Cytophaga is a genus of Gram-negative, gliding, rod-shaped bacteria. This bacterium is commonly found in soil, rapidly digests crystalline cellulose[1] C. hutchinsonii is able to use its gliding motility to move quickly over surfaces. Although the mechanism for this is not known, there is a belief that the flagellum is not used [1]
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| Genus: | Cytophaga Winogradsky 1929 (Approved Lists 1980)
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Species
editThe following are some species in Cytophaga:
- Cytophaga hutchinsonii — aerobic cellulolytic soil bacterium that is known for its ability to rapidly glide over surfaces. The mechanism of cellulose digestion is not fully known; however, it is known that C. hutchinsonii has multiple cell-associated cellulolytic enzymes.[2]
Species previously classified in Cytophaga:
edit- Flavobacterium psychrophila (previously: "Cytophaga psychrophila)" — causes peduncle or cold water disease in Brook trout; predisposed by subnormal water temperature.
- Flavobacterium columnare (previously: Cytophaga columnaris) — the cause of columnaris disease in salmonid fish, as associated with increased water temperature; it is characterized by white necrotic plaques overlaying skin ulcers; formerly called: Flexibacter columnaris.
- Flavobacterium johnsoniae (previously: Cytophaga johnsonae) — associated with false columnaris disease.
- Breznibacter xylanoticus (previously: Cytophaga xylanolytica) — a gliding bacteria that dominates xylan degradation in freshwater environments [3][4]
References
edit- ^ a b Home - Cytophaga hutchinsonii ATCC 33406. (n.d.). Retrieved May 02, 2017, from http://genome.jgi.doe.gov/cythu/cythu.home.html
- ^ Zhu, Yongtao; McBride, Mark (2014). "Deletion of the Cytophaga hutchinsonii type IX secretion system gene sprP results in defects in glinding motility and cellulose utilization". Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 98 (2): 763–755. doi:10.1007/s00253-013-5355-2. PMID 24257839. S2CID 7288131.
- ^ García-López, Marina; Meier-Kolthoff, Jan P.; Tindall, Brian J.; Gronow, Sabine; Woyke, Tanja; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Hahnke, Richard L.; Göker, Markus (2019). "Analysis of 1,000 Type-Strain Genomes Improves Taxonomic Classification of Bacteroidetes". Frontiers in Microbiology. 10: 2083. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.02083. ISSN 1664-302X. PMC 6767994. PMID 31608019.
- ^ Haack, Sheridan Kidd; Breznak, John A. (1993-01-01). "Cytophaga xylanolytica sp. nov., a xylan-degrading, anaerobic gliding bacterium". Archives of Microbiology. 159 (1): 6–15. Bibcode:1993ArMic.159....6H. doi:10.1007/BF00244257. ISSN 1432-072X. S2CID 21521895.
- Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary (3rd ed.). Elsevier. 2007.
