Frank Morley (September 9, 1860 – October 17, 1937) was a leading mathematician, known mostly for his teaching and research in the fields of algebra and geometry. Among his mathematical accomplishments was the discovery and proof of the celebrated Morley's trisector theorem in elementary plane geometry.
Frank Morley | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | September 9, 1860 Woodbridge, Suffolk, England |
| Died | October 17, 1937 (aged 77) Baltimore, Maryland |
| Nationality | English |
| Alma mater | King's College, Cambridge |
| Known for | Morley's trisector theorem |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Mathematics |
| Institutions | Haverford College Johns Hopkins University |
| Doctoral students | Clara Latimer Bacon Harry Bateman Leonard Blumenthal Walter B. Carver Arthur Coble Teresa Cohen Aubrey E. Landry Francis Murnaghan Boyd Patterson Mabel M. Young |
He led 50 Ph.D. students, including Clara Latimer Bacon, to their degrees, and was said to be
- ... one of the more striking figures of the relatively small group of men who initiated that development which, within his own lifetime, brought Mathematics in America from a minor position to its present place in the sun.[1]
Life
editMorley was born in the town of Woodbridge in Suffolk, England. His parents were Elizabeth Muskett and Joseph Roberts Morley, Quakers who ran a china shop. After being educated at Woodbridge School, Morley went on to King's College, Cambridge (B.A., 1884).[2]
In 1887, Morley moved to Pennsylvania. He taught at Haverford College until 1900, when he became chairman of the mathematics department at Johns Hopkins University. His publications include Elementary Treatise on the Theory of Functions (1893), with James Harkness; and Introduction to the Theory of Analytic Functions (1898). In 1897, he was elected to the American Philosophical Society.[3] He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1917.[4] He was President of the American Mathematical Society from 1919 to 1920[5] and was the editor of the American Journal of Mathematics from 1900 to 1921. He was an invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1912 at Cambridge (England), in 1924 at Toronto, and in 1936 at Oslo.
In 1933 he and his son Frank Vigor Morley published the "stimulating volume" Inversive Geometry.[6][7] The book develops complex numbers as a tool for geometry and function theory. Some non-standard terminology is used such as "base-circle" for unit circle and "turn" for a point on it.
He was a strong chess player and once beat world chess champion Emanuel Lasker in a game.
He died in Baltimore, Maryland, at age 77.
He had three sons: novelist Christopher Morley; Pulitzer Prize-winning columnist, journalist, and college president Felix Morley; and Frank Vigor Morley, also a mathematician.
Works
edit- 1893: (with James Harkness) A treatise on the theory of functions (New York: Macmillan)[8]
- 1898: (with James Harkness) Introduction to the Theory of Analytic Functions (G.E.Stechert And Company)[9]
- 1919: On the Lüroth Quartic Curve
- 1933: (with son Frank Vigor Morley) Inversive Geometry, Ginn & Co., now available from HathiTrust
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Coble, Arthur B. (1938). "Frank Morley—In memoriam". Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. 44 (3): 167–170. doi:10.1090/s0002-9904-1938-06692-x.
- ^ "Morley, Frank (MRLY879F)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ^ "APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved February 21, 2024.
- ^ "Frank Morley". American Academy of Arts & Sciences. February 9, 2023. Retrieved February 21, 2024.
- ^ Morley, Frank (1921). "Pleasant Questions and Wonderful Effects. Presidential address delivered before the American Mathematical Society, December 28, 1920". Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 27: 309–312. doi:10.1090/S0002-9904-1921-03427-6.
- ^ Snyder, Virgil (1934). "Review: Frank Morley and F. V. Morley, Inversive Geometry". Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 40 (5): 374–375. doi:10.1090/s0002-9904-1934-05848-8.
- ^ Henry Forder (1934) Review:Inversive Geometry, The Mathematical Gazette 18:127–9
- ^ Maschke, H. (1894). "Review: A Treatise on the Theory of Functions by J. Harkness and F. Morley" (PDF). Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 3 (7): 155–167. doi:10.1090/s0002-9904-1894-00202-x.
- ^ Bolza, Oskar (1899). "Review: Introduction to the Theory of Analytic Functions by J. Harkness and F. Morley" (PDF). Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 6 (2): 63–74. doi:10.1090/s0002-9904-1899-00671-2.
- R.C. Archibald, A Semicentennial History of the American Mathematical Society (1888–1938), Chapter 15: The Presidents: #15 Morley 1919–20. pp. 194–201, includes bibliography of Morley's papers.
External links
edit- Works by or about Frank Morley at the Internet Archive
- O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Frank Morley", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
- Frank Morley at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
- Clark Kimberling: Frank Morley (1860–1937) geometer.