familia

From Latin familia.

familia

1. (biology, taxonomy) A category in the classification of organisms, ranking below ordo and above genus.
2. (taxonomy) A taxon at this rank.

Learned borrowing from Latin familia (“family”). Doublet of family.

• IPA^(key): /fəˈmɪlɪə/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Homophone: familiar (some non-rhotic accents)

familia (plural familiae)

1. (historical) A household or religious community under one head, regarded as a unit.
   • 2007, Ada I. Engebrigtsen, Exploring Gypsiness, page 117:

     Joska's elder brother Phuro was, however, seen as the leader of his familia. As one of the oldest males in the hamlet, with a familia that consisted of sons, bora and sons-in-law, Phuro's position as head of his familia was given by his age and by his authority as father.

2. (Roman law) The paterfamilias, his legitimate descendants and their wives, all persons adopted into his family and their wives, and all slaves belonging to the household.

From Latin familia.

• IPA^(key): /faˈmilja/
• Rhymes: -ilja
• Syllabification: fa‧mi‧lia

familia f (plural familias)

1. family

Borrowed from Latin familia.

• IPA^(key): /faˈmilja/, [faˈmi.lja]
• Rhymes: -ilja
• Hyphenation: fa‧mi‧lia

familia f (plural families)

1. family

Borrowed from Spanish familia.

• IPA^(key): /familia/ [fa.mi.li.a]
• Rhymes: -ia
• Hyphenation: fa‧mi‧li‧a

familia anim

1. family, lineage

   Synonym: sendi

• “familia”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
• “familia”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Borrowed from Spanish familia

familia

1. family

From Spanish familia.

familia

1. family

From familio (“family”) +‎ -a (suffix indicating an adjective).

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): [famiˈlia]
• Rhymes: -ia
• Hyphenation: fa‧mi‧li‧a

familia (accusative singular familian, plural familiaj, accusative plural familiajn)

1. familial; family (attributively)

• família (reintegrationist)

Learned borrowing from Latin familia.

• IPA^(key): /faˈmilja/ [faˈmi.ljɐ]
• Rhymes: -ilja
• Hyphenation: fa‧mi‧lia

familia f (plural familias)

1. family

• “familia”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024

familia (first-person possessive familiaku, second-person possessive familiamu, third-person possessive familianya)

1. family

Borrowed from Russian фамилия (familija).

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈfɑmiliɑ/, [ˈfɑmiˌlʲiɑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈfɑmilʲiɑ/, [ˈfɑmiˌlʲiɑ]
• Rhymes: -iɑ
• Hyphenation: fa‧mi‧li‧a

familia

1. Synonym of sukunimi

Declension of familia (type 3/kana, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	familia	familiat
genitive	familian	familioin
partitive	familiaa	familioja
illative	familiaa	familioi
inessive	familias	familiois
elative	familiast	familioist
allative	familialle	familioille
adessive	familial	familioil
ablative	familialt	familioilt
translative	familiaks	familioiks
essive	familianna, familiaan	familioinna, familioin
exessive1)	familiant	familioint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 38

• IPA^(key): /faˈmi.lja/

familia (plural familias)

1. family

familia f (plural families)

1. family

From Proto-Italic *fameljā (“of the house → household”), from earlier *θameljā.

In view of the semantic shift illustrated in the cognates, famulus (“servant, slave”) (with Oscan 𐌚𐌀𐌌𐌄𐌋 (famel, “servile”)) is probably a backformation from it and not the other way around. From Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁-m-eló-m (“fundament”), from *dʰeh₁- (“to do, put, place”). Cognate with Sanskrit धामन् (dhāman, “order; dwelling-place, temple; family”), Ancient Greek θεμέλιος (themélios, “of the foundation”), θέμις (thémis, “justice, law”).

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /faˈmi.li.a/, [fäˈmɪlʲiä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /faˈmi.li.a/, [fäˈmiːliä]

familia f (genitive familiae); first declension

1. a household (all persons subject to the control of one man (whether relations, freedmen or slaves))
2. the slaves of a household, servants
3. a group of slaves stationed in one place; a brigade, gang (used for some purpose)
   1. one's personal retinue
4. a family, kin (a group of people closely related to one another)

   Synonym: domus

   • Vulgate, Genesis 10.32:

     Hae familiae Nōē iū̆xtā populōs et nātiōnēs suās. Ab hīs dīvīsae sunt gentēs in Terrā post dīluvium.

     These are the families of Noah, according to their peoples and tribes. From them split the nations on Earth after the deluge.

5. an intellectual school (e.g., of philosophy)

   Synonym: domus

6. (law) an estate (sometimes distinct from pecūnia and possibly restricted to rēs mancipī)

According to Richard Saller, “[f]amilia was never used to mean ‘father, mother and children’ in our sense of ‘family’ today. It did have a technical, legal usage akin to ‘family’, but in common parlance most often meant ‘slave staff’, exclusive of the master's family.... The usual word for ‘family’ in the classical period was domus, which carried the general sense of ‘household’ including domestic slaves.”^[1]

First-declension noun.

The older genitive singular familiās is frequent in the expression pater familiās and the similar expressions with fīlius, māter, and fīlia as the first element.

• gēns

Borrowings

• “familia” on page 740 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “famulus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 200

• “familia”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “familia”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• familia in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• familia in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • a sect, school of thought: schola, disciplina, familia; secta
    
  • a theatrical company: familia, grex, caterva histrionum
    
  • a band, troupe of gladiators under the management of a lanista: familia gladiatoria (Sest. 64. 134)
    
• “familia”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “familia”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

• IPA^(key): /faˈmilja/, [faˈmi.lja]
• Rhymes: -ilja
• Hyphenation: fa‧mi‧lia

familia f (plural familias)

1. family

• familia at the Diccionario Castellano-Leonés / Leonés-Castellano.
• familia at the Pallabeiru Llïonés.

From Italian famiglia, from Latin familia (“family; household”).

familia f

1. family

• “familia” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.

• famielija (Near Masovia)

Learned borrowing from Latin familia.

• IPA^(key): /faˈmi.lja/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ilja
• Syllabification: fa‧mi‧lia

familia f (diminutive familijka, augmentative (dialectal) famuła, related adjective familijny)

1. (dated) family

   Synonym: rodzina

• familia in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• familia in Polish dictionaries at PWN

familia f (plural familias)

1. Obsolete spelling of família.

• IPA^(key): [faˈmi.li.a]

familia f

1. definite singular nominative/accusative of familie

Borrowed from Latin familia.

• IPA^(key): /faˈmilja/ [faˈmi.lja]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ilja
• Syllabification: fa‧mi‧lia

familia f (plural familias)

1. family (a nuclear family)
2. family (a grouping of things possessing common characteristics)

• familia política

• → Cebuano: pamilya
• → Chamorro: familia
• → Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl: familia
• → Ilocano: pamilia
• → Tagalog: pamilya
• → Waray-Waray: pamilya

• “familia”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28

Borrowed from Portuguese família,^[1] ultimately from Latin familia.

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

familia (n class, plural familia)

1. family

   Synonym: ayali

2. (taxonomy) family