Crow Foot (c. 1876 – December 15, 1890) was the son of Sitting Bull of the Lakota.[1]
His mother was either Seen by Her Nation or Four Robes. He had sisters named Standing Holy and "Lizzie" Her-Lodge-in-Sight; he also had brothers named Henry, Little Soldier, Red Scout, and William Sitting Bull. He was a twin and was born just before the Battle of the Little Bighorn in 1876.[2][1] He was named in honor of Crowfoot, the Blackfeet chief in Canada.[3]: 172
Crow Foot was recalled in his father's obituary as "'bright as a dollar with eyes that fairly snap like whips'".[4]
His father, who believed Indian children needed to learn to read and write, placed Crow Foot and his other children in a Congregational day school.[3] Crow Foot was reportedly Sitting Bull's favorite son.[3]
Crow Foot was said to be "a solemn youth of seventeen" who "displayed a wisdom remarkable for one so young".[5] According to Robert Higheagle, "Crow Foot was not like the rest of the boys. He did not get out and mingle with the boys and play their games. He grew old too early'".[3]
In 1881 he participated alongside his father in the surrender at Fort Buford,[1] handing his father's Winchester rifle to Major Brotherton.[4]: 320
Crow Foot was killed along with his father on December 15, 1890, by a group of Indian agents.[1] One of the police later reported that Crow Foot told his father, "You always called yourself a brave chief. Now you are allowing yourself to be taken by the Ceska maza" (police).[6] The first military and police chronicles of the arrest do not mention Crow Foot saying this.[4]: 272
Lone Man found him hiding in a pile of blankets. Crow Foot said, "'My uncles, do not kill me. I do not wish to die'".[7] Some sources say that the policemen killed him at the instruction of dying Bull Head, who said, "Do what you like with him. He is one of them that has caused this trouble".[5][7] Other sources state that Bull Head said he didn't care what they did.[4]: 275
Lone Man "smashed Crow Foot across the forehead with a rifle butt, which sent him reeling across the room and out the door. There Lone Man and two others, tears streaming down their cheeks, pumped bullets into him."[3]
Further reading
edit- Vestal, Stanley. Sitting Bull, Champion of the Sioux. Houghton Mifflin, 1932.
References
edit- ^ a b c d Coleman, William S. E. (2001-01-01). Voices of Wounded Knee. University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 978-0-8032-0568-0.
- ^ Utley, Robert M. (2014-05-13). Sitting Bull: The Life and Times of an American Patriot. Henry Holt and Company. ISBN 978-1-4668-7139-7.
- ^ a b c d e Utley, Robert M. (1993). The lance and the shield : the life and times of Sitting Bull (1st ed.). New York: Henry Holt. ISBN 0-8050-1274-5. OCLC 27106879.
- ^ a b c d Yenne, Bill (March 2009). Sitting Bull. Yardley, Pennsylvania. ISBN 978-1-59416-092-9. OCLC 294885271.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b Utley, Robert M. (1963). The Last Days of the Sioux Nation. New Haven: Yale University Press. pp. 150, 160–161.
- ^ Ostler, Jeffrey (2004). The Plains Sioux and U.S. colonialism from Lewis and Clark to Wounded Knee. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 324–325. ISBN 0-521-79346-7. OCLC 53951752.
- ^ a b Greene, Jerome A. (2014-04-11). American Carnage: Wounded Knee, 1890. University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 978-0-8061-4551-8.