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Zelzal-3

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Zelzal-3
Zelzal-3 in 2009
TypeArtillery rocket
Service history
In service2007–present
Used by Iran
 Syria
WarsYemeni Civil War (2015–present)
Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen
Production history
ManufacturerIran
Specifications
Mass3.6–3.87 tonnes depending on model.
Length9–9.6 m depending on model
Diameter610 mm
WarheadOne
EngineSolid
Operational
range
250–400 km depending on model[1][2]
Guidance
system
Inertial plus GPS[3]
Launch
platform
Transporter erector launcher

Zelzal-3 (Persian: زلزال-۳, meaning "earthquake") is an Iranian-made solid propellant guided artillery rocket with a range of 200 km.[4] It is an upgrade of the Zelzal-2 rocket with slightly improved range and was first shown to the public in 2007. A variant, the Zelzal-3B, has a smaller warhead and a range of 250 km.[2] The shape and dimensions of the Zelzal-3 are nearly identical with previous versions except that the nosecone is cone shaped rather than the dome shaped Zelzal-1 and Zelzal-2. The Zelzal-3 has received little use as the much more accurate Fateh-110 missile was also developed from the Zelzal-2.

Background

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Zelzal-3 rockets before firing.
Zelzal-3 rockets on transport vehicle.

Zelzal series rockets, along with Naze'at series rockets, are Iranian rockets that were designed and built during the Iran-Iraq war. According to Iranian sources, later on, Fateh-110 generation missiles were designed and built from the Zelzal system.[5] Also, this system has been used to build some space probe rockets in Iran.[6]

Technical specifications

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Zelzal 3 has a length of 9.6 meters and a diameter of 616 mm. The weight of this missile is 3870 kg, of which 900 kg is the warhead and 1980 kg is the fuel. The error rate of this missile has been reported below 5%. This rocket has the power to have a maximum range of 200 kilometers.[7] These rockets can be launched from mobile and fixed launchers and are installed on triple and single launchers.[8]

The appearance of this rocket includes a cylindrical body, four trapezoidal wings at the end of the body and rotating rocket engines in front of the nose section. The nose of this missile, unlike its two previous generations, is a simple cone. In the third generation, while the length and diameter of the rocket has increased, its mass has also increased.[8] The use of this missile has been considered to attack wide targets such as airport runways.[9]

Zelzal-3B variant

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Stages of firing Zelzal 3 rocket in the Great Prophet 6.

For the Zelzal 3 rocket, two initial models and an unreleased version have been reported. The two examples introduced in this generation have two different approaches, one with a 50% increase in warhead mass to achieve greater destructive power (with a slight reduction in range) and the other with an increase in range. In version B, the length of the missile is 9 meters and its width is 616 mm. The range of this missile has increased to 250 km and its weight is 3,600 kg.[8]

Operators

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Map with Zelzal-3 operators in blue

Houthis have a rocket they call the Zelzal-3, which they claim it is locally-made and not imported from Iran.[12]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b "Modlex product: MXF05-000360 Zelzal 3 Surface to Surface Rocket". Modlex.ir. Archived from the original on 2012-09-08. Retrieved 2013-09-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  2. ^ a b c "Modlex product: MXF05-000370 Zelzal 3-B Surface to Surface Rocket". Modlex.ir. Archived from the original on 2013-07-29. Retrieved 2013-09-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  3. ^ Iran Rocket Missile forces amazonaws.com
  4. ^ Cordesman, Anthony H. (2007). Lessons of the 2006 Israeli-Hezbollah War. p. 11. ISBN 978-0-89206-505-9
  5. ^ "وزلزال ایرانی؛ «اولین راکت توپخانه‌ای جهان با کلاهک جداشونده»/ هدیه ویژه به محور مقاومت برای عبور آسان از گنبد آهنین + عکس و فیلم". mashreghnews.ir. 29 December 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
  6. ^ "آشنایی با انواع راکت‌های زلزال - ایران". hamshahrionline.ir. 20 February 2013. Retrieved 11 August 2024.
  7. ^ "آشنایی با انواع راکت‌های زلزال - ایران". Hamshahri Online (in Persian). 2013-02-20. Retrieved 2024-03-10.
  8. ^ a b c "Performance check and the function of "Zelzal" rocket and missile + pictures". Revolutionary Documents Center (in Persian). 2014-10-13. Retrieved 2024-03-10.
  9. ^ "Zelzal missile performance check". ISNA (in Persian). 2016-01-03. Retrieved 2024-03-10.
  10. ^ "Defense & Security Intelligence & Analysis: IHS Jane's | IHS". Articles.janes.com. Archived from the original on 2012-07-07. Retrieved 2013-09-03.
  11. ^ "Iranian Rocketry in the Service of the Houthis in Yemen". Israel Defense. 21 August 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
  12. ^ Analysis: IRGC implicated in arming Yemeni Houthis with rockets
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