umlaut

Borrowed from German Umlaut in the 19^th century, from um- or um (“around, re-, trans-”) + Laut (“sound”), from Old High German hlūt. More at loud.

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈʊm.laʊt/, /ˈʌmlaʊt/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈʊm.laʊt/, /ˈumlaʊt/

• Audio (General American):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aʊt
• Hyphenation: um‧laut

umlaut (plural umlauts or umlaute)

1. (linguistics) An assimilatory process whereby a vowel is pronounced more like a following vocoid that is separated by one or more consonants.
   • 1997, Matthew Piepenburg, Time and the Maiden, →ISBN, page 62:

     In fits of concealed despair that went unnoticed even by those close enough to touch, Julien cursed the language of umlauts, eszetts, and gerunds.

   • 2008, Roy Blount, Alphabet juice: the energies, gists, and spirits of letters:

     A tittle is more or less the same thing (the dot over an i, for instance), except that it can be traced back to Medieval Latin for a little mark over or under a letter, such as an accent ague or a cedilla. I don't know whether an umlaut is one or two tittles. Maybe it's a jot and a tittle side by side.

2. (linguistics) The umlaut process (as above) that occurred historically in Germanic languages whereby back vowels became front vowels when followed by syllable containing a front vocoid (e.g. Germanic lūsiz > Old English lȳs(i) > Modern English lice).
3. (linguistics) A vowel so assimilated.
5. (orthography) The diacritical mark ( ¨ ) placed over a vowel when it indicates a (rounded) front vowel
7. (informal, orthography) Synonym of diaeresis

   "Naïve" takes an umlaut because it is pronounced as two syllables.

• Although this symbol has the same form as the diaeresis, it has a different function and so in standard and technical usage these two terms are not interchangeable. The term for the diacritic mark, as opposed to its function, is trema.
• When spelling a German word out loud, one can say “(vowel) umlaut” or “umlauted (vowel)”. e.g. “o umlaut” or “umlauted o” (ö). (German practice is to say “o Umlaut”, or more commonly to pronounce the letters, so the name of "Ö" is [øː], just as "A" is [aː] and "B" is [beː].) In the North of Germany, "ä" and "e" are pronounced identically; therefore, one would tend to say "a Umlaut" to avoid confusion.
• In alphabetic orders, "ä, ö, ü" are treated as "a, o, u" or "ae, oe, ue" in German (so the word lügen comes directly after or before the word lugen). In other languages, such as Swedish, the umlaut letters may have their own position in the alphabet.
• The usual English plural is umlauts, but the form umlaute (after the German) has seen some use. It is quite rare, however.

• (orthography): trema
• (linguistics): vowel mutation

• heavy metal umlaut

• vowel harmony

umlaut (third-person singular simple present umlauts, present participle umlauting, simple past and past participle umlauted)

1. (transitive) To place an umlaut over (a vowel).
   • 1989, Elizabeth A. Edwards, “A Computer Column for All Seasons”, in Margaret S. Boone, editor, Practicing Anthropology, volume 11, number 2:

     We kept some of the foreign alphabet symbols such as the accented and umlauted vowels and Greek letters and used the rest of the space for more esoteric linguistic symbols such as "barred-l," and "engma."

2. (linguistics, transitive) To modify (a word) so that an umlaut is required in it.

   an umlauting vowel

   • 1980, Frederick B. Agard, The Genealogy of the French Language, published in Contributions to historical linguistics, →ISBN, page 222:

     These, together with (some) Romansh lects, belong to our West Rhaetian; the /ȫ/ also supported by two lects from the Ticino which by our criteria are NWIt, and by the partially umlauting lects of Lombardy which together with (some) Engadine lects belong to our East Rhaetian.

• diaeresis, dieresis

• umlaut on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

• mutual

From German Umlaut.

• IPA^(key): /ˈum.lɑu̯t/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: um‧laut

umlaut m (plural umlauten)

1. (Germanic grammar) umlaut

• umlautsfactor

From German Umlaut.

• IPA^(key): /ˈumlɑut/, [ˈumlɑ̝ut̪]
• Rhymes: -umlɑut
• Syllabification^(key): um‧la‧ut

umlaut

1. umlaut (the diacritical mark ( ¨ ) placed over various vowels: a > ä, o > ö or u > ü in German and some closely related languages)

Inflection of umlaut (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative		umlaut	umlautit
genitive		umlautin	umlautien
partitive		umlautia	umlauteja
illative		umlautiin	umlauteihin
		singular	plural
nominative		umlaut	umlautit
accusative	nom.	umlaut	umlautit
	gen.	umlautin
genitive		umlautin	umlautien
partitive		umlautia	umlauteja
inessive		umlautissa	umlauteissa
elative		umlautista	umlauteista
illative		umlautiin	umlauteihin
adessive		umlautilla	umlauteilla
ablative		umlautilta	umlauteilta
allative		umlautille	umlauteille
essive		umlautina	umlauteina
translative		umlautiksi	umlauteiksi
abessive		umlautitta	umlauteitta
instructive		—	umlautein
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of umlaut (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative umlautini umlautini accusative nom. umlautini umlautini gen. umlautini genitive umlautini umlautieni partitive umlautiani umlautejani inessive umlautissani umlauteissani elative umlautistani umlauteistani illative umlautiini umlauteihini adessive umlautillani umlauteillani ablative umlautiltani umlauteiltani allative umlautilleni umlauteilleni essive umlautinani umlauteinani translative umlautikseni umlauteikseni abessive umlautittani umlauteittani instructive — — comitative — umlauteineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative umlautisi umlautisi accusative nom. umlautisi umlautisi gen. umlautisi genitive umlautisi umlautiesi partitive umlautiasi umlautejasi inessive umlautissasi umlauteissasi elative umlautistasi umlauteistasi illative umlautiisi umlauteihisi adessive umlautillasi umlauteillasi ablative umlautiltasi umlauteiltasi allative umlautillesi umlauteillesi essive umlautinasi umlauteinasi translative umlautiksesi umlauteiksesi abessive umlautittasi umlauteittasi instructive — — comitative — umlauteinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative umlautimme umlautimme accusative nom. umlautimme umlautimme gen. umlautimme genitive umlautimme umlautiemme partitive umlautiamme umlautejamme inessive umlautissamme umlauteissamme elative umlautistamme umlauteistamme illative umlautiimme umlauteihimme adessive umlautillamme umlauteillamme ablative umlautiltamme umlauteiltamme allative umlautillemme umlauteillemme essive umlautinamme umlauteinamme translative umlautiksemme umlauteiksemme abessive umlautittamme umlauteittamme instructive — — comitative — umlauteinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative umlautinne umlautinne accusative nom. umlautinne umlautinne gen. umlautinne genitive umlautinne umlautienne partitive umlautianne umlautejanne inessive umlautissanne umlauteissanne elative umlautistanne umlauteistanne illative umlautiinne umlauteihinne adessive umlautillanne umlauteillanne ablative umlautiltanne umlauteiltanne allative umlautillenne umlauteillenne essive umlautinanne umlauteinanne translative umlautiksenne umlauteiksenne abessive umlautittanne umlauteittanne instructive — — comitative — umlauteinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative umlautinsa umlautinsa accusative nom. umlautinsa umlautinsa gen. umlautinsa genitive umlautinsa umlautiensa partitive umlautiaan umlautiansa umlautejaan umlautejansa inessive umlautissaan umlautissansa umlauteissaan umlauteissansa elative umlautistaan umlautistansa umlauteistaan umlauteistansa illative umlautiinsa umlauteihinsa adessive umlautillaan umlautillansa umlauteillaan umlauteillansa ablative umlautiltaan umlautiltansa umlauteiltaan umlauteiltansa allative umlautilleen umlautillensa umlauteilleen umlauteillensa essive umlautinaan umlautinansa umlauteinaan umlauteinansa translative umlautikseen umlautiksensa umlauteikseen umlauteiksensa abessive umlautittaan umlautittansa umlauteittaan umlauteittansa instructive — — comitative — umlauteineen umlauteinensa

• vokaalinmukaus

• muulta

From English umlaut, from German Umlaut in the 19^th century, from um- or um (“around, re-, trans-”) + Laut (“sound”).

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /umˈlaut/ [umˈla.ʊt̪̚]
• Rhymes: -aut
• Syllabification: um‧laut

umlaut

1. umlaut (partial assimilation of a vowel)
2. umlaut (vowel so assimilated)
3. umlaut (diacritical mark)

• ablaut

• “umlaut” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

From German Umlaut.

umlaut m (genitive singular umlaut, plural umlautyn)

1. (linguistics, orthography) umlaut

Borrowed from German Umlaut.

• IPA^(key): /ˈum.lawt/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -umlawt
• Syllabification: um‧laut

umlaut m inan

1. (phonology) umlaut (the partial assimilation of vowels in some Germanic languages)
2. umlaut (diacritical mark)

• umlaut in Polish dictionaries at PWN

umlaut m (plural umlauts)

1. (linguistics) umlaut (the partial assimilation of a vowel in Germanic languages)
2. (orthography) umlaut (the diacritical mark ¨ used to indicate such assimilation)

Borrowed from German Umlaut.

umlaut n (uncountable)

1. umlaut