鞋

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

鞋 (Kangxi radical 177, 革+6, 15 strokes, cangjie input 廿十土土 (TJGG), four-corner 4451₄, composition ⿰革圭)

Derived characters

嚡

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1387, character 22
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42813
Dae Jaweon: page 1902, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4333, character 2
Unihan data for U+978B

Chinese

Wikipedia has articles on:

鞋 (Wu)
鞋 (Cantonese)
鞋 (Written Standard Chinese^?)

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (圭) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
街	kreː, kreː
鞋	ɡreː, ɡreː, *ɡreː
娾	ŋreː, ŋreːʔ
佳	*kreː
鮭	ɡreː, kʷeː, *kʰʷeː
涯	ŋreː, ŋre
崖	ŋreː, ŋre
啀	*ŋreː
厓	*ŋreː
捱	*ŋreː
睚	*ŋreːs
娃	*qreː
洼	qreː, qʷraː, *kʷeː
哇	qreː, qʷraː
胿	ɡeː, kʷeː
溎	*qeːns
觟	*ɡʷraːʔ
黊	ɡʷraːʔ, ɡʷreːs, *ɡʷeː
蘳	ɡʷraːʔ, qʰʷe
蛙	qʷraː, qʷreː
窪	*qʷraː
卦	*kʷreːs
挂	*kʷreːs
掛	*kʷreːs
詿	kʷreːs, ɡʷreːs
罣	kʷreːs, ɡʷreːs, *kʷeːs
絓	kʰʷreː, ɡʷreːs
鼃	ɢʷreː, qʷreː
圭	*kʷeː
珪	*kʷeː
邽	*kʷeː
閨	*kʷeː
袿	*kʷeː
窐	kʷeː, ɡʷeː
茥	kʷeː, kʰʷeː
桂	*kʷeːs
筀	*kʷeːs
奎	*kʰʷeː
刲	*kʰʷeː
蝰	*kʰʷeː
楏	*kʰʷeː
睳	*qʰʷeː
畦	*ɡʷeː
眭	ɡʷeː, sqʰʷe, qʰʷe, qʰʷi
烓	qʷeː, kʰʷeːŋʔ
跬	*kʰʷeʔ
恚	*qʷes
硅	*qʰʷreɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡreː, *ɡreː, *ɡreː) : semantic 革 (“leather”) + phonetic 圭 (OC *kʷeː) – leather shoes. Originally written as 鞵.

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		鞋
2nd round simp.		𰆻
alternative forms		鞵𩋘𩋔𩋧

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): xié (xie²)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄝˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): hai²

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): хэ (he, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): haai⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): hai³
Gan (Wiktionary): hai²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): hài

(Hailu, HRS): hai

(Meixian, Guangdong): hai²
Jin (Wiktionary): hai¹
Northern Min (KCR): ǎi
Eastern Min (BUC): à̤
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ôe / ê / êre / hâi

(Teochew, Peng'im): oi⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶gha
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): hai²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xié
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sié
  - Wade–Giles: hsieh²
  - Yale: syé
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shye
  - Palladius: се (se)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: hai²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xai
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xai²¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: хэ (he, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɛ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: haai⁴
  - Yale: hàaih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: haai⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: hai⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /haːi̯²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: hai³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hai²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: hai²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hai²⁴/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hài
  - Hakka Romanization System: hai^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hai²
  - Sinological IPA: /hai̯¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: hai
  - Sinological IPA: /hai⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: hai²
  - Sinological IPA: /haɪ¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: hai¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /xai¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ǎi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ai²¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: à̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɛ⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ôe
  - Tâi-lô: uê
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oee
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Kinmen, Singapore): /ue²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Taichung, Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ê
  - Tâi-lô: ê
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ee
  - IPA (Tainan, Yilan): /e²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung, Penang): /e²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /e¹³/
- (Hokkien: Sanxia)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: êre
  - Tâi-lô: erê
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hâi
  - Tâi-lô: hâi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: haai
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hai¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /hai²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hai²³/

Note:

ê/ôe/êre - vernacular;
hâi - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: oi⁵
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ôi
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /oi⁵⁵/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶gha
  - MiniDict: gha^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hha
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦa²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: hai²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xai̯¹³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 鞋
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕiɛ³⁵/
	Harbin	/ɕiɛ²⁴/
	Tianjin	/ɕie⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/ɕiɛ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/ɕiɛ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ɕiɛ⁴²/
	Xi'an	/xai²⁴/
	Xining	/xɛ²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/xɛ⁵³/ /ɕie⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/xɛ⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/xai⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/xai²¹³/
	Chengdu	/xai³¹/
	Guiyang	/xai²¹/
	Kunming	/xæ³¹/
	Nanjing	/ɕiɛ²⁴/
	Hefei	/ɕie̞⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/xai¹¹/ /ɕie¹¹/
	Pingyao	/xæ¹³/
	Hohhot	/ɕie³¹/ 皮～ /xɛ³¹/ 靸～
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦa²³/
	Suzhou	/ɦɑ¹³/
	Hangzhou	/ɦie̞²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/ɦa³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/xa⁴⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/xa⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/xai¹³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ɦai¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/hai²⁴/
Hakka	Meixian	/hai¹¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/hɑi¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/hai²¹/
	Nanning	/hai²¹/
	Hong Kong	/hai²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/hai³⁵/ /ue³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/ɛ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/ai²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/oi⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ɔi³¹/

Middle Chinese: hea, heaj

Rime
Character	鞋	鞋
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	佳 (31)	皆 (33)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	II
Fanqie	戸佳切	戸皆切
Baxter	hea	heaj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠɛ/	/ɦˠɛi/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦᵚæ/	/ɦᵚæi/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣæi/	/ɣɐi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦaɨj/	/ɦəɨj/
Li Rong	/ɣɛ/	/ɣɛi/
Wang Li	/ɣai/	/ɣɐi/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣai/	/ɣăi/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiá	xié
Expected Cantonese Reflex	haai⁴	haai⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤre/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡreː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鞋
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xié
Middle Chinese	‹ hɛ ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ˁre/ (no pre-Qín exx.)
English	shoe
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鞋	鞋	鞋
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	4528	4534	4541
Phonetic component	圭	圭	圭
Rime group	支	支	支
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	諧	㥟	㥟
Old Chinese	/*ɡreː/	/*ɡreː/	/*ɡreː/
Notes	說文作鞵	同鞵

Definitions

鞋

shoe; footwear (Classifier: 雙／双 m mn; 對／对 c; 隻／只)
一雙鞋／一双鞋 ― yī shuāng xié ― a pair of shoes

穿上你的鞋，我們出去吃晚飯。 [MSC, trad.]
穿上你的鞋，我们出去吃晚饭。 [MSC, simp.]
Chuān shàng nǐ de xié, wǒmen chūqù chī wǎnfàn. [Pinyin]
Put on your shoes. Let's go out for dinner.

在這裡我必須脫鞋嗎？ [MSC, trad.]
在这里我必须脱鞋吗？ [MSC, simp.]
Zài zhèlǐ wǒ bìxū tuō xié ma? [Pinyin]
Do I have to take off my shoes here?

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 鞋 (“shoe”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		屨, 履, 鞋, 屣
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		鞋, 鞋子
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	鞋, 鞋巴兒
	Taiwan	鞋子, 鞋
	Harbin	鞋
	Singapore	鞋子, 鞋
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	鞋
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	鞋
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	鞋
	Wanrong	鞋
	Zhengzhou	鞋
	Xi'an	鞋
	Xining	鞋, 鞋鞋
	Xuzhou	鞋子, 鞋
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	鞋腳
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	鞋
	Lanzhou	鞋
	Ürümqi	鞋
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	鞋子
	Wuhan	鞋子, 鞋
	Guiyang	鞋
	Guilin	鞋子
	Liuzhou	鞋子
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	鞋子
	Yangzhou	鞋子
	Hefei	鞋
	Chuzhou	鞋子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	鞋
	Hong Kong	鞋
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	鞋
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	鞋
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	鞋
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	鞋
	Macau	鞋
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	鞋
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	鞋
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	鞋
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	鞋
	Foshan	鞋
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	鞋
	Foshan (Shunde)	鞋
	Foshan (Sanshui)	鞋
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	鞋
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	鞋
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	鞋
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	鞋
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	鞋
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	鞋
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	鞋
	Taishan	鞋
	Kaiping (Chikan)	鞋
	Enping (Niujiang)	鞋
	Heshan (Yayao)	鞋
	Dongguan	鞋
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	鞋
	Shaoguan	鞋
	Yunfu	鞋
	Yangjiang	鞋
	Xinyi	鞋
	Lianjiang	鞋
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	鞋
	Hepu (Shatian)	鞋
	Beihai	鞋
	Beihai (Nankang)	鞋
	Beihai (Yingpan)	鞋
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	鞋
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	鞋
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	鞋
	Danzhou	鞋
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	鞋
	Singapore (Guangfu)	鞋
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	鞋
	Móng Cái	鞋
	Bangkok (Guangfu)	鞋
Gan	Nanchang	鞋子
	Lichuan	鞋仔
	Pingxiang	鞋子
Hakka	Meixian	鞋
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	鞋
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	鞋
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	鞋
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	鞋
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	鞋
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	鞋
	Yudu	鞋
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	鞋
	Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian)	鞋
	Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian)	鞋
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	鞋
	Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian)	鞋
	Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian)	鞋
	Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian)	鞋
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	鞋, 鞋仔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	鞋
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	鞋
	Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping)	鞋
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	鞋
	Hong Kong	鞋
	Senai (Huiyang)	鞋
	Bangkok (Jiexi)	鞋
Huizhou	Jixi	鞋
Jin	Taiyuan	鞋, 鞋巴子
Jin	Xinzhou	鞋
Northern Min	Jian'ou	鞋
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	鞋
Eastern Min	Matsu	鞋
Southern Min	Xiamen	鞋
	Quanzhou	鞋
	Jinjiang	鞋
	Shishi	鞋
	Zhangzhou	鞋仔, 鞋
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	鞋
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	鞋
	Kaohsiung	鞋
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	鞋
	Yilan	鞋仔
	Tainan	鞋仔
	Tainan (Anping)	鞋
	Penghu (Xiyu)	鞋
	Penang (Hokkien)	鞋
	Singapore (Hokkien)	鞋
	Manila (Hokkien)	鞋
	Pingnan (Pingtian)	鞋
	Pingnan (Sijie)	鞋
	Guilin (Biyange)	鞋
	Pingle (Zhoutang)	鞋
	Lechang (Tatou)	鞋
	Yingde (Yuzui)	鞋
	Yunan (Liantan)	鞋
	Chaozhou	鞋
	Shantou	鞋
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	鞋
	Jieyang	鞋
	Haifeng	鞋
	Bangkok (Teochew)	鞋
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	鞋
	Singapore (Teochew)	鞋
	Pontianak (Teochew)	鞋
	Leizhou	鞋
	Wenchang	鞋
	Haikou	鞋
Puxian Min	Putian	鞋
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	鞋
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	鞋
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	鞋
	Xianyou	鞋
	Xianyou (Fengting)	鞋
	Xianyou (Youyang)	鞋
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	鞋
Northern Pinghua	Lingchuan (Sanjie)	鞋
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	履
	Yuanling (Shaojiwan)	履
	Luxi (Baisha)	履
Wu	Shanghai	鞋子
	Shanghai (Chongming)	鞋子
	Suzhou	鞋子
	Danyang	鞋子
	Hangzhou	鞋子
	Ningbo	鞋, 鞋爿
	Wenzhou	鞋
	Jinhua	鞋
Xiang	Changsha	鞋子
	Loudi	鞋子
	Shuangfeng	鞋子

Compounds

Descendants

→ Zhuang: haiz

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		鞋

For pronunciation and definitions of 鞋 – see 嚡 (“rough; coarse; sigh; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 嚡).

References

“鞋”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

鞋

(Hyōgai kanji)

shoes; shoe; footwear

Readings

Go-on: げ (ge)
Kan-on: かい (kai)
Kan’yō-on: あい (ai)
Kun: くつ (kutsu, 鞋)、わらじ (waraji, 鞋)

Compounds

草鞋(わらじ) (waraji)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
鞋
くつ Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) くつ [kùtsúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [kɯ̟̊t͡sɨ]

Noun

鞋(くつ) • (kutsu)

Alternative spelling of 靴 (“piece of footwear”)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
鞋
わらじ Hyōgai
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 鞋 – see the following entry.

【草鞋わらじ】

[noun] traditional Japanese straw sandals

Alternative spelling
藁沓

(This term, 鞋, is an alternative spelling (rare) of the above term.)

References

^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [çe̞] ~ [he̞]
Phonetic hangul: [혜/헤]

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

鞋

Wikisource

鞋 • (hye) (hangeul 혜)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鞋: Hán Nôm readings: hài, giày

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[NHK-1] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]