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See also: and
U+8B80, 讀
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8B80
譿
[U+8B7F]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+8B81]
U+F95A, 讀
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F95A

[U+F959]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F95B]

Translingual

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Traditional
Shinjitai
Simplified

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 149, +15, 22 strokes, cangjie input 卜口土田金 (YRGWC), four-corner 04686, composition or 𧶠)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1185, character 27
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36088
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1649, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4029, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+8B80

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *l'oːɡ) : semantic (to say) + phonetic 𧶠 (OC *luɡ).

Etymology 1

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trad.
simp.

“To say aloud, to tell” (Shijing) > “to recite” > “to read”.

Cognate with Tibetan ཀློག (klog, to read; to recite). Starostin sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-lok (to recite; to give notice) for this, and also includes Burmese လျှောက် (hlyauk, to tell; to ask; to petition; word-for-word translation; indiscriminately) and Mizo thlûk (accent, tone, intonation). Related to (OC *l'oːɡ, “resentment, slander < to grumble; complaint”).

STEDT provisionally sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-g-(l/r)əwk (to read), relating it to (OC *l'oːɡ, “tablet”).

Sagart (1999) argues that “read” cannot be the primary meaning, since existence of the concept “to read” before the invention of writing is questionable. There is likely no writing at the time of the split between Chinese and other Sino-Tibetan languages, therefore the Tibetan word may represent a borrowing from Chinese.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • tah7 - vernacular;
  • torh7 - literary.
Note:
  • tha̍k - vernacular;
  • tho̍k - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (7)
Final () (3)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter duwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/duk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/duk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/duk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/dəwk̚/
Li
Rong
/duk̚/
Wang
Li
/duk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/dʱuk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
duk6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ duwk ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.lˁok/
English read (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 16039
Phonetic
component
𧶠
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*l'oːɡ/

Definitions

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  1. to say aloud; to tell
  2. to read (silently); to peruse
    Synonym:
      ―  shū  ―  to read; reading
      ―  yuè  ―  to read
    文章值得 [MSC, trad.]
    文章值得 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè piān wénzhāng zhíde yī . [Pinyin]
    This article is worth reading.
  3. to read aloud; to read out
      ―  lǎng  ―  to read aloud
    有邊中間 [MSC, trad.]
    有边中间 [MSC, simp.]
    yǒu biān biān, méi biān zhōngjiān [Pinyin]
    read the side if any; read the middle part if there is no side
      ―  èr  ―  second reading (of a bill)
  4. to study
    大學大学  ―  dàxué  ―  to study at a university
    會計会计 [Cantonese]  ―  duk6 wui6 gai3 [Jyutping]  ―  to study accounting
  5. to pronounce (a character, a word, etc.)
    Synonym: (niàn)
    這個怎麼这个怎么  ―  Zhège zì zěnme ?  ―  How do you pronounce this character?
  6. pronunciation
      ―  yīn  ―  pronunciation (of characters)
      ―    ―  variant pronunciation
      ―  wén  ―  literary reading

Compounds

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Descendants

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  • Vietnamese: đọc
  • Zhuang: doeg

Etymology 2

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trad.
simp.
alternative forms

A late attested reading. Starostin thinks it is from the *-s pronunciation of Etymology 1.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • tāu - vernacular;
  • tō͘ - literary.

Definitions

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  1. short pause in reading; part of a sentence; clause
      ―  dòu  ―  periods and commas, sentences and clauses

Compounds

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Further reading

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Japanese

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Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanjikyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

  1. to read
  2. (とう) phrase, clause, part of a sentence, e.g. 読点 (lit. "clause mark", i.e. comma)

Readings

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  • Go-on: (zu) (du, historical)どく (doku)
  • Kan-on: とう ()とく (toku)
  • Kun: よむ (yomu, 讀む)

Korean

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Chinese (MC duwk).

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 읽을 (ilgeul dok))

  1. hanja form? of (to read)

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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From Middle Chinese (MC duwH).

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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(eumhun 구절 (gujeol du))

  1. hanja form? of (short pause in reading, part of a sentence, clause)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: độc, đọc, đậu, đặt

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.