賺

Translingual

Han character

賺 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+10, 17 strokes, cangjie input 月金廿難金 (BCTXC), four-corner 6883₇, composition ⿰貝兼)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1211, character 17
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36880
Dae Jaweon: page 1677, character 13
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3655, character 8
Unihan data for U+8CFA

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (兼) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
譧	*r'eːms
賺	*r'eːms
尲	*kreːm
鹻	*kreːmʔ
歉	kʰreːms, kʰreːmʔ, kʰeːmʔ, kʰeːms
槏	*kʰreːmʔ
鰜	ɡreːm, keːm
稴	ɡreːm, ɡ·reːm, ɡ·reːmʔ, ɡ·reːms, *ɡeːm
豏	ɡreːmʔ, ɡreːms
甉	ɡreːmʔ, ɡraːm
廉	*ɡ·rem
鎌	*ɡ·rem
鬑	ɡ·rem, ɡ·reːm
鐮	*ɡ·rem
簾	*ɡ·rem
薕	ɡ·rem, ɡ·reːm
蠊	*ɡ·rem
嬚	*ɡ·remʔ
溓	ɡ·remʔ, ɡ·reːm, *ɡ·reːmʔ
嵰	*kʰremʔ
隒	*ŋɡremʔ
熑	*ɡ·reːm
濂	*ɡ·reːm
燫	*ɡ·reːm
兼	keːm, keːms
縑	*keːm
鶼	*keːm
蒹	*keːm
搛	*keːm
謙	*kʰeːm
膁	*kʰeːmʔ
嗛	*kʰeːmʔ
慊	kʰeːmʔ, kʰeːb
傔	*kʰeːms
馦	*qʰeːm
嫌	*ɡeːm
鼸	*ɡeːmʔ
尷	*kreːm

Originally as 𧸖.

In the current form: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *r'eːms) : semantic 貝 + phonetic 兼 (OC *keːm, *keːms).

Etymology 1

trad.		賺
simp.		赚
2nd round simp.		⿰贝专
alternative forms		𧸖

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhuàn (zhuan⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zaan⁶ / zaam⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhon
Eastern Min (BUC): cuáng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): choán

(Teochew, Peng'im): zuang³
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶ze

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhuàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhuàn
  - Wade–Giles: chuan⁴
  - Yale: jwàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juann
  - Palladius: чжуань (čžuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhuànr
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄢˋㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhuànr
  - Wade–Giles: chuan⁴-ʼrh
  - Yale: jwànr
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juall
  - Palladius: чжуаньр (čžuanʹr)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

Note: zhuànr - noun.

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zaan⁶ / zaam⁶
  - Yale: jaahn / jaahm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzaan⁶ / dzaam⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: zan⁶ / zam⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saːn²²/, /t͡saːm²²/

Note: zaam6 - obsolete.

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhon
  - Hakka Romanization System: con
  - Hagfa Pinyim: con⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰon⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cuáng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suɑŋ²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: choán
  - Tâi-lô: tsuán
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zoarn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡suan⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡suan⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡suan⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡suan⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡suan⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zuang³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsuàng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suaŋ²¹³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶ze
  - MiniDict: ze^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³ze
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ze²³/

Middle Chinese: dreamH

Rime
Character	賺
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	咸 (151)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	佇陷切
Baxter	dreamH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖˠɛm^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖᵚæm^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡɐm^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖəɨm^H/
Li Rong	/ȡɐm^H/
Wang Li	/ȡɐm^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱăm^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zaam⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*r'eːms/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	賺
Reading #	1/1
No.	6030
Phonetic component	兼
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	𧸖
Old Chinese	/*r'eːms/
Notes	原右作廉同說文新附，集韻作此

Definitions

賺

to make a profit
賺大錢／赚大钱 ― zhuàn dàqián ― to make a huge profit

有賺冇蝕／有赚冇蚀 [Cantonese] ― jau⁵ zaan⁶ mou⁵ sit⁶ [Jyutping] ― to profit and not lose money
(regional) to earn (money)
to win; to get
(informal) profit

Synonyms

(to make a profit):

Dialectal synonyms of 賺 (“to make a profit”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		賺
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	賺
	Taiwan	賺
	Singapore	賺
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	賺
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	賺
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	賺
Southwestern Mandarin	Wuhan	賺
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	賺
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	賺
Cantonese	Guangzhou	賺
	Hong Kong	賺
	Yangjiang	賺
Gan	Nanchang	賺
Hakka	Meixian	賺
Jin	Taiyuan	賺, 掙
Northern Min	Jian'ou	趁
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	趁
Southern Min	Xiamen	趁
	Quanzhou	趁
	Zhangzhou	趁
	Singapore (Hokkien)	趁
	Chaozhou	趁
	Leizhou	趁
	Haikou	趁
Wu	Suzhou	賺
Wu	Wenzhou	近
Xiang	Changsha	賺
Xiang	Shuangfeng	賺

(to earn money):

Dialectal synonyms of 掙 (“to earn”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		掙
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	掙
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	賺
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	掙
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	掙
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	掙
Southwestern Mandarin	Wuhan	賺
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	尋
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	掙
Cantonese	Guangzhou	搵
	Hong Kong	搵
	Yangjiang	賺, 搵
Gan	Nanchang	掙
Hakka	Meixian	做
Jin	Taiyuan	掙
Northern Min	Jian'ou	趁
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	趁
Southern Min	Xiamen	趁
Southern Min	Chaozhou	趁
Wu	Suzhou	掙
Wu	Wenzhou	近
Xiang	Changsha	掙
Xiang	Shuangfeng	掙

(profit):

edit

利潤／利润 (lìrùn)
利益 (lìyì)
利純／利纯 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
利頭／利头 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
潤／润 (rùn) (literary, or in compounds)
盈利 (yínglì)
賺頭／赚头 (zhuàntou) (informal)
賺頭兒／赚头儿 (zhuàntour) (Beijing Mandarin)
長頭／长头 (Hokkien)

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “to make a profit”): 賠／赔 (péi)

Compounds

Descendants

→ Indonesian: cuan (“profit”)

Etymology 2

trad.		賺
simp.		赚

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zuàn (zuan⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zaan⁶
Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): dam³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zuàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zuàn
  - Wade–Giles: tsuan⁴
  - Yale: dzwàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuann
  - Palladius: цзуань (czuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su̯än⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zaan⁶
  - Yale: jaahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzaan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: zan⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saːn²²/
Southern Min
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: dam³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tàm
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tam²¹³/

Definitions

賺

(colloquial) to deceive; to fool; to cheat

Synonyms

edit

作假 (zuòjiǎ)
作偽／作伪 (zuòwěi)
使手路 (Xiamen Hokkien)
創戇／创戆 (Hokkien)
創戇仔／创戆仔 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
哄騙／哄骗 (hǒngpiàn)
壅蔽 (yōngbì) (literary)
打哄 (da³ hong³) (Xiang)
拆白 (chāibái) (dialectal)
拐騙／拐骗 (guǎipiàn)
日哄 (reh⁴ hung²) (Jin)
梟人／枭人 (Hakka)
欺瞞／欺瞒 (qīmán)
欺詐／欺诈 (qīzhà)
欺騙／欺骗 (qīpiàn)
瞞／瞒 (mán) (to hide the truth)
瞞哄／瞒哄 (mánhǒng)
瞞騙／瞒骗 (mánpiàn)
矇人／蒙人 (mēngrén)
矇混／蒙混 (ménghùn)
矇蔽／蒙蔽 (méngbì)
矇騙／蒙骗 (mēngpiàn)
糊弄 (hùnong) (colloquial)
耍花招 (shuǎ huāzhāo)
脫人／脱人 (tŏ̤-nêng) (Northern Min)
行騙／行骗 (xíngpiàn)
訛詐／讹诈 (ézhà)
詐騙／诈骗 (zhàpiàn)
誆騙／诓骗 (kuāngpiàn)
誑／诳 (kuáng) (literary, or in compounds)
誘騙／诱骗 (yòupiàn)
誑騙／诳骗 (kuángpiàn)
變戲法／变戏法 (biàn xìfǎ) (figurative)
騙／骗 (piàn)
騙人／骗人 (piànrén)

Compounds

Etymology 3

trad.		賺
simp.		赚
alternative forms		𧸖誕／诞綻／绽鄭／郑 Eastern Min

Pronunciation

Eastern Min (BUC): dâng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tāⁿ

(Teochew, Peng'im): dan⁷

Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dâng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɑŋ²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tānn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dva
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tã²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /tã⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: dan⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tāⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tã¹¹/

Definitions

賺

(Eastern Min, Southern Min, dialectal Wu) wrong; erroneous

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 錯 (“wrong”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		過誤, 誤, 謬, 謬誤, 訛
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		錯, 不對, 錯誤
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	錯, 左
	Taiwan	錯, 不對
	Malaysia	錯, 不對
	Singapore	錯, 不對
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	錯, 差
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	錯
Lanyin Mandarin	Ürümqi	錯
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	錯, 拐
	Wuhan	錯, 左
	Guilin	錯
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	差
	Yangzhou	錯
	Hefei	錯
Cantonese	Guangzhou	錯, 唔啱
	Hong Kong	錯, 唔啱
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	錯
	Macau	錯
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	錯
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	唔啱
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	錯
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	錯
	Foshan	錯
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	錯
	Foshan (Shunde)	錯
	Foshan (Sanshui)	錯, 唔啱
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	錯
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	錯
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	錯
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	錯
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	錯
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	錯
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	錯
	Taishan	錯
	Kaiping (Chikan)	錯
	Enping (Niujiang)	錯
	Heshan (Yayao)	錯
	Dongguan	錯
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	錯
	Yangjiang	錯
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	唔啱, 錯
	Singapore (Guangfu)	唔啱, 錯
Gan	Nanchang	錯
Gan	Lichuan	錯
Hakka	Meixian	差, 唔啱
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	錯
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	錯
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	錯
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	錯
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	錯
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	唔著
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	唔著
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	唔著
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	唔著
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	唔著
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	唔著
Jin	Taiyuan	錯, 不對, 差
Northern Min	Jian'ou	錯
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	賺
Eastern Min	Matsu	賺
Southern Min	Xiamen	賺, 毋著
	Quanzhou	賺, 毋著
	Shishi	賺
	Zhangzhou	賺, 毋著
	Zhao'an	毋著
	Taipei	毋著
	Kaohsiung	毋著
	Penang (Hokkien)	salah, 毋著, 賺
	Singapore (Hokkien)	salah, 毋著
	Manila (Hokkien)	毋著, 賺
	Chaozhou	賺
	Shantou	賺, 唔對, 唔著
	Jieyang	賺
	Singapore (Teochew)	salah, 唔著, 賺
	Leizhou	無著
	Wenchang	無著
	Haikou	錯
	Singapore (Hainanese)	無著
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	錯, 唔啱
Wu	Shanghai	錯
	Suzhou	錯
	Ningbo	錯, 賺
	Wenzhou	賺
	Jinhua	賺
Xiang	Changsha	錯, 左
Xiang	Shuangfeng	造, 錯

Japanese

Kanji

賺

(Hyōgai kanji)

coax

Readings

On (unclassified): たん (tan)
Kun: すかす (sukasu, 賺す)

Vietnamese

Han character

賺: Hán Việt readings: khiếm, trám

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