bocht
Dutch
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle Dutch bocht, from Old Dutch *buht, from Proto-West Germanic *buhti, from Proto-Germanic *buhtiz. Equivalent to buigen (“to bend, bow”) + -t (“verbal noun”).
Noun
editbocht f or m (plural bochten, diminutive bochtje n)
- a bend, curve, inflection, something not straight
- a twist, change
- a bight, broad curvature of a coastline, bay
Derived terms
editDescendants
editEtymology 2
editFrom Middle Dutch bocht, becht, bacht (“garbage, dung, shit”), possibly from Proto-West Germanic *buggjan (“to buy”), though this is at odds with the last two forms.[1]
Noun
editbocht m or n (uncountable)
- (now Belgium) junk, rubbish
- junk, booze, moonshine
- (Netherlands) disgusting drink, trash, rubbish
- Hij zei dat de bocht die hij ons gaf whiskey was, maar het smaakte er niet naar.
- He said that the foul drink he gave us was whiskey, but it didn't taste like it.
References
edit- ^ van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “bocht2”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
Irish
editEtymology
editFrom Old Irish bocht (“poor”), from Proto-Celtic *boxtos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰogtós, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg- (“to break”).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editbocht (genitive singular masculine boicht, genitive singular feminine boichte, plural bochta, comparative boichte)
- poor (of circumstances, of quality, condition, expressing pity, sympathy, expressing dislike, contempt)
- stingy
- (nominalized, masculine) poor person
Declension
editsingular | plural (m/f) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Positive | masculine | feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
nominative | bocht | bhocht | bochta; bhochta2 | |
vocative | bhoicht | bochta | ||
genitive | boichte | bochta | bocht | |
dative | bocht; bhocht1 |
bhocht; bhoicht (archaic) |
bochta; bhochta2 | |
Comparative | níos boichte | |||
Superlative | is boichte |
1 When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
2 When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
Synonyms
editDerived terms
editMutation
editradical | lenition | eclipsis |
---|---|---|
bocht | bhocht | mbocht |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
edit- ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 31, page 18
- ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 47
- ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 380, page 128
Further reading
edit- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “bocht”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Old Irish
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Proto-Celtic *boxtos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰogtós, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg- (“to break”).
Adjective
editbocht
- poor
- (Christianity) of one who has taken a vow of poverty
Inflection
edito/ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | bocht | bocht | bocht |
Vocative | boicht* bocht** | ||
Accusative | bocht | boicht | |
Genitive | boicht | boichte | boicht |
Dative | bocht | boicht | bocht |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | |
Nominative | boicht | bochta | |
Vocative | bochtu bochta† | ||
Accusative | bochtu bochta† | ||
Genitive | bocht | ||
Dative | bochtaib | ||
Notes | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative |
Descendants
editNoun
editbocht m or f
- poor person, pauper
- the poor (in a collective sense)
Inflection
editAs a masculine noun:
Masculine o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | bocht | bochtL | boichtL |
Vocative | boicht | bochtL | bochtuH |
Accusative | bochtN | bochtL | bochtuH |
Genitive | boichtL | bocht | bochtN |
Dative | bochtL | bochtaib | bochtaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
As a feminine noun:
Feminine ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | bochtL | boichtL | bochtaH |
Vocative | bochtL | boichtL | bochtaH |
Accusative | boichtN | boichtL | bochtaH |
Genitive | boichteH | bochtL | bochtN |
Dative | boichtL | bochtaib | bochtaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Descendants
edit- Manx: boght
Etymology 2
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
edit·bocht
Mutation
editradical | lenition | nasalization |
---|---|---|
bocht | bocht pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/ |
mbocht |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Scots
editPronunciation
editVerb
editbocht
- simple past tense and past participle of buy
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɔxt
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɔxt/1 syllable
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰewgʰ-
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms suffixed with -t (verbal noun)
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -en
- Dutch feminine nouns
- Dutch masculine nouns
- Dutch nouns with multiple genders
- nl:Bodies of water
- Dutch uncountable nouns
- Dutch neuter nouns
- Belgian Dutch
- Netherlands Dutch
- Dutch terms with usage examples
- Dutch ablauted verbal nouns
- Dutch verbal nouns with -t
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeg- (break)
- Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish lemmas
- Irish adjectives
- Irish nominalized adjectives
- ga:People
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeg- (break)
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish adjectives
- sga:Christianity
- Old Irish o/ā-stem adjectives
- Old Irish nouns
- Old Irish masculine nouns
- Old Irish feminine nouns
- Old Irish nouns with multiple genders
- Old Irish masculine o-stem nouns
- Old Irish ā-stem nouns
- Old Irish non-lemma forms
- Old Irish verb forms
- Scots terms with IPA pronunciation
- Scots non-lemma forms
- Scots verb forms
- Scots past participles