bringan
Appearance
Old Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *bringan, from Proto-Germanic *bringaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrenk-.
Verb
[edit]bringan
- to bring
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of bringan (weak irregular)
infinitive | bringan | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | past |
1st person singular | bringo, bringon | brāhta |
2nd person singular | bringis, bringist | brāhtos |
3rd person singular | bringit | brāhta |
1st person plural | bringon | brāhtun |
2nd person plural | bringit | brāhtut |
3rd person plural | bringont | brāhtun |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st person singular | bringe | brāhti |
2nd person singular | bringes, bringest | brāhtis |
3rd person singular | bringe | brāhti |
1st person plural | bringen | brāhtin |
2nd person plural | bringet | brāhtit |
3rd person plural | bringen | brāhtin |
imperative | present | |
singular | bring | |
plural | bringit | |
participle | present | past |
bringandi | gibrāht |
Descendants
[edit]- Middle Dutch: bringen
Further reading
[edit]- “bringan”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Old English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *bringan, from Proto-Germanic *bringaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrenk-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]bringan
- to bring
- 10th century, Exeter Book Riddle 8[1]:
- Iċ…, eald ǣfensċeōp, eorlum bringe blisse in burgum.
- I…, old evening scop, bring bliss in towns for brave men.
- late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
- ⁊ ēac þætte þrīe wulfas on ānre niht brōhton ānes dēades monnes līċhoman binnan þā burg, ⁊ hiene þær siþþan tōbrugdon, oþ þā men onwōcan, ⁊ ūt urnon, ⁊ hīe siþþan āweġ flugon.
- And on one night, three wolves brought the body of a dead man into the city, and then tore it to pieces, until the people awoke and ran out, and they ran away.
Usage notes
[edit]- No strong preterite forms of this verb are attested, or any of its derivatives, except for the past participle brungen. The rest of the preterite conjugation is borrowed from the closely related, and largely synonymous, verb brenġan, including the more common past participle ġebrōht
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of bringan (strong class 3)
infinitive | bringan | bringenne |
---|---|---|
indicative mood | present tense | past tense |
first person singular | bringe | brōhte |
second person singular | bringst | brōhtest |
third person singular | bringþ | brōhte |
plural | bringaþ | brōhton |
subjunctive | present tense | past tense |
singular | bringe | brōhte |
plural | bringen | brōhten |
imperative | ||
singular | bring | |
plural | bringaþ | |
participle | present | past |
bringende | brungen |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Angus Cameron, Ashley Crandell Amos, Antonette diPaolo Healey, editors (2018), “bringan”, in Dictionary of Old English: A to Le
, Toronto: University of Toronto, →OCLC.
Old High German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *bringan, from Proto-Germanic *bringaną, whence also Old Saxon brengian, Old Dutch bringan, Old Frisian brenga, Old English bringan, Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽 (briggan).
Verb
[edit]bringan
- to bring
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of bringan (strong class 3)
infinitive | bringan | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | past |
1st person singular | bringu, bringo | brang, brāhta |
2nd person singular | bringis, bringist | brungi |
3rd person singular | bringit | brang, brāhta |
1st person plural | bringem, bringemēs | brungum, brungumēs |
2nd person plural | bringet | brungut |
3rd person plural | bringant | brungun |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st person singular | bringe | brungi |
2nd person singular | bringēs, bringēst | brungīs, brungīst |
3rd person singular | bringe | brungi |
1st person plural | bringēm, bringemēs | brungīm, brungīmēs |
2nd person plural | bringēt | brungīt |
3rd person plural | bringēn | brungīn |
imperative | present | |
singular | bring | |
plural | bringet | |
participle | present | past |
bringanti | gibrungan |
Descendants
[edit]- Middle High German: bringen
References
[edit]- Köbler, Gerhard, Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch, (6. Auflage) 2014
- Joseph Wright, An Old High German Primer, Second Edition
Old Saxon
[edit]Verb
[edit]bringan
- Alternative form of brengian
Swedish
[edit]Noun
[edit]bringan
Categories:
- Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Dutch lemmas
- Old Dutch verbs
- Old Dutch irregular verbs
- Old Dutch irregular weak verbs
- Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old English lemmas
- Old English verbs
- Old English terms with quotations
- Old English class 3 strong verbs
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old High German lemmas
- Old High German verbs
- Old High German class 3 strong verbs
- Old Saxon lemmas
- Old Saxon verbs
- Swedish non-lemma forms
- Swedish noun forms