Bakpia (Javanese: ꦧꦏ꧀ꦥꦶꦪ, romanized: bakpia; Chinese: 肉餅; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bah-piáⁿ; lit. 'meat pastry'- the name it is known by in Indonesia) or Hopia (Tagalog: [ˈhop.jɐʔ]; Chinese: 好餅; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hó-piáⁿ; lit. 'good pastry' - the name it is known by in the Philippines) is a popular Indonesian and Philippine bean-filled moon cake-like pastry originally introduced by Fujianese immigrants in the urban centers of both nations around the past centuries. It is a widely available inexpensive treat and a favoured gift for families, friends and relatives.
 | |
| Alternative names | Hopia, Pia |
|---|---|
| Type | Pastry, sweet roll, kue |
| Course | Snack, dessert |
| Place of origin | Indonesia and Philippines |
| Region or state | Southeast Asia |
| Variations | Bakpia pathok |
| Similar dishes | Heong Peng, banh pia, and other Chinese flaky pastries |
In Indonesia, it is also widely known as bakpia pathok, named after a suburb of Yogyakarta which specialises in the pastry.[1] These sweet rolls are similar to bigger Indonesian pia, the only difference being the size.
Types of dough
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Flaky type
editThe flaky type of bakpia uses Chinese puff pastry. Clear examples of this can be seen in China (especially Macau), Taiwan and countries with established Chinese diaspora communities such as Trinidad and Tobago and Guyana making this type the authentic Chinese hopia. In addition, there is more skill involved in making this type of hopia crust.
Cake-dough type
editFilipino hopia utilizes the cake-dough type in addition to the flaky type.
Fillings
editBelow are the four traditional and most popular bakpia or hopia fillings, though recently other fillings have been created such as cappuccino, cheese, chocolate, custard, durian, mango, pineapple, screwpine (pandan), and umbi talas (taro).[2][3][4]
Mung bean
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The most popular flaky bakpia in Indonesia and hopia in the Philippines is filled with mung bean, which is called in Indonesian: bakpia kacang hijau and in Filipino/Tagalog: Hopia mongo / Hopiang munggo,[5] sometimes referred to in Tagalog: Hopiang matamis, lit. 'Sweet hopia'. As its name implies, it is filled with sweet split mung bean paste.
Pork
editPork hopia (Tagalog: Hopiang baboy / Hopia baboy) is filled with a savoury bread-crumb paste studded with candied wintermelon, flavoured with scallion and enriched with candied pork back fat, hence its name. This type of hopia is also sometimes referred to as hopiang maalat (Tagalog for "salty hopia").
Purple yam
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Ube hopia (Tagalog: Hopia ube / Hopiang ube) is a variant of hopia from the Philippines which use purple yam (Tagalog: ube; Cebuano: ubi). The filling is reminiscent of halayáng ube (ube jam), a traditional Filipino dessert eaten during Christmas season. Like other ube-based dishes, it has a unique, vivid violet colour and sweet taste.
Ube hopia was first introduced in the 1980s by Gerry Chua of Eng Bee Tin, a Chinese Filipino deli chain in the Binondo district of Manila noted for their fusion of Chinese and Filipino culinary traditions.[6][7][8]
Azuki bean
editA variant from the Philippines that uses red azuki bean paste is called in Tagalog: Hopia hapón / Hopiang hapón, lit. 'Japanese hopia'. It differs from other hopia in that it is made from cake dough. It is small and round and is similar in filling, crust texture, and style to the Japanese kuri manjū, hence its name. These are also often formed into cubes and cooked on a griddle one side at a time instead of being baked in an oven.[9]
See also
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References
edit- ^ A Budi Kurniawan, Erwin E Prasetya (January 3, 2014). "Bakpia, Buah Tangan Toleransi dan Akulturasi". Kompas.com (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on January 12, 2015. Retrieved January 13, 2015.
- ^ "Bakpia Pathuk Kini Memiliki Varian Rasa". May 3, 2016.
- ^ "Dayat Story Blogs". Archived from the original on August 18, 2012. Retrieved July 15, 2012. Dayat Story Blogs (Indonesian)
- ^ "New Innovation: HOPIA CUSTARD CLASSIC and UBE". YouTube. June 9, 2012. Archived from the original on February 14, 2015. Retrieved February 12, 2015.
- ^ http://www.bakpiajogkem.com Archived November 4, 2014, at the Wayback Machine Bakpia Jogja Kembali
- ^ "Eng Bee Tin". engbeetin.com. Archived from the original on February 12, 2015. Retrieved February 12, 2015.
- ^ "Chinese rice cake popular in Philippines". China Central Television. October 2, 2013. Archived from the original on February 8, 2017. Retrieved February 7, 2017.
- ^ Dolly Dy-Zulueta (January 7, 2013). "More Than Just Hopia and Tikoy". Flavors of Life. Archived from the original on February 8, 2017. Retrieved February 7, 2017.
- ^ "Homemade Hopiang Hapon Recipe". Mama's Guide Recipes. Retrieved August 25, 2022.