De Winton & Co (1854–1901) were engineers in Caernarfon, Wales. They built, amongst other things, vertical boilered narrow gauge locomotives for use in Welsh slate mines and other industrial settings. At least six De Winton locomotives have been preserved. But these quarry tramway locomotives, for which in the 21st century they are largely remembered, were just a small part of this company's engineering output.
Overview
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The company had its origins in a small foundry built on the slate wharf at Caernarfon by Owen Thomas in the 1840s. He subsequently went into partnership with Jeffreys Parry de Winton and the firm developed as the Union Foundry. Manufactures included street gaslight columns and all manner of street furniture. When the Carnarvonshire Railway was being built under Castle Square, the tunnel roof was supported by iron beams supplied by De Winton's and their name can still be seen at the entrance to the tunnel, which is now used as a road underpass.
The foundry was a major supplier to the Caernarfon and Liverpool ship building industry. The firm built marine steam engines up to 200 bhp powered by boilers that they also made. These marine engines influenced the quarry locomotives that they made. Over 60 were produced over a 25-year period.[1] They also built stationary steam engines and the engine preserved at Parc Glynllifon near Caernarfon is the second oldest working stationary engine in Britain.
De Winton's supplied the quarry industry and made whatever might be needed. At the large and very profitable Dinorwic Quarry in Llanberis, in 1870, De Winton's built and equipped an entire workshop with machinery powered by overhead shafting that in its turn was driven by the largest water wheel in the United Kingdom (over 50 feet in diameter), which remained in daily use until 1925 when it was replaced by a Pelton wheel but retained as standby. The wheel is the subject of a preservation order but in fact the entire workshop complex is preserved as the National Slate Museum.
Jeffreys Parry de Winton (born Wilkins 1828–1892) was mayor of Caernarfon (1870–1872) when his company was one of the rising enterprises in the town. The Company remained in his hands and important in Caernarfon's maritime activities until about 1890. In its decline from that time it appears to have been badly managed and heavily committed to a French invention that failed and brought bankruptcy in 1901. Some of the De Winton works in St Helen's Road survives. Since 1988 it has been the home of a local plumbing and heating business; before that the foundry was used as a bonded warehouse and wine merchants. It stands opposite Caernarfon station of the Welsh Highland Railway.
The steam engine at Glynllifon was restored by Fred Dibnah after he was originally called to the park to quote for the demolition of the chimney.
De Winton locomotives
editThe De Winton records were not preserved, so the complete list of locomotives produced is not known.
| Type | Name | Worked at | Built | Gauge | Disposition | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0-4-0VB | none | Abercwmeiddaw quarry? | 1860s[2] | 2 ft 3 in (686 mm)? | Unknown | Very early locomotive, may have been supplied to agent H & J Ellis and sold on to Abercwmeiddaw quarry[3] |
| 0-4-0VB | Wellington | Dinorwic quarry | 1877 | 1 ft 10+3⁄4 in (578 mm) | Sold to Glynrhonwy quarry 1898 | Double-cylinder engine, double-flanged wheels |
| 0-4-0VB | Harriet | Dinorwic quarry | 1874 | 1 ft 10+3⁄4 in | Scrapped by 1895 | Single-cylinder engine, double-flanged wheels |
| 0-4-0VB | Peris | Dinorwic quarry | 1875 | 1 ft 10+3⁄4 in | Sold or Scrapped by 1895 | double-cylinder engine, double-flanged wheels |
| 0-4-0VB | Victoria | Dinorwic quarry | 1876 | 1 ft 10+3⁄4 in | Scrapped by 1895 | Single-cylinder engine, double-flanged wheels |
| 0-4-0VB | Padarn | Dinorwic quarry | unknown | 1 ft 10+3⁄4 in | Sold to Glynrhonwy quarry 1898 | Single-cylinder engine, double-flanged wheels |
| 0-4-0VB | Rhymney | Pen y Bryn quarry | 1875 | 2 ft (610 mm) | Scrapped | Built for Penrhyn quarry, but order was cancelled |
| 0-4-0VB | Lord Penrhyn | Penrhyn quarry | 1876 | 1 ft 10+3⁄4 in | Scrapped 1909 | |
| 0-4-0VB | Lady Penrhyn | Penrhyn quarry | 1876 | 1 ft 10+3⁄4 in | Scrapped 1911 | |
| 0-4-0VB | Alice | Penrhyn quarry | 1876 | 1 ft 10+3⁄4 in | Scrapped 1912 | |
| 0-4-0VB | Georgina | Penrhyn quarry | 1876 | 1 ft 10+3⁄4 in | Damaged beyond repair in rockfall 1904 | |
| 0-4-0VB | Ina | Penrhyn quarry | 1876 | 1 ft 10+3⁄4 in | Scrapped 1911 | |
| 0-4-0VB[4] | Baladeulyn | Pen-yr-Orsedd Quarry tramways | 2 ft | Sold to Glynrhonwy Slate Quarry in 1895 | ||
| 0-4-0VB[4] | Starstone | Pen-yr-Orsedd Quarry tramways | 2 ft | . | ||
| 0-4-0VB[4] | Inverlochy | Pen-yr-Orsedd Quarry tramways | 1877 | 2 ft | Possible ex-Pen-y-Bryn Quarry. Scrapped 1937 | |
| 0-4-0VB[4] | Glynllifon | Pen-yr-Orsedd Quarry tramways | 1880 | 2 ft | Scrapped 1937 | |
| 0-4-0VB[4] | Rhymney | Pen-yr-Orsedd Quarry tramways ex-Penybryn | 1875 | 2 ft | Scrapped 1933 | |
| 0-4-0VB[4] | Chaloner | Pen-yr-Orsedd Quarry tramways ex-Penybryn | 1877 | 2 ft | Sold to Alfred Fisher in 1960. Now preserved at the Leighton Buzzard Light Railway.[2] | |
| 0-4-0VB | Kathleen | Penrhyn quarry | 1877 | 1 ft 10+3⁄4 in | Stored at the Vale of Rheidol Railway Aberystwyth | |
| 0-4-0VB | George Henry | Penrhyn quarry | 1877 | 1 ft 10+3⁄4 in | Preserved at the Narrow Gauge Railway Museum, Tywyn | |
| 0-4-0ST | Edward Sholto | Penrhyn Quarry Railway | 1876 | 1 ft 10+3⁄4 in | Scrapped 1907 | The only three horizontally-boilered locos known to have been built by de Wintons, all supplied to Penrhyn. |
| 0-4-0ST | Hilda | Penrhyn Quarry Railway | 1878 | 1 ft 10+3⁄4 in | Scrapped after 1911 | |
| 0-4-0ST | Violet | Penrhyn Quarry Railway | 1879 | 1 ft 10+3⁄4 in | Scrapped before 1911 | |
| 0-4-0VB | Penmaen | Penmaenmawr & Welsh Granite Co. Ltd. | 1878 | 3 ft (914 mm) | Out of use by 1943 | Remains still in situ in quarry |
| 0-4-0VB | Lillian | Penmaenmawr & Welsh Granite Co. Ltd. | 1891 | 3 ft (914 mm) | Out of use by 1933; scrapped | |
| 0-4-0VB | Louisa | Penmaenmawr & Welsh Granite Co. Ltd. | 1892 | 3 ft (914 mm) | Out of use by 1936; scrapped 1951 | |
| 0-4-0VB | Ada | Penmaenmawr & Welsh Granite Co. Ltd. | 1892 | 3 ft (914 mm) | Out of use by 1931; scrapped | |
| 0-4-0VB[4] | Gelli | Pen-yr-Orsedd Quarry tramways | 1893 | 2 ft | Withdrawn 1945, still intact at quarry 1952; believed scrapped, frame used as part of pit in loco shed. Subsequently removed for preservation. | |
| 0-4-0VB | Puffin | Penmaenmawr & Welsh Granite Co. Ltd. | 1893 | 3 ft (914 mm) | Out of use by 1934 | |
| 0-4-0VB | Watkin | Penmaenmawr & Welsh Granite Co. Ltd. | 1893 | 3 ft (914 mm) | Out of use by 1944.
Purchased in 1966 by Mr. Evan Hughes of Llanrwst and loaned to the National Trust at Penrhyn Castle by Mrs. D. Williams in May 1972. Loaned to the Welsh Highland Railway for display at Caernarfon railway station in April 2019 | |
| 0-4-0VB | Harold | Penmaenmawr & Welsh Granite Co. Ltd. | 1894 | 3 ft (914 mm) | Out of use by 1936; scrapped 1951 | |
| 0-4-0VB | Pendyffryn | Pen-yr-orsedd slate quarry | 1894 | 1 ft 11+1⁄2 in (597 mm) | Privately owned; awaiting restoration at the Brecon Mountain Railway | |
| 0-4-0VB | Llanfair | Penmaenmawr & Welsh Granite Co. Ltd. | 1895 | 3 ft (914 mm) | Out of use by 1940 | At the Welsh Highland Railway |
| 0-4-0VB[4] | Arthur | Pen-yr-Orsedd Quarry tramways | 1895 | 2 ft | Scrapped 1956 | |
| 0-4-0VB[4] | Victoria | Pen-yr-Orsedd Quarry tramways | 1897 | 2 ft | Scrapped 1956 |
References
edit- ^ "De Winton and Co Engineers Caernarfon". David Fisher. 2011. Archived from the original on 1 August 2015. Retrieved 2 May 2012.
- ^ a b Fisher, Alfred; Jones, Gwynfor Pierce; Fisher, David (2011). De Winton of Caernarfon: Engineers of Excellence. RCL Publications. ISBN 978-0-9565157-1-1.
- ^ Eade, Sara (2013). Slate Below: A Study of Corris, Abercwmeiddaw and Abercorris Quarries the Tramway and the Social Life of a Merionethshire Village. Newtown: Imprint Design & Print. ISBN 978-0-9565652-3-5.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Boyd, James I. C. (1990). Narrow Gauge Railways in North Caernarvonshire, Volume 1: The West (2nd. ed.). The Oakwood Press. ISBN 0-85361-273-0.
- Rowland A. S. Abbott (1989). Vertical Boiler Locomotives. Oakwood Press. ISBN 0-85361-385-0.