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Partido Ortodoxo

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Orthodox Party
Partido Ortodoxo
LeaderEduardo Chibás
Emilio Ochoa
Founded15 May 1947 (1947-05-15)
Dissolved1952 (1952)
Split fromAuthentic Party
HeadquartersHavana
NewspaperCMQ Radio (FM)
Youth wingOrthodox Youth
(Juventud Ortodoxa)
IdeologyCuban nationalism[1][2]
Anti-corruption[3]
Anti-imperialism[4]
Left-wing populism[1][5][6]
Left-wing nationalism[7]
Economic nationalism[1]
Direct democracy
Factions:
Democratic socialism[8][9]
Social democracy
Social corporatism
Liberalism
Agrarian reform
Political positionCentre-left[1] to left-wing[10][9]
Colors  Black
Slogan"Shame against money"
(Vergüenza contra dinero)

The Party of the Cuban People – Orthodox (Spanish: Partido del Pueblo Cubano – Ortodoxos, PPC-O), commonly shortened to the Orthodox Party (Spanish: Partido Ortodoxo), was a Cuban populist political party. It was founded in 1947 by Eduardo Chibás in response to government corruption and lack of reform. Its primary aims were the establishment of a distinct national identity, economic independence and the implementation of social reforms.

History

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In the 1948 general elections Chibás came third in the presidential election, whilst the party won four seats in the House of Representatives. In the 1950 mid-term elections they won nine. Chibás' cousin, Roberto Agramonte, was the favorite to win the 1952 election (for the Ortodoxos) but Fulgencio Batista staged a coup almost three months before the election.

Fidel Castro was an active member of the PPC-O in the late 1940s and early 1950s. He intended to run as a PPC-O candidate for the Cuban parliament prior to Batista's coup.[11][12]

Ideology and platform

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The PPC-O was a centre-left party, open to all that wanted join to it. Generally populist, there were not distinct internal factions or organizations, with all members united by their support of Eduardo Chibás' goals and ideals. The party's composition included several ideological groups ranging from the political centre to the left:

The political program reflected PPC-O's catch-all nature, claiming support for:[13]

The left-wing of the PPC-O had its most influence in the party's youth wing, the Orthodox Youth (Juventud Ortodoxa). A 1948 pamphlet by the Orthodox Youth espoused a Marxist-inspired, democratic socialist platform, but it was also critical of the Soviet-aligned Popular Socialist Party, which upheld Marxism–Leninism.[8]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d "Eduardo Chibás: The Life and Times of a Populist". Novara Media. 2017-04-30. Retrieved 2025-02-05. Chibás left the Partido Revolucionario Cubano (Auténtico) to found his own: the left populist Partido del Pueblo Cubano (The Cuban People's Party) or 'Ortodoxos' [...] The Ortodoxos and the Auténticos were parties that combined centre-left policies with an (economic) nationalist tendency.
  2. ^ "Cuba: socialist paradise or Castro's fiefdom?". Libcom.org. 2006-04-28. Retrieved 2025-02-12. Castro had been a follower of the Partido Ortodoxo which was a nationalist organisation who put their faith in the 1940 constitution.
  3. ^ "Organised Labour and the Cuban Revolution, 1952-1959" (PDF). Institute for the Study of the Americas, University of London. 2012-09-14. Retrieved 2025-02-12. The Partido Ortodoxo (Orthodox Party) also known as the Partido del Pueblo Cubano (Party of the Cuban People). It was founded in 1947 by Eduardo Chibs. Its main platform was opposition to corruption.
  4. ^ Avis, John (2007-10-09). "Che Guevara: Martyr and Revolutionary". the communist.red. UK: The Communist. Retrieved 2025-02-13.
  5. ^ Farber, Samuel (2011). Cuba Since the Revolution of 1959: A Critical Assessment. Haymarket Books. p. 165. ISBN 1608461394. Retrieved 2025-02-13.
  6. ^ Lorenzo, Reinerio (1991). El fracaso de una ideología: quiebra de la ideología burguesa en Cuba. The University of Virginia: Editora Política. Retrieved 2025-02-13.
  7. ^ González, Isel Rousseau (1984). La Sociedad neocolonial cubana: corrientes ideológicas y partidos políticos. University of Virginia. p. 43. Retrieved 2025-02-13.
  8. ^ a b Ramos, Marcos Antonio (2007). Grupo Nelson (ed.). La Cuba de Castro y después...: Entre la historia y la biografía. p. 143. ISBN 9781418582814.
  9. ^ a b "Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz". The Science, Art and Politics Almanac. 2018-10-21. Retrieved 2025-02-13. In 1947, Castro joined a newly founded socialist party, the Party of the Cuban People (Partido Ortodoxo), which had been formed by veteran politician Eduardo Chibás (1907 – 1951). [...] His hopes for Cuba still largely centered around Eduardo Chibás and his left wing Partido Ortodoxo
  10. ^ Doyle, John (2008-02-28). "The romance of revolution, the ruthlessness of a man". theglobeandmail.com. Toronto, ON, Canada: The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on 2025-02-13. Retrieved 2025-02-13. In the 1940s, he joined the left-wing political party Partido Ortodoxo, hoping that he could help free Cuba from its status as a playground for American corporate interests.
  11. ^ Jules Robert Benjamin (1990), The United States and the Origins of the Cuban Revolution, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-02536-0
  12. ^ Castro biography Archived 2007-03-17 at the Wayback Machine
  13. ^ Partido Ortodoxo (1951). Doctrina del Partido Ortodoxo.
  14. ^ Rodríguez Arechavaleta, Carlos M. (2018). Fondo de Cultura Economica (ed.). La democracia republicana en Cuba 1940-1952: Actores, reglas y estrategias electorales. ISBN 9786071654908.
  15. ^ Salgado, Ramón Rodríguez (2007). Editora Política (ed.). Vergüenza Contra Dinero. p. 64. ISBN 9789590108037.


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