Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/eburos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ebʰros (“yew”).^[1] Cognate with German Eberesche, Albanian bërshen.

Noun

*eburos m^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

yew

Declension

Masculine o-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*eburos	*eburou	*eburoi
vocative	*ebure	*eburou	*eburoi
accusative	*eburom	*eburou	*eburoms
genitive	*eburī	*eburous	*eburom
dative	*eburūi	*eburobom	*eburobos
locative	*eburei	*?	*?
instrumental	*eburū	*eburobim	*eburūis

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *eβur
- Middle Breton: heuor, euor
  - Breton: evor (“alder buckthorn”)
- Cornish: evor (“hogweed”)
- Middle Welsh: efwr, ewr
  - Welsh: efwr (“hogweed, cow parsnip”)
Old Irish: ibar
- Irish: iúr, iobhar (obsolete), úr
- Manx: euar
- Scottish Gaelic: iubhar
Gaulish: eburo-
- →⇒ Latin: Eburobriga
- →⇒ Latin: Eburodūnum
- →⇒? Latin: Eburōnes
- →⇒ Latin: Eboracum
Hispano-Celtic:
- →⇒ Latin: Eburobrittium
- →⇒ Latin: Ebronanto.^[6]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*eburo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 112
^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “efwr, ewr”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies: “*eburo-”
^ Koch, John (2004) “*eburo-”, in English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda‎^[1], University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 160: “*eburo-”
^ Wodtko, Dagmar S. (2017–2018) “Chapter XI: Celtic”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Celtic, page 1256: “*eburo-”
^ Xavier Delamarre (2021) Noms de lieux Celtiques de l'Europe ancienne (in French), 2 edition, →ISBN

[Matasovic-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*eburo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 112

[2] R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “efwr, ewr”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies: “*eburo-”

[3] Koch, John (2004) “*eburo-”, in English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda‎^[1], University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

[4] Delamarre, Xavier (2003) Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 160: “*eburo-”

[5] Wodtko, Dagmar S. (2017–2018) “Chapter XI: Celtic”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Celtic, page 1256: “*eburo-”

[6] Xavier Delamarre (2021) Noms de lieux Celtiques de l'Europe ancienne (in French), 2 edition, →ISBN

[1]