kaum

From Middle High German kūme, from Old High German kūmo, from Proto-Germanic *kūmaz, *kūmijaz (“weak, pitiful, frail”), from Proto-Indo-European *gewH- (“to call, cry”). Cognate with German kaum, also English comely.

kaum (Sette Comuni)

1. barely, hardly
2. only, just, merely

   Ar is gabéest hia kaum hòite mòrgande.

   He was just here this morning.

• “kaum” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

kaum

1. water

• Kivung (journal of the Linguistic Society of Papua New Guinea), volume 5 (1972), page 204

From Middle High German kūme, from Old High German kūmo, from Proto-Germanic *kūmaz, *kūmijaz (“weak, pitiful, frail”), from Proto-Indo-European *gewH- (“to call, cry”).^[1] Cognate with English comely and archaic Dutch kuim (“barely”).

• IPA^(key): /kaʊ̯m/, [kʰaʊ̯m]
• Rhymes: -aʊ̯m

• Audio (Austria):

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• Audio:

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kaum

1. barely, hardly

   Ich kann das kaum lesen.

   I can barely read this.

   Die Handschrift ist kaum lesbar.

   The handwriting is barely legible.

2. difficult, nearly impossible [with zu (+ infinitive) ‘to do’]

   Das ist kaum zu glauben.

   That's difficult to believe.

3. little

   Synonym: wenig

• “kaum” in Duden online
• “kaum” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
• Friedrich Kluge (1883) “kaum”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891

• kaoem (pre-1947)

From Malay kaum, from Classical Malay kaum, from Arabic قَوْم (qawm).

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈkaum/ [ˈka.ʊm]
• Rhymes: -aum
• Syllabification: kaum

kaum (first-person possessive kaumku, second-person possessive kaummu, third-person possessive kaumnya)

1. people

   Synonym: suku bangsa

2. family, relative

   Synonyms: sanak, saudara, kerabat, keluarga

3. group, class

   Synonym: golongan

4. (archaic, Islam) mosque worker

   Synonyms: lebai, modin

5. (archaic) matrilineal descendant

• “kaum” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

From Arabic قَوْم (qawm).

kaum

1. group of people
2. religious officials in charge of the mosque

From Old High German kūmo. Cognate with German kaum, Dutch kuim.

• IPA^(key): /kæːʊ̯m/
• Rhymes: -æːʊm

kaum

1. hardly, barely

From Arabic قَوْم (qawm).

kaum (Jawi spelling قوم, plural kaum-kaum, informal 1st possessive kaumku, 2nd possessive kaummu, 3rd possessive kaumnya)

1. people, community

   Synonyms: masyarakat, warga

2. tribe, clan

   Synonyms: puak, suku

3. group of people with common traits, such as an ethnic group or race

   Synonyms: etnik, ras, suku

• “kaum” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

kaum

1. barely

From Proto-Finnic *kalma.

kaum

1. grave

From Proto-Hmong-Mien *gju̯ɛp (“ten”). Cognate with Iu Mien ziepc.

• Rhymes: -um

• IPA^(key): /kau̯˩̰/

kaum

1. ten

• Heimbach, Ernest E. (1979) White Hmong — English Dictionary‎^[1], SEAP Publications, →ISBN.