-esz

See also: ész and -ész

Hungarian

-esz

(personal suffix) Forms the second-person singular present tense of verbs (indicative mood, indefinite conjugation).
‎fest (“to paint”) + ‎-esz → ‎festesz (“you paint, you are painting”)
(nominal-forming suffix) Forms nouns and adjectives from verb or nouns.
eresz (“eaves”)
(diminutive suffix, slang) Forms diminutives.
‎kollégium (“dormitory”) + ‎-esz → ‎kolesz

‎pulóver (“pullover”) + ‎-esz → ‎pulesz

‎Károly (“Charles”) + ‎-esz → ‎Karesz

‎vagány (“cool”) + ‎-esz → ‎vagesz
(music) flat (♭), lowered by one semitone (e.g. desz, esz, gesz)
Antonym: (for sharp (♯) notes) -isz

Present tense indefinite – personal suffixes

Person		Back vowel	Front vowel
Person		Back vowel	unrounded	rounded
én	1st person singular	-ok	-ek	-ök
én	-ik verbs (optional)	-om	-em	-öm
te	2nd person singular	-sz
	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-asz	-esz
	after s, sz, z, dz	-ol	-el	-öl
ő maga ön	3rd person singular	–
ő maga ön	-ik verbs	-ik
mi	1st person plural	-unk	-ünk
ti	2nd person plural	-tok	-tek	-tök
ti	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-otok	-etek	-ötök
ők maguk önök	3rd person plural	-nak	-nek
ők maguk önök	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-anak	-enek
See also: present-tense definite-object suffixes and second-person-object suffixes for informal addressing.

(personal suffix) Variants:
-sz added to verbs not in the categories listed below
‎vár (“to wait”) + ‎-sz → ‎vársz (“you wait, you are waiting”)

-asz added to back-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or -ít
‎hall (“to hear”) + ‎-asz → ‎hallasz (“you hear, you are hearing”)

‎tanít (“to teach”) + ‎-asz → ‎tanítasz (“you teach, you are teaching”)

-esz added to front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or -ít
‎dönt (“to decide”) + ‎-esz → ‎döntesz (“you decide, you are deciding”)

‎segít (“to help”) + ‎-esz → ‎segítesz (“you help, you are helping”)

-ol added to back-vowel verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz
‎olvas (“to read”) + ‎-ol → ‎olvasol (“you read, you are reading”)

-el added to unrounded front-vowel verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz
‎vesz (“to buy”) + ‎-el → ‎veszel (“you buy, you are buying”)

-öl added to rounded front-vowel verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz
‎főz (“to cook”) + ‎-öl → ‎főzöl (“you cook, you are cooking”)
(nominal-forming suffix) Variants:
-asz added to back vowel words

-esz added to front vowel words