Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/sanestos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Of unclear origin. The usual comparison to Proto-Celtic *swannati (from Proto-Indo-European *swenh₂- (“to sound”)) is formally very unlikely, as proto-Celtic *sw- regularly corresponds to chw- in Welsh, yet the Welsh descendant of this root features an h- instead. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *sn-Hes-to- (“wisdom of the elders, ancient lore”) (which would semantically shift to "advice" > "whisper"), from *sénos (“old”); however, this is semantically bold and makes an assumption that "advice" was the original meaning.^[1]

Noun

*sanestos m

Declension

Masculine o-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sanestos	*sanestou	*sanestoi
vocative	*saneste	*sanestou	*sanestoi
accusative	*sanestom	*sanestou	*sanestoms
genitive	*sanestī	*sanestous	*sanestom
dative	*sanestūi	*sanestobom	*sanestobos
locative	*sanestei	*?	*?
instrumental	*sanestū	*sanestobim	*sanestūis

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *hanes
- Cornish: hanas, hanys (“sigh”)
- Middle Welsh: hanes
  - Welsh: hanes
Middle Irish: sanas, sanais
- Irish: sanas
- Manx: sannish
- Scottish Gaelic: sanas

References

Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “sanas”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “hanes”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 322

[1] Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 322

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