula coached the entire 2006 regular season with Joe Kines serving as the interim head coach for the bowl game.
  15. ^ a b c On October 3, 2011, it was announced that Mercedes-Benz purchased naming rights to the Superdome effective October 23, 2011. From 1976 through 2011 the facility was called the Louisiana Superdome.[37]
  16. ^ This stadium opened in 2008 as Cardinals Stadium, but shortly thereafter was renamed University of Phoenix Stadium, retaining that name until 2018. It is now known as State Farm Stadium.[38]

References

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General
  • National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). "Bowl/All-Star Game Records" (PDF). 2011 NCAA Division I Football Records. NCAA.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 15, 2012. Retrieved August 30, 2011.
  • UA Athletics Media Relations Office. "Bowl Bound" (PDF). 2010 Alabama Football Media Guide. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 23, 2011. Retrieved January 29, 2011.
Specific
  1. ^ a b Bowl/All-Star Game Records, p. 14
  2. ^ a b c Bowl Bound, p. 182
  3. ^ a b c d Bowl/All-Star Game Records, p. 31
  4. ^ Dunnavant, Keith (2004). The Fifty-Year Seduction: How Television Manipulated College Football, from the Birth of the Modern NCAA to the Creation of the BCS. Macmillan. pp. 93–99. ISBN 978-0-312-32345-5. Retrieved March 2, 2011.
  5. ^ Bowl Bound, p. 188
  6. ^ Bowl Bound, pp. 189–190
  7. ^ Bowl Bound, p. 191
  8. ^ a b Bowl Bound, pp. 192–199
  9. ^ Bowl Bound, p. 200
  10. ^ Mitchell, Billy (November 11, 1984). "Reality of a losing record stuns the Tide". The Tuscaloosa News. p. 1B. Retrieved January 29, 2011.
  11. ^ Wheat, Jack (December 31, 1986). "Perkins takes Tampa Bay coaching job". The Tuscaloosa News. p. 1. Retrieved January 29, 2011.
  12. ^ Bowl Bound, p. 201
  13. ^ Bowl Bound, pp. 202–203
  14. ^ Hurt, Cecil (December 7, 1992). "Voters don't let the Tide down". The Tuscaloosa News. p. 1B. Retrieved January 29, 2011.
  15. ^ Hurt, Cecil (January 2, 1993). "National Champions! Bama finds life is sweet back at top". The Tuscaloosa News. p. 1. Retrieved January 29, 2011.
  16. ^ Hurt, Cecil (August 3, 1995). "Sayers will fight 'excessive' penalties". The Tuscaloosa News. p. 1.
  17. ^ "Aide gets Alabama post". The New York Times. December 10, 1996. Archived from the original on November 17, 2015. Retrieved February 23, 2011.
  18. ^ a b c d Bowl Bound, pp. 204–205
  19. ^ Hurt, Cecil (December 2, 2000). "Fran's the new man at Alabama". The Tuscaloosa News. p. 1. Retrieved February 23, 2011.
  20. ^ "Alabama is penalized with 2-year bowl ban". The New York Times. February 2, 2002. Retrieved January 29, 2011.
  21. ^ a b Hurt, Cecil (March 23, 2010). "UA officials disappointed in appeal outcome". The Tuscaloosa News. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved January 29, 2011.
  22. ^ "Alabama fires Shula, names Kines interim coach". ESPN.com. ESPN.com news services. November 28, 2006. Archived from the original on December 2, 2006. Retrieved January 29, 2011.
  23. ^ a b c Bowl Bound, p. 206
  24. ^ Solomon, Jon (January 2, 2011). "Alabama's defense dismantles Michigan State". The Birmingham News. Retrieved January 30, 2011.
  25. ^ "Alabama's D embarrasses LSU as five FGs, late TD seal national title". ESPN.com. Associated Press. January 9, 2012. Archived from the original on January 24, 2012. Retrieved February 22, 2012.
  26. ^ "Alabama routs Notre Dame, wins 3rd BCS title in past 4 years". ESPN.com. ESPN.com news services. January 7, 2013. Archived from the original on January 8, 2013. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
  27. ^ Bieler, Des; Culpepper, Chuck (January 11, 2021). "The Alabama football dynasty collects another title with a 52–24 rout of Ohio State". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
  28. ^ Bowl/All-Star Game Records, pp. 32–38
  29. ^ Brown, Gary; Mike Morrison; Michael Morrison (2008). ESPN Sports Almanac 2008. ESPN. p. 187. ISBN 978-1-933060-38-5.
  30. ^ a b Bowl/All-Star Game Records, pp. 10–11
  31. ^ Murschel, Matt (April 26, 2016). "Camping World new title sponsor for Orlando Citrus Bowl". Orlando Sentinel. Archived from the original on February 19, 2017. Retrieved January 3, 2019.
  32. ^ "Joe Robbie gets a name change". TimesDaily. Florence, Alabama. August 26, 1996. Retrieved December 11, 2011.
  33. ^ Lefton, Terry (January 18, 2010). "Dolphins sell stadium naming rights to Sun Life". South Florida Business Journal. bizjournals.com. Archived from the original on January 6, 2016. Retrieved December 11, 2011.
  34. ^ "Hard Rock International and Miami Dolphins Announce Stadium Naming Rights Agreement" (Press release). Miami Dolphins. August 17, 2016. Archived from the original on 2016-11-13. Retrieved December 16, 2016.
  35. ^ "Titans Announce Nissan Partnership; Stadium Rebranded as Nissan Stadium" (Press release). Tennessee Titans. June 24, 2015. Archived from the original on 2016-01-06. Retrieved June 25, 2015.
  36. ^ Wyatt, Jim (June 24, 2015). "Titans' stadium LP Field to be renamed Nissan Stadium". The Tennessean. Archived from the original on June 24, 2015. Retrieved June 25, 2015.
  37. ^ Woodyard, Chris (October 4, 2011). "Mercedes-Benz buys naming rights to New Orleans' Superdome". USA Today. usatoday.com. Archived from the original on July 17, 2012. Retrieved December 11, 2011.
  38. ^ "Cardinals Reach Naming Rights Agreement with State Farm; Iconic Arizona Venue to be Known as State Farm Stadium". Newsroom.StateFarm.com (Press release). State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company. September 4, 2018. Archived from the original on May 25, 2022. Retrieved September 26, 2018.

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