-an-

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-an-

1. Root form of -ano

From Esperanto -an-, from English -an, French -en, Italian -ano, -ana, Spanish -ano, -ana, from Latin -ānus.

• IPA^(key): /an/

-an-

1. a person that is "a member of..."
2. an individual pertaining to a class (city, country, ensembly)

   ‎Anglia (“England”) + ‎-ano → ‎Angliano (“Englishman”)

3. a person or a thing that pertain to a domain (country, society)

   ‎Anglia (“England”) + ‎-ana → ‎Angliana (“English”)

   ‎civito (“city, town (as a political body)”) + ‎-ano → ‎civitano (“citizen”)

• -al-

• -an
• -a- (see rules below)

This is really an interfix variant of the suffix -an, used to form directional adverbs. From Old Norse suffix -an, from Proto-Germanic *-anē, used to denote ablativ adverbs.

-an-

1. Used to bind together a directional adverb and a preposition to create composite ones.

• Alternatively, -a- may be used preceding a consonant (bortantil or bortatil), but never preceding a vowel (only bortanom). The same rules also apply (and have also applied) to compounds where -a(n)- is not strictly an interfix, but a part of the word itself (ovanpå or ovapå). These have been the current rules since a 2022 spelling decision.^[1]