Cricket (insect)

Cricket
	A cricket
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Orthoptera
Suborder:	Ensifera
Superfamily:	Grylloidea
Family:	Gryllidae; Bolívar, 1878

The calling song of a field cricket.

Crickets, family Gryllidae (also known as true crickets), are insects somewhat related to grasshoppers and more closely related to katydids or bush crickets (family Tettigoniidae). They have somewhat flattened bodies and long antennae. There are about 900 species of crickets. They tend to be nocturnal and are often confused with grasshoppers because they have a similar body structure including jumping hind legs.

Cricket chirping

Crickets are known for their chirp (which only male crickets can do; male wings have ridges or "teeth" that act like a "comb and file" instrument). The left forewing has a thick rib (a modified vein) which bears 50 to 300 "teeth". The chirp is made by raising their left forewing to a 45 degree angle and rubbing it against the upper hind edge of the right forewing, which has a thick scraper (Berenbaum 1995). This sound producing action is called "stridulation" and the song is species-specific. There are two types of cricket songs: a calling song and a courting song. The calling song attracts females and repels other males, and is fairly loud.

Jurassic chirp reconstructed

Night-time in the Jurassic included the sound of chirping bush crickets. This is according to scientists who have reconstructed the song of a cricket that chirped 165 million years ago. "A remarkably complete fossil of the prehistoric insect enabled the team to see the structures in its wings that rubbed together to make the sound".^[1]^[2]

References

↑ Gill, Victoria 2012. Jurassic cricket's song recreated. BBC Nature. [1] Archived 2012-02-07 at the Wayback Machine
↑ Jun-Ji Gu et al. 2012. Wing stridulation in a Jurassic katydid (Insecta, Orthoptera) produced low-pitched musical calls to attract females. PNAS [2] Archived 2012-02-10 at the Wayback Machine

Other websites

Archived 2007-10-13 at the Wayback Machine drawings and activities

[3] Archived 2010-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
The cricket suicide (video) Archived 2009-09-03 at the Wayback Machine
Singing Insects of North America Archived 2008-12-22 at the Wayback Machine An online field guide

[1] Gill, Victoria 2012. Jurassic cricket's song recreated. BBC Nature. [1] Archived 2012-02-07 at the Wayback Machine

[2] Jun-Ji Gu et al. 2012. Wing stridulation in a Jurassic katydid (Insecta, Orthoptera) produced low-pitched musical calls to attract females. PNAS [2] Archived 2012-02-10 at the Wayback Machine

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