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NGC 4216

Coordinates: Sky map 12h 15m 54.3728s, +13° 08′ 58.08″
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NGC 4216
NGC 4216 (center) imaged with a 24-inch telescope. The other two galaxies in the image are NGC 4206 (lower-right) and NGC 4222 (upper-left).
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ConstellationVirgo
Right ascension12h 15m 54.3728s[1]
Declination+13° 08′ 58.08″[1]
Redshift0.000437[1]
Distance55 Mly[2]
Apparent magnitude (V)11.0[1]
Characteristics
TypeSAB(s)b[1]
Apparent size (V)8.1′ × 1.8′[1]
Other designations
VCC 167, HOLM 353A, IRAS 12133+1325, UGC 7284, MCG +02-31-072, PGC 39246, CGCG 069-112[1]

NGC 4216 is a metal-rich[2] intermediate spiral galaxy located not far from the center of the Virgo Cluster[2] of galaxies, roughly 55 million light-years away.[2] It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 17 April 1784.[3]

Physical characteristics

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Seen nearly edge-on, NGC 4216 is one of the largest and brightest spiral galaxies of the Virgo Cluster, with an absolute magnitude that has been estimated to be −22 (i.e.: brighter than the Andromeda Galaxy),[4] and like most spiral galaxies of this cluster shows a deficiency of neutral hydrogen that is concentrated within the galaxy's optical disk and has a low surface density for a galaxy of its type.[5] This explains why NGC 4216 is considered an anemic galaxy by some authors, also with a low star formation activity for a galaxy of its type.[6] In fact, the galaxy's disk shows pillar-like structures that may have been caused by interactions with the intracluster medium of Virgo and/or with nearby galaxies.[7]

In NGC 4216's halo, besides a rich system of globular clusters estimated to number around 700 (nearly five times more than the Milky Way),[4] two stellar streams that are interpreted as two satellite galaxies being disrupted and absorbed by this galaxy are present.[7]

NGC 4216 with SN 2024gy

NGC 4216 seems to be in a place of the Virgo cluster where dwarf galaxies are being destroyed/accreted at a high rate, with it suffering many interactions with these type of galaxies.[8]

One supernova has been observed in NGC 4216: SN 2024gy (type Ia, mag. 16.3) was discovered by Kōichi Itagaki on 4 January 2024.[9]

NGC 4216, along with NGC 4206, NGC 4222, and IC 771, are listed together as Holm 353 in Erik Holmberg's A Study of Double and Multiple Galaxies Together with Inquiries into some General Metagalactic Problems, published in 1937.[10]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g "Results for object NGC 4216". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Retrieved 2006-11-25.
  2. ^ a b c d O'Meara, Stephen James (2007). Deep-Sky Companions: Hidden Treasures. Cambridge University Press. pp. 299–302. ISBN 9780521837040.
  3. ^ Seligman, Courtney. "New General Catalogue Objects: NGC 4216". Celestial Atlas. Retrieved 17 December 2024.
  4. ^ a b "Globular Cluster Systems in Galaxies Beyond the Local Grup". NASA-IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED). Retrieved 2012-07-21.
  5. ^ Chung, A.; Van Gorkom, J.H.; Kenney, J.F.P.; Crowl, Hugh; Vollmer, B. (2009). "VLA Imaging of Virgo Spirals in Atomic Gas (VIVA). I. The Atlas and the H I Properties". The Astronomical Journal. 138 (6): 1741–1816. Bibcode:2009AJ....138.1741C. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1741.
  6. ^ Vollmer, B.; Soida, M.; Beck, R.; Chung, A.; Urbanik, M.; Chyży, K. T.; Otmianowska-Mazur, K.; Kenney, J. D. P. (2013). "Large-scale radio continuum properties of 19 Virgo cluster galaxies. The influence of tidal interactions, ram pressure stripping, and accreting gas envelopes". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 553: 1741–1816. arXiv:1304.1279. Bibcode:2013A&A...553A.116V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321163. S2CID 119190841. A116.
  7. ^ a b "Stellar Tidal Streams in Spiral Galaxies of the Local Volume". Retrieved 2012-07-21.
  8. ^ Paudel, Sanjaya; Duc, Pierre-Alain; Côté, Patrick; Cuillandre, Jean-Charles; et al. (2013). "The Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey. IV. NGC 4216: A Bombarded Spiral in the Virgo Cluster". Astrophysical Journal. 767 (2): 133. arXiv:1302.6611. Bibcode:2013ApJ...767..133P. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/767/2/133. S2CID 118421922. 133.
  9. ^ "SN 2024gy". Transient Name Server. IAU. Retrieved 17 December 2024.
  10. ^ Holmberg, Erik (1937). "A Study of Double and Multiple Galaxies Together with Inquiries into some General Metagalactic Problems". Annals of the Observatory of Lund. 6: 1. Bibcode:1937AnLun...6....1H.
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  • Media related to NGC 4216 at Wikimedia Commons
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