effundo

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Latin

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Etymology

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From ex- (“out of”) +‎ fundō (“pour”).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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effundō (present infinitive effundere, perfect active effūdī, supine effūsum); third conjugation

  1. (of liquids) to pour out, shed, spread abroad, drain off
    Synonyms: confundō, fundō, diffundō, dēfundō, differō, indūcō, sternō, dissipō
    Eheu! Ego aquam effundo ― Alas! I pour out the water.
  2. to pour, drive, cast or send out, shower, discharge
    Synonyms: ēmittō, prōdō, ēdō
  3. (reflexive or passive voice) to give oneself up to, yield to, indulge in
  4. to lavish, squander, expend, waste, run through
    Synonyms: abutor, perdō, conterō, cōnsūmō, dissipō
  5. to cast away, give up, let go, dismiss, resign
    Synonyms: dedō, reddō, decedō, omittō, destituō, cedō
  6. to relax, loosen, slacken, let go
  7. (of soldiers) to be scattered, dispersed
  8. to unbind, unlink, release
    Synonyms: ēmittō, distrahō, absolvō

Conjugation

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   Conjugation of effundō (third conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present effundō effundis effundit effundimus effunditis effundunt
imperfect effundēbam effundēbās effundēbat effundēbāmus effundēbātis effundēbant
future effundam effundēs effundet effundēmus effundētis effundent
perfect effūdī effūdistī effūdit effūdimus effūdistis effūdērunt,
effūdēre
pluperfect effūderam effūderās effūderat effūderāmus effūderātis effūderant
future perfect effūderō effūderis effūderit effūderimus effūderitis effūderint
passive present effundor effunderis,
effundere 		effunditur effundimur effundiminī effunduntur
imperfect effundēbar effundēbāris,
effundēbāre 		effundēbātur effundēbāmur effundēbāminī effundēbantur
future effundar effundēris,
effundēre 		effundētur effundēmur effundēminī effundentur
perfect effūsus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect effūsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect effūsus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present effundam effundās effundat effundāmus effundātis effundant
imperfect effunderem effunderēs effunderet effunderēmus effunderētis effunderent
perfect effūderim effūderīs effūderit effūderīmus effūderītis effūderint
pluperfect effūdissem effūdissēs effūdisset effūdissēmus effūdissētis effūdissent
passive present effundar effundāris,
effundāre 		effundātur effundāmur effundāminī effundantur
imperfect effunderer effunderēris,
effunderēre 		effunderētur effunderēmur effunderēminī effunderentur
perfect effūsus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect effūsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — effunde — — effundite —
future — effunditō effunditō — effunditōte effunduntō
passive present — effundere — — effundiminī —
future — effunditor effunditor — — effunduntor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives effundere effūdisse effūsūrum esse effundī effūsum esse effūsum īrī
participles effundēns — effūsūrus — effūsus effundendus,
effundundus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
effundendī effundendō effundendum effundendō effūsum effūsū

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • → English: effuse
  • → Italian: effondere
  • → Portuguese: efundir
  • → Sicilian: ffùnniri
  • → Spanish: efundir

References

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  • “effundo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “effundo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • effundo in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
  • effundo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • the river is over its banks, is in flood: flumen super ripas effunditur
    • to burst into a flood of tears: lacrimas, vim lacrimarum effundere, profundere
    • to be bathed in tears: in lacrimas effundi or lacrimis perfundi
    • to shed one's blood for one's fatherland: sanguinem suum pro patria effundere or profundere
    • to find relief in tears: dolorem in lacrimas effundere
    • to vent one's anger, spite on some one: virus acerbitatis suae effundere in aliquem (De Amic. 23. 87)
    • to vent one's anger, spite on some one: iram in aliquem effundere
    • to plunge into excesses, a career of excess: in luxuriam effundi
    • to squander one's money, one's patrimony: effundere, profundere pecuniam, patrimonium
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