sirat

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Hungarian

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Etymology

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sír (“to weep, cry”) +‎ -at (causative suffix)

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈʃirɒt]
  • Hyphenation: si‧rat
  • Rhymes: -ɒt

Verb

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sirat

  1. (transitive) to bewail, lament, mourn, grieve

Usage notes

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Even though this verb has a causative suffix on the verb sír (“to weep, cry”), it doesn’t mean “to make someone cry”; instead, (meg)ríkat can be used in this sense.

Conjugation

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conjugation of sirat
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal


Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. siratok siratsz sirat siratunk sirattok siratnak
Def. siratom siratod siratja siratjuk siratjátok siratják
2nd-p. o. siratlak ―
Past Indef. sirattam sirattál siratott sirattunk sirattatok sirattak
Def. sirattam sirattad siratta sirattuk sirattátok siratták
2nd-p. o. sirattalak ―
Future Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. siratni fog.
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. siraték siratál sirata siratánk siratátok siratának
Def. siratám siratád siratá siratánk siratátok siraták
2nd-p. o. siratálak ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. sirat vala, siratott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. siratandok siratandasz siratand siratandunk siratandotok siratandanak
Def. siratandom siratandod siratandja siratandjuk siratandjátok siratandják
2nd-p. o. siratandalak ―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. siratnék siratnál siratna siratnánk siratnátok siratnának
Def. siratnám siratnád siratná siratnánk
(or siratnók) 		siratnátok siratnák
2nd-p. o. siratnálak ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. siratott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. sirassak sirass or
sirassál 		sirasson sirassunk sirassatok sirassanak
Def. sirassam sirasd or
sirassad 		sirassa sirassuk sirassátok sirassák
2nd-p. o. sirassalak ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. siratott légyen
Infinitive siratni siratnom siratnod siratnia siratnunk siratnotok siratniuk
Other
forms 		Verbal noun Present part. Past part. Future part. Adverbial participle Causative
siratás sirató siratott siratandó siratva (siratván) sirattat
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular
(and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).
potential conjugation of sirat
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. sirathatok sirathatsz sirathat sirathatunk sirathattok sirathatnak
Def. sirathatom sirathatod sirathatja sirathatjuk sirathatjátok sirathatják
2nd-p. o. sirathatlak ―
Past Indef. sirathattam sirathattál sirathatott sirathattunk sirathattatok sirathattak
Def. sirathattam sirathattad sirathatta sirathattuk sirathattátok sirathatták
2nd-p. o. sirathattalak ―
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. sirathaték sirathatál sirathata sirathatánk sirathatátok sirathatának
Def. sirathatám sirathatád sirathatá sirathatánk sirathatátok sirathaták
2nd-p. o. sirathatálak ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. sirathat vala, sirathatott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. sirathatandok
or siratandhatok 		sirathatandasz
or siratandhatsz 		sirathatand
or siratandhat 		sirathatandunk
or siratandhatunk 		sirathatandotok
or siratandhattok 		sirathatandanak
or siratandhatnak
Def. sirathatandom
or siratandhatom 		sirathatandod
or siratandhatod 		sirathatandja
or siratandhatja 		sirathatandjuk
or siratandhatjuk 		sirathatandjátok
or siratandhatjátok 		sirathatandják
or siratandhatják
2nd-p. o. sirathatandalak
or siratandhatlak 		―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. sirathatnék sirathatnál sirathatna sirathatnánk sirathatnátok sirathatnának
Def. sirathatnám sirathatnád sirathatná sirathatnánk
(or sirathatnók) 		sirathatnátok sirathatnák
2nd-p. o. sirathatnálak ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. sirathatott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. sirathassak sirathass or
sirathassál 		sirathasson sirathassunk sirathassatok sirathassanak
Def. sirathassam sirathasd or
sirathassad 		sirathassa sirathassuk sirathassátok sirathassák
2nd-p. o. sirathassalak ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. sirathatott légyen
Inf. (sirathatni) (sirathatnom) (sirathatnod) (sirathatnia) (sirathatnunk) (sirathatnotok) (sirathatniuk)
Positive adjective siratható Neg. adj. sirathatatlan Adv. part. (sirathatva / sirathatván)

Derived terms

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(With verbal prefixes):

Further reading

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  • sirat in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Swedish

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from German Zierrat. Cognate of Dutch sieraad.

Noun

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sirat c

  1. ornament, decoration
Declension
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Declension of sirat
nominative genitive
singular indefinite sirat sirats
definite siraten siratens
plural indefinite sirater siraters
definite siraterna siraternas
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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sirat

  1. supine of sira

Adjective

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sirat

  1. indefinite neuter singular of sirad

References

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