National Institutes of Health
National Institutes of Health (NIH) er en institusjon under USAs helse- og omsorgsdepartement og er ansvarlig for USAs føderale innsats innen biomedisinsk og helserelatert forskning. NIH har (per 2023) av 27 underliggende enheter, som kalles enten institutter eller sentre.[2] NIHs forløper ble etablert i 1887 som Laboratory of Hygiene. Det vokste og ble i 1930 reorganisert til National Institutes of Health.
| National Institutes of Health | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| NIH | |||
 | |||
 | |||
| Type | Føderalt byrå,[1] forskningssenter,[1] organisasjon, etat, informasjonssystem | ||
| Virkeområde | USA | ||
| Etablert | 1887, 1930 | ||
| Hovedkontor | Bethesda | ||
| Underlagt | Helse- og omsorgsdepartementet | ||
| Ansatte | 18 646 (1. oktober 2013)[1] | ||
| Nettsted | www.nih.gov (en) | ||
 National Institutes of Health 38°59′51″N 77°06′07″V | |||
I 2003 var NIH ansvarlig for 28 %, eller om lag 28 milliarder[3] US dollar, av USAs totale biomedisinske forskningsbeløp; resten kom fra farmasøytisk industri.
Liste over underliggende enheter
redigerEnhetene er sortert kronologisk etter hvilket år de ble etablert[3]:
Institutter
rediger- National Cancer Institute (NCI) – etablert i 1937
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) – etablert i 1948
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) – etablert i 1948
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) – etablert i 1948
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) – etablert i 1949
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDKK) – etablert i 1950
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) – etablert i 1950
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) – etablert i 1962
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) – etablert i 1962
- National Eye Institute (NEI) – etablert i 1968
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) – etablert i 1969
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) – etablert i 1970
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) – etablert i 1974
- National Institute on Aging (NIA) – etablert i 1974
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) – etablert i 1986
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) – etablert i 1988
- National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) – etablert i 1989
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) – etablert i 1999
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) – etablert i 2000
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) – etablert i 2010
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) – etablert i 2011
Sentre
rediger- Center for Scientific Review (CSR) — etablert i 1946
- NIH Clinical Center (CC) — etablert i 1953
- Center for Information Technology (CIT) — etablert i 1964
- Fogarty International Center (FIC) — etablert i 1968
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) — etablert i 1999
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) — etablert i 2011
Referanser
rediger- ^ a b c Sara Reardon (1. oktober 2013). «NIH campus endures slow decay» (PDF). Nature. 502 (7471): 279-280. PMID 24132264. doi:10.1038/502279A. Wikidata Q46227622.
- ^ «Organization». National Institutes of Health (NIH) (på engelsk). 31. oktober 2014. Besøkt 10. august 2023. «The National Institutes of Health is made up of 27 different components called Institutes and Centers. Each has its own specific research agenda, often focusing on particular diseases or body systems. All but three of these components receive their funding directly from Congress, and administrate their own budgets. NIH leadership plays an active role in shaping the agency's research planning, activities, and outlook.»
- ^ a b «List of Institutes and Centers». National Institutes of Health (NIH) (på engelsk). 12. juli 2023. Besøkt 10. august 2023.
Eksterne lenker
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