The Chorna, Chyornaya[a] or Chorhun (Ukrainian: Чорна, Chorna, Russian: Чёрная, Chyornaya, Crimean Tatar: Çorğuna), which translates from the Ukrainian and Russian as "Black River", is a small river in southern Crimea. It is 34.5 km long.
| Chorna | |
|---|---|
 The mouth of the Chorna river at Inkerman | |
 | |
| Native name | Чорна (Ukrainian) |
| Location | |
| Region | Crimea |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | |
| • location | Rodnikivske |
| • coordinates | 44°27′48″N 33°51′36″E / 44.46333°N 33.86000°E |
| Mouth | Sevastopol Bay |
• coordinates | 44°36′29″N 33°35′54″E / 44.60806°N 33.59833°E |
| Length | 41 km (25 mi) |
| Basin size | 463 km2 (179 sq mi) |
The Chorna River begins in the Baydar Valley northeast of the small town of Rodnikivs'ke (44° 28' N 33° 51' EG), just west of which it flows into a reservoir. From there it continues in a westerly direction to the town of Inkerman (Belokamensk) where it enters the Bay of Sevastopol, on the southwest coast of the Crimean peninsula.
Inkerman was a key location during the Crimean War of 1853–1856 and the Chorna lends its name to the Battle of Chernaya (Chyornaya) River of 1855.
Object 221 (Nora)
editLocated at the coordinates +44° 31' 4.00", +33° 42' 5.00" near the Chorna River and Morozivka, which was previously known as Alsou or Alsu before 1948, in the Alsou tract about 2.5 miles (4.0 km) east of Balaklava near the Yalta Sebastopol highway is the reserve command post (ZKP) of the USSR Black Sea Fleet (Russian: ЗКП) in Crimea, which is also known as Objekt 221 or Object 221 and code named "Alsu-2" (Russian: «Алсу-2») or "Nora" (Russian: «Нора»), and is on the eastern slope of the mountains and beneath the 495 metres (1,624 ft) Mount Mishen (Russian: Гора Мишень) which is also called Shaan-Kaya (Russian: Шаан-Кая) or the Nishan-Kaya mountain (Ukrainian: Гора Нішан-Кая). The construction of the underground command post started in 1977 and continued for about 15 years. The pioneer camp "Alsu" is located nearby. In July 2021 with Russian Marines wearing black berets on guard duty, construction began to restore the underground facility allegedly as part of Patriot Park (Russian: парк Патриот).[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
Notes
editReferences
edit- ^ "Объект 221 («Нора»): Это самое глубокое и прочное фортификационное сооружение Крыма времён холодной войны" [Object 221 (Nora): This is the deepest and most durable fortification structure in Crimea during the Cold War]. «Ялта: путеводитель» (jalita.com) (in Russian). August 2011. Archived from the original on 6 December 2024. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
- ^ "Создание подземного мозгового центра ЧФ («Объект 221»): Планируемый секретный объект должен был стать крупнейшим защитным сооружением на южном стратегическом направлении. И он им почти стал" [Creation of an underground brain center of the Black Sea Fleet ("Object 221"): The planned secret facility was to become the largest defensive structure in the southern strategic direction. And it almost became one.]. «Ялта: путеводитель» (jalita.com) (in Russian). August 2011. Archived from the original on 6 December 2024. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
- ^ "Разграбление «Объекта 221»" [Looting of "Object 221"]. «Ялта: путеводитель» (jalita.com) (in Russian). August 2011. Archived from the original on 6 December 2024. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
- ^ Коваль, Сергей (Koval, Sergey) (1 October 2024). "Подземный военный объект в глубине горы под Севастополем: как его может использовать Россия?" [An underground military facility deep in a mountain near Sevastopol: how could Russia use it?]. Крым.Реалии (in Russian). Archived from the original on 6 December 2024. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Richter, Darmon (16 May 2014). "Exploring Crimea's Secret Soviet Sub Base: Balaklava Naval Museum". Ex Utopia (www.exutopia.com). Archived from the original on 6 December 2024. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
- ^ Richter, Darmon (4 June 2015). "Inside Objekt 221: An Abandoned Soviet Stronghold in the Crimea". Ex Utopia (www.exutopia.com). Archived from the original on 6 December 2024. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
- ^ "Под Севастополем начали восстанавливать сверхсекретный военный объект" [Top-secret military facility near Sevastopol has begun to be restored]. «Меридиан Севастополь» (meridian.in.ua) (in Russian). 11 July 2021. Archived from the original on 6 December 2024. Retrieved 6 December 2024.