Acanthoma fissuratum, also known as granuloma fissuratum is a cutaneous condition characterized by local thickening of the skin in response to pressure caused by an eyeglass frame.[1]: 777 Acanthoma fissuratum is a hard, folded, flesh-colored lesion or plaque with a central groove. It affects the ear and is common in people wearing poorly fitting spectacle frames. It can also affect other locations like the penis, outer auditory canal, and posterior forchette of the vulva.
| Acanthoma fissuratum | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Granuloma fissuratum,[1] and Spectacle frame acanthoma[2] |
| Specialty | Oncology, dermatology  |
Signs and symptoms
editIn its classic form, it manifests as a single, hard, folded coin-shaped lesion, flesh-colored papule, nodule, or plaque that has a central groove that splits it in half (a look similar to a coffee bean).[3] The retroauricular sulcus, superior auricular sulcus, and the lateral portion of the nose bridge at the inner canthus are common sites for acanthoma fissuratum affecting the ear when it occurs in people wearing poorly fitting spectacle frames.[4] Nonetheless, there have also been reports of involvement at other locations, including the penis,[5] outer auditory canal,[6] and posterior forchette of the vulva.[7]
Causes
editThe lesions develop as a result of various factors, including improperly fitting eyeglass frames, the weight of the spectacles, concurrent skin diseases, and deformities in the anatomy.[4]
Diagnosis
editAcanthosis, hyperkeratosis, and varied parakeratosis are seen in the histopathology. The longitudinal groove, which is matched by central attenuation in the epidermis, may be filled with keratinous debris or inflammatory cells. Variable perivascular nonspecific chronic inflammatory infiltration is seen in the dermis.[4]
Treatment
editThe mainstay of treatment for acanthoma fissuratum consists of removing the persistently irritating stimuli, which typically causes the lesion to reverse. In severe situations, further techniques like electrosurgery, intralesional corticosteroids, and surgical excision may be employed.[4]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Freedberg, et al. (2003). Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-138076-0.
- ^ Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1.
- ^ EPSTEIN, ERVIN (1965-06-01). "Granuloma Fissuratum of the Ears". Archives of Dermatology. 91 (6). American Medical Association (AMA): 621. doi:10.1001/archderm.1965.01600120053012. ISSN 0003-987X. PMID 14295526.
- ^ a b c d Deshpande, NikhilS; Sen, Arijit; Vasudevan, Biju; Neema, Shekhar (2017). "Acanthoma fissuratum: Lest we forget". Indian Dermatology Online Journal. 8 (2). Medknow: 141. doi:10.4103/2229-5178.202267. ISSN 2229-5178. PMC 5372440. PMID 28405560.
- ^ Lee, Jae In; Lee, Young Bok; Cho, Baik Kee; Park, Hyun Jeong (2011-09-14). "Acanthoma fissuratum on the penis". International Journal of Dermatology. 52 (3). Wiley: 382–384. doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2011.04903.x. ISSN 0011-9059.
- ^ Gonzalez, S.A; Moore, A.G.N (October 1989). "Acanthoma fissuratum of the outer auditory canal from a hearing aid". Journal of Cutaneous Pathology. 16 (5): 304. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0560.1989.tb00057.x. ISSN 0303-6987.
- ^ Kennedy, Colleen M.; Dewdney, Summer; Galask, Rudolph P. (2005). "Vulvar Granuloma Fissuratum: A Description of Fissuring of the Posterior Fourchette and the Repair". Obstetrics & Gynecology. 105 (5, Part 1). Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health): 1018–1023. doi:10.1097/01.aog.0000158863.70819.53. ISSN 0029-7844. PMID 15863539.
Further reading
edit- Ramroop, Shivaughn (2020-02-05). "Successful treatment of acanthoma fissuratum with intralesional triamcinolone acetonide". Clinical Case Reports. 8 (4). Wiley: 702–703. doi:10.1002/ccr3.2708. ISSN 2050-0904. PMC 7141742.
- Wilkin, Jonathan K. (1977). "Acanthoma Fissuratum Cutis: Report of a Case and a Review of Previous Cases". The Journal of Dermatologic Surgery and Oncology. 3 (5). Wiley: 531–532. doi:10.1111/j.1524-4725.1977.tb00348.x. ISSN 0148-0812.