Buru is an island in Maluku. It is known for the cajeput tree plantation and also has become the national rice granary in Maluku.

• Namlea, the capital of Buru Regency.
• Namrole, the capital of Buru Selatan Regency.

Like some other Maluku islands, Buru traditionally grew cloves, and this lucrative crop was also a source of trouble for Buru, as it was fought over by the Makassarese and Dutch East India Company in the 17th century, and when the Dutch East India Company won, they oppressed the locals, including forcibly relocating thousands of them. Direct rule by the Dutch government, which started in the early 1700s, was not as repressive as the Dutch East India Company had been.

The Japanese occupied the island during World War II, and it was subjected to Allied bombing. Following the war, Buru remained under Dutch influence and then was part of the Republic of South Moluccas, which was not recognized and considered secessionist by the Indonesian authorities, who considered all of the former Dutch East Indies to rightly belong to the newly independent country of Indonesia. It took six months before the Indonesian Army emerged victorious, and Buru was integrated into Indonesia in 1950.

General Sukarno worked to develop Buru, but after General Suharto took power in 1967, Buru was used as a penal colony by the Suharto dictatorship for many years, with thousands of political prisoners sent there without trial, such that the name "Buru" became synonymous with political repression in Indonesia during the 1960s and 1970s. However, at the same time that it served as the Indonesian equivalent of the Gulag, the native people of Buru continued to live there.

Buru today no longer has penal colonies, and the economy remains primarily based on agriculture.

You may see cajeput plantations near Namlea, also rice paddy fields in the Mako sub-district.

Historic sites

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• -3.384812127.11406310 Fort VOC Kayeli (Benteng VOC Kayeli), Negeri Kayeli. Built in 1785. (updated Sep 2022)
• -3.299313127.01743711 Tugu Desa Savana Jaya (Gedung Kesenian Savana Jaya), Waeapo. The village monument of Savana Jaya village was established in 1972. Savana Jaya had become one of the transmigration areas in Maluku Province and also used to be a dumping ground for political prisoners who were considered to be involved in the Communist Party of Indonesia movement. (updated Sep 2022)

• Minyak Kayu Putih (Cajeput/eucalyptus oil)
• Buru Hotong (Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.), healthy carb, a substitute for rice.
• Dragon fruit in Grandeng agrotourism.

Buru Island has a variety of foods including local Maluku cuisine like nasi kuning and ikan kuah kuning, Javanese cuisine like sate and bakso or Buginese-Makassarese cuisine like coto. You may try rujak (fruits in sweet spicy sticky peanut sauce) in Jikumerasa beach.

• -3.256062127.0900631 Ayam Kampung Bakar Bintang 16, Namlea. lunch time. Roasted village chicken. 
• -3.255688127.0874372 Mie Ikan BTN Dermaga, Namlea, ☏ +62 813 430 17567. 09:00-22:30. One of the specialty noodle dish of Buru Island, Mie ikan Namlea 

In the beach area, you may get a whole coconut drink.

For the budget hostelry, you may look for the hotel name with the prefix penginapan.

• -3.264437127.0883131 Hotel Awista, Jl. Dermaga Baru, Namlea, ☏ +62 913 21118. (updated Sep 2022)
• -3.841813126.7379382 Hotel Golden Alfri's, Jl. Kabupaten, Labuang, Namrole, ☏ +62 913 22220. (updated Sep 2022)

The telephone area code in Buru Island is 0913.

Watch out for the high waves in the south of Buru Island.

• To southeast, Ambalau (or Ambelau) Island