Ambang keaslian

Ambang keaslian ialah konsep dalam undang-undang hak cipta yang digunakan untuk menilai sama ada sesuatu karya tertentu boleh berhak cipta.^[1]^[2] Ia digunakan untuk membezakan karya yang cukup asal untuk menjamin perlindungan hak cipta daripada yang tidak. Dalam konteks ini, "keaslian" merujuk kepada "datang dari seseorang sebagai pencetus/pengarang" (sejauh mana ia mencerminkan keperibadian penulis), daripada "tidak pernah terjadi atau wujud sebelum" (yang akan memberi perlindungan kepada sesuatu yang baru, seperti dalam perlindungan paten).^[3]

Hak cipta mendapati persamaan antarabangsa dalam Konvensyen Berne yang mewujudkan asas beberapa konsep undang-undang hak cipta antarabangsa, namun ambang untuk menarik hak cipta tidak ditakrifkan.^[4]^[5] Ambang ini bergantung kepada setiap bidang kuasa untuk menentukan. Walaupun kerja yang tidak memenuhi ambang ini tidak layak untuk perlindungan hak cipta, mereka mungkin masih layak untuk dilindungi melalui undang-undang harta intelek lain, seperti tanda niaga atau paten reka bentuk (khususnya dalam kes logo).^[6]

Rujukan

^ Vaver, David (1997). Intellectual property law: copyright, patents, trade-marks. Irwin Law. m/s. 54–55. ISBN 978-1-55221-007-9. As cited in Perry, Mark; Margoni, Thomas (2010-07-26). "From Music Tracks to Google Maps: Who Owns Computer Generated Works?". SSRN: 9. SSRN 1647584. Cite journal requires |journal= (bantuan)
^ Vaver, D.: Creating a Fair Intellectual Property System for the 21st Century, p. . F.W. Guest Memorial Lecture: July 19, 2000. Otago Law Review, vol 10(1), 2001. URL retrieved 2011-01-11.
^ Definitions taken from Webster's new universal unabridged dictionary,
^ Jeong, Sarah (April 13, 2018). "The monkey selfie lawsuit lives". The Verge. Dicapai pada April 13, 2018.
^ "Monkey selfie: warring parties reach settlement over court case". The Guardian. 12 September 2017. Dicapai pada 4 November 2017.
^ Frankel, Susy (October 2005). "The Copyright and Privacy Nexus" (PDF). Victoria University of Wellington Law Review (36): 518. Dicapai pada 9 January 2011.

Bacaan lanjut

Justin Hughes: The Philosophy of Intellectual Property in: Georgetown Law Journal, Vol. 77, 1988, pp. 6–28
Peter Drahos: A Philosophy of Intellectual Property, Dartmouth Publishing, 1996, ISBN 1855212404
Elizabeth F. Judge/Daniel Gervais: Of Silos and Constellations: Comparing Notions of Originality in Copyright Law, in: Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal, Vol. 27, 2009, pp. 375–408, (PDF version).
Orit Fischman Afori: The Role of the Non-Functionality Requirement in Design Law, in: Fordham Intellectual Property, Media & Entertainment Law Journal, Vol. 20:3, 2010 pp. 847–874, (PDF version).
Eva E. Subotnik: Originality Proxies: Toward a Theory of Copyright and Creativity., in: Brooklyn Law Review, Vol. 76:4, 2010, pp. 1552.
Carys J. Craig: Copyright, Communication and Culture: Towards a Relational Theory of Copyright Law, Edward Elgar Publishing, ISBN 0857933523.
Estelle Derclaye: Wonderful or worrisome? The impact of the ECJ ruling in infopaq on UK Copyright law. in: EIPR Vol. 5, 2010, pp. 247-251.
Annabelle Lever (ed.): New Frontiers in the Philosophy of Intellectual Property, Cambridge University Press, 2012, ISBN 1107009316

Pautan luar

U.S. Copyright Office: Compendium of Office Practices III. URL last accessed 2017-03-01.

[1] Vaver, David (1997). Intellectual property law: copyright, patents, trade-marks. Irwin Law. m/s. 54–55. ISBN 978-1-55221-007-9. As cited in Perry, Mark; Margoni, Thomas (2010-07-26). "From Music Tracks to Google Maps: Who Owns Computer Generated Works?". SSRN: 9. SSRN 1647584. Cite journal requires |journal= (bantuan)

[vaver2000-2] Vaver, D.: Creating a Fair Intellectual Property System for the 21st Century, p. . F.W. Guest Memorial Lecture: July 19, 2000. Otago Law Review, vol 10(1), 2001. URL retrieved 2011-01-11.

[3] Definitions taken from Webster's new universal unabridged dictionary,

[4] Jeong, Sarah (April 13, 2018). "The monkey selfie lawsuit lives". The Verge. Dicapai pada April 13, 2018.

[The_Guardian_12_Sep_2017-5] "Monkey selfie: warring parties reach settlement over court case". The Guardian. 12 September 2017. Dicapai pada 4 November 2017.

[Frankel-6] Frankel, Susy (October 2005). "The Copyright and Privacy Nexus" (PDF). Victoria University of Wellington Law Review (36): 518. Dicapai pada 9 January 2011.

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