醋
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See also: 酢
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]醋 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+8, 15 strokes, cangjie input 一田廿日 (MWTA), four-corner 14661, composition ⿰酉昔)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1284, character 28
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39911
- Dae Jaweon: page 1785, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3585, character 8
- Unihan data for U+918B
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]| Historical forms of the character 醋 |
|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Small seal script |
|
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 借 | *ʔsjaːɡs, *ʔsjaːɡ |
| 唶 | *ʔsjaːɡs |
| 藉 | *zjaːɡs, *zjaːɡ |
| 躤 | *zjaːɡs |
| 蜡 | *zraːɡs, *sʰaːɡs |
| 齰 | *zraːɡs, *zraːɡ |
| 醋 | *sʰaːɡs |
| 錯 | *sʰaːɡs, *sʰaːɡ |
| 措 | *sʰaːɡs |
| 厝 | *sʰaːɡs, *sʰaːɡ |
| 逪 | *sʰaːɡ |
| 剒 | *sʰaːɡ |
| 鵲 | *sʰaɡ |
| 碏 | *sʰaɡ |
| 踖 | *sʰaɡ, *ʔsjaːɡ, *zjaːɡ |
| 趞 | *sʰaɡ |
| 皵 | *sʰaɡ, *sʰjaːɡ |
| 舄 | *sʰjaːɡ, *sʰaɡ, *sjaːɡ, *sjaːɡ |
| 斮 | *ʔsraɡ, *ʔsraːɡ |
| 簎 | *zraːwɢ, *sʰraːɡ, *zjaːɡ |
| 諎 | *ʔsraːɡ |
| 矠 | *sʰreːɡ, *zreːɡ |
| 庴 | *ʔsjaːɡ, *zjaːɡ |
| 籍 | *zjaːɡ |
| 耤 | *zjaːɡ |
| 猎 | *zjaːɡ |
| 昔 | *sjaːɡ |
| 惜 | *sjaːɡ |
| 腊 | *sjaːɡ |
| 焟 | *sjaːɡ |
| 棤 | *sjaːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰaːɡs) : semantic 酉 + phonetic 昔 (OC *sjaːɡ).
Etymology 1
[edit]| trad. | 醋 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 醋 | |
| alternative forms | 酢 | |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): cu4
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): cu3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): cu3
- Northern Min (KCR): chu̿
- Eastern Min (BUC): chó
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cou4
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5tshu
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): cou4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄨˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cù
- Wade–Giles: tsʻu4
- Yale: tsù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsuh
- Palladius: цу (cu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰu⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: cu4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: cu
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰu²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cou3
- Yale: chou
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsou3
- Guangdong Romanization: cou3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰou̯³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: tu1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰu³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: cu3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰu²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ / chhu
- Hakka Romanization System: cii / cu
- Hagfa Pinyim: ci4 / cu4
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰu⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: cu3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰu⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chu̿
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰu³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chó
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰou²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: cou4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɔu⁴²/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: cou4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰəu̯⁴⁵/
- (Changsha)
- Middle Chinese: tshuH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*sʰaːɡs/
Definitions
[edit]醋
- (literal) vinegar
- (figurative, chiefly between lovers) jealousy; envy; bitterness
- (Hainanese, figurative) glutton
Synonyms
[edit]- (vinegar):
Dialectal synonyms of 醋 (“vinegar”) [map]
Compounds
[edit]- 三斗醋
- 俏醋
- 加油加醋
- 加油添醋
- 半瓶醋 (bànpíngcù)
- 吃乾醋／吃干醋
- 吃寡醋
- 吃醋 (chīcù)
- 吃醋拈酸
- 吃醋撚酸
- 吃醋爭風／吃醋争风
- 吃飛醋／吃飞醋
- 呷醋節帥／呷醋节帅
- 咬薑呷醋／咬姜呷醋 (yǎojiāngxiácù)
- 啜醋
- 喬文假醋／乔文假醋
- 壞醋／坏醋
- 寡醋
- 強文假醋／强文假醋
- 慘醋／惨醋
- 打醋炭
- 拈酸吃醋
- 拈酸喫醋／拈酸吃醋
- 拈酸潑醋／拈酸泼醋
- 拿糖作醋
- 果醋
- 柴米油鹽醬醋茶／柴米油盐酱醋茶 (chái mǐ yóu yán jiàng cù chá)
- 桃花茜醋
- 桃花醋
- 榷醋
- 油鹽醬醋／油盐酱醋 (yóuyánjiàngcù)
- 添油加醋 (tiānyóujiācù)
- 添醋加油
- 添鹽着醋
- 潑醋／泼醋
- 熬薑呷醋／熬姜呷醋
- 爭鋒吃醋／争锋吃醋
- 爭風吃醋／争风吃醋
- 爭風喫醋／争风吃醋
- 發醋／发醋
- 白醋 (báicù)
- 石醋醋
- 私鹽私醋／私盐私醋
- 窮癟醋／穷瘪醋
- 窮酸餓醋／穷酸饿醋
- 糖醋 (tángcù)
- 老醋
- 臘八醋／腊八醋
- 酬醋
- 酸文假醋
- 酸醋 (suāncù)
- 醋勁／醋劲 (cùjìn)
- 醋味
- 醋坊
- 醋大
- 醋妒
- 醋娘子
- 醋心 (cùxīn)
- 醋性
- 醋息錢／醋息钱
- 醋意 (cùyì)
- 醋戶／醋户
- 醋栗 (cùlì)
- 醋母
- 醋母草
- 醋海
- 醋浸曹公
- 醋溜魚／醋溜鱼
- 醋漿／醋浆
- 醋滴滴
- 醋漬物／醋渍物
- 醋罈子／醋坛子 (cùtánzi)
- 醋罐子
- 醋葫蘆／醋葫芦
- 醋酒
- 醋酸 (cùsuān)
- 醯醋
- 釅醋／酽醋
- 陳醋／陈醋 (chéncù)
- 隔壁醋
- 頭醋／头醋
- 風言醋語／风言醋语
- 風醋／风醋
- 飛醋／飞醋
- 飽醋生／饱醋生
- 黑醋 (hēicù)
- 齩薑呷醋／咬姜呷醋
Etymology 2
[edit]| trad. | 醋 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 醋 | |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄛˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zuò
- Wade–Giles: tso4
- Yale: dzwò
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuoh
- Palladius: цзо (czo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zok6
- Yale: johk
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzok9
- Guangdong Romanization: zog6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɔːk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
[edit]醋
- Ancient written form of 酢 (“to toast back to the host”).
References
[edit]- “醋”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “醋”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 40.
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]醋
Readings
[edit]From Middle Chinese 醋 (MC tshuH); compare Mandarin 醋 (cù):
From Middle Chinese 醋 (MC dzak); compare Mandarin 醋 (zuò):
From native Japanese roots:
Usage notes
[edit]
In modern Japanese, 醋 is mostly replaced by 酢, due to the deprecation of non-tōyō kanji caused by the Japanese script reform.
Noun
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 醋 |
| す Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi |
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]醋 • (cho, jak) (hangeul 초, 작, revised cho, jak, McCune–Reischauer ch'o, chak, Yale cho, cak)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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