kaulata
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Finnish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Verb
[edit]kaulata
- To girdle a tree
Conjugation
[edit]| Inflection of kaulata (Kotus type 73/salata, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kaulaan | en kaulaa | 1st sing. | olen kaulannut | en ole kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kaulaat | et kaulaa | 2nd sing. | olet kaulannut | et ole kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kaulaa | ei kaulaa | 3rd sing. | on kaulannut | ei ole kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kaulaamme | emme kaulaa | 1st plur. | olemme kaulanneet | emme ole kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kaulaatte | ette kaulaa | 2nd plur. | olette kaulanneet | ette ole kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kaulaavat | eivät kaulaa | 3rd plur. | ovat kaulanneet | eivät ole kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kaulataan | ei kaulata | passive | on kaulattu | ei ole kaulattu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kaulasin | en kaulannut | 1st sing. | olin kaulannut | en ollut kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kaulasit | et kaulannut | 2nd sing. | olit kaulannut | et ollut kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kaulasi | ei kaulannut | 3rd sing. | oli kaulannut | ei ollut kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kaulasimme | emme kaulanneet | 1st plur. | olimme kaulanneet | emme olleet kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kaulasitte | ette kaulanneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kaulanneet | ette olleet kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kaulasivat | eivät kaulanneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kaulanneet | eivät olleet kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kaulattiin | ei kaulattu | passive | oli kaulattu | ei ollut kaulattu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kaulaisin | en kaulaisi | 1st sing. | olisin kaulannut | en olisi kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kaulaisit | et kaulaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kaulannut | et olisi kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kaulaisi | ei kaulaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kaulannut | ei olisi kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kaulaisimme | emme kaulaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kaulanneet | emme olisi kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kaulaisitte | ette kaulaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kaulanneet | ette olisi kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kaulaisivat | eivät kaulaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kaulanneet | eivät olisi kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kaulattaisiin | ei kaulattaisi | passive | olisi kaulattu | ei olisi kaulattu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kaulaa | älä kaulaa | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kaulatkoon | älköön kaulatko | 3rd sing. | olkoon kaulannut | älköön olko kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kaulatkaamme | älkäämme kaulatko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kaulatkaa | älkää kaulatko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kaulatkoot | älkööt kaulatko | 3rd plur. | olkoot kaulanneet | älkööt olko kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kaulattakoon | älköön kaulattako | passive | olkoon kaulattu | älköön olko kaulattu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kaulannen | en kaulanne | 1st sing. | lienen kaulannut | en liene kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kaulannet | et kaulanne | 2nd sing. | lienet kaulannut | et liene kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kaulannee | ei kaulanne | 3rd sing. | lienee kaulannut | ei liene kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kaulannemme | emme kaulanne | 1st plur. | lienemme kaulanneet | emme liene kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kaulannette | ette kaulanne | 2nd plur. | lienette kaulanneet | ette liene kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kaulannevat | eivät kaulanne | 3rd plur. | lienevät kaulanneet | eivät liene kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kaulattaneen | ei kaulattane | passive | lienee kaulattu | ei liene kaulattu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | kaulata | present | kaulaava | kaulattava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | kaulannut | kaulattu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | kaulatessa | kaulattaessa | agent4 | kaulaama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | kaulaamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | kaulaten | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | kaulaamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | kaulaamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | kaulaamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | kaulaamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | kaulaamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | kaulaaman | kaulattaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | kaulaaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “kaulata”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from Swedish kavla. See kavel.
Verb
[edit]kaulata
- To mangle linen in order to even them out, not to dry them
Conjugation
[edit]| Inflection of kaulata (Kotus type 73/salata, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kaulaan | en kaulaa | 1st sing. | olen kaulannut | en ole kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kaulaat | et kaulaa | 2nd sing. | olet kaulannut | et ole kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kaulaa | ei kaulaa | 3rd sing. | on kaulannut | ei ole kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kaulaamme | emme kaulaa | 1st plur. | olemme kaulanneet | emme ole kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kaulaatte | ette kaulaa | 2nd plur. | olette kaulanneet | ette ole kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kaulaavat | eivät kaulaa | 3rd plur. | ovat kaulanneet | eivät ole kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kaulataan | ei kaulata | passive | on kaulattu | ei ole kaulattu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kaulasin | en kaulannut | 1st sing. | olin kaulannut | en ollut kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kaulasit | et kaulannut | 2nd sing. | olit kaulannut | et ollut kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kaulasi | ei kaulannut | 3rd sing. | oli kaulannut | ei ollut kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kaulasimme | emme kaulanneet | 1st plur. | olimme kaulanneet | emme olleet kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kaulasitte | ette kaulanneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kaulanneet | ette olleet kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kaulasivat | eivät kaulanneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kaulanneet | eivät olleet kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kaulattiin | ei kaulattu | passive | oli kaulattu | ei ollut kaulattu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kaulaisin | en kaulaisi | 1st sing. | olisin kaulannut | en olisi kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kaulaisit | et kaulaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kaulannut | et olisi kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kaulaisi | ei kaulaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kaulannut | ei olisi kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kaulaisimme | emme kaulaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kaulanneet | emme olisi kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kaulaisitte | ette kaulaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kaulanneet | ette olisi kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kaulaisivat | eivät kaulaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kaulanneet | eivät olisi kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kaulattaisiin | ei kaulattaisi | passive | olisi kaulattu | ei olisi kaulattu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kaulaa | älä kaulaa | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kaulatkoon | älköön kaulatko | 3rd sing. | olkoon kaulannut | älköön olko kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kaulatkaamme | älkäämme kaulatko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kaulatkaa | älkää kaulatko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kaulatkoot | älkööt kaulatko | 3rd plur. | olkoot kaulanneet | älkööt olko kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kaulattakoon | älköön kaulattako | passive | olkoon kaulattu | älköön olko kaulattu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kaulannen | en kaulanne | 1st sing. | lienen kaulannut | en liene kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kaulannet | et kaulanne | 2nd sing. | lienet kaulannut | et liene kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kaulannee | ei kaulanne | 3rd sing. | lienee kaulannut | ei liene kaulannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kaulannemme | emme kaulanne | 1st plur. | lienemme kaulanneet | emme liene kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kaulannette | ette kaulanne | 2nd plur. | lienette kaulanneet | ette liene kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kaulannevat | eivät kaulanne | 3rd plur. | lienevät kaulanneet | eivät liene kaulanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kaulattaneen | ei kaulattane | passive | lienee kaulattu | ei liene kaulattu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | kaulata | present | kaulaava | kaulattava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | kaulannut | kaulattu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | kaulatessa | kaulattaessa | agent4 | kaulaama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | kaulaamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | kaulaten | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | kaulaamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | kaulaamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | kaulaamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | kaulaamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | kaulaamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | kaulaaman | kaulattaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | kaulaaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN