脅

See also: 脇

脅	U+8105, 脅 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8105

← 脄
[U+8104]

CJK Unified Ideographs

脆 →
[U+8106]

Translingual

Han character

脅 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 大尸大尸月 (KSKSB), four-corner 4022₇, composition ⿱劦月)

Derived characters

嗋, 㙝, 愶, 搚, 𣹩, 熁, 𮌯, 𣣲, 𫉆

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 982, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29466
Dae Jaweon: page 1434, character 7
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2073, character 9
Unihan data for U+8105

Chinese

trad.		脅/脇
simp.		胁

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 脅
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (劦) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
栛	*reːbs
珕	reːbs, rebs
荔	reːbs, rebs
脅	hlams, hlab
姭	*hlams
搚	raːb, raːb
拹	*hlab
愶	*hlab
嗋	*hlab
熁	*hlab
協	*ɦleːb
勰	*ɦleːb
劦	*ɦleːb
叶	*ɦleːb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hlams, *hlab) : phonetic 劦 (OC *ɦleːb) + semantic 肉.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xié (xie²)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄝˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hip³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): hia̍p

(Meixian, Guangdong): hiab⁵
Eastern Min (BUC): hiĕk
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hieh⁷
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hia̍p

(Teochew, Peng'im): hiab⁸

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xié
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sié
  - Wade–Giles: hsieh²
  - Yale: syé
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shye
  - Palladius: се (se)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: hip³
  - Yale: hip
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hip⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: hib³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiːp̚³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hia̍p
  - Hakka Romanization System: hiab
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hiab⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /hi̯ap̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: hiab⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /hiap̚¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hiĕk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hieʔ⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hieh⁷
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiɛʔ⁴/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hieh⁷
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiɛʔ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hia̍p
  - Tâi-lô: hia̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiap
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hiap̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hiap̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiap̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hiap̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiap̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hiab⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hia̍p
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiap̚⁴/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 脅
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕiɛ³⁵/
	Harbin	/ɕiɛ²⁴/
	Tianjin	/ɕie⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/ɕiə⁴²/
	Qingdao	/ɕiə⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ɕiɛ⁴²/
	Xi'an	/ɕiɛ²⁴/
	Xining	/ɕi²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ɕie¹³/
	Lanzhou	/ɕiə⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/ɕiɤ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/ɕie²¹³/
	Chengdu	/ɕie³¹/
	Guiyang	/ɕie²¹/
	Kunming	/ɕiɛ³¹/
	Nanjing	/ɕieʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/ɕiɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕiəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/ɕiʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/ɕiaʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɕiɪʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/ɕiəʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ɕiəʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/ɕi²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕieʔ²¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/ɕia⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕie²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ɕie²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɕiɛʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/hiap̚¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/hiɑp̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/hip̚³/
	Nanning	/hip̚³³/
	Hong Kong	/hip̚³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/hiap̚³²/ /hiap̚⁵/ 俗
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/hieʔ⁵/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/xiɛ⁴⁴/ 名 /xiɛ²⁴/ 動
	Shantou (Teochew)	/hiap̚⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/hiap̚³/

Middle Chinese: xjaemH, xjaep

Rime
Character	脅	脅
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	嚴 (145)	業 (147)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	許欠切	虚業切
Baxter	xjaemH	xjaep
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨɐm^H/	/hɨɐp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/hiɐm^H/	/hiɐp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/xiɐm^H/	/xiɐp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hɨam^H/	/hɨap̚/
Li Rong	/xiɐm^H/	/xiap̚/
Wang Li	/xĭɐm^H/	/xĭɐp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/xi̯ɐm^H/	/xi̯ɐp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiàn	xie
Expected Cantonese Reflex	him³	hip³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰ<r>ep/

(Zhengzhang): /*hlams/, /*hlab/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	脅
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xié
Middle Chinese	‹ xjæp ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰ<r>ep/
English	flank, side of the body
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	脅	脅
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	13779	13783
Phonetic component	劦	劦
Rime group	談	盍
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	脅	脅
Old Chinese	/*hlams/	/*hlab/

Definitions

脅

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 肋骨 (“rib”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		肋, 脅
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		肋骨
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	肋巴骨, 肋搭骨, 肋條骨
	Taiwan	肋骨
	Ulanhot	肋條骨
	Tongliao	肋條骨
	Chifeng	肋骨
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	肋條骨
	Harbin	肋巴骨, 肋骨, 肋巴扇子, 肋巴
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	肋條骨, 肋條
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	肋巴
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Qingdao	肋巴條子, 肋巴骨
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	肋巴
	Wanrong	肋肢
	Xi'an	肋子骨
	Xining	肋巴骨, 肋巴
	Xuzhou	肋巴骨
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	肋巴骨, 胸杈子
	Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)	肋子
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	肋巴
	Bayanhot	肋巴
	Lanzhou	肋巴
	Ürümqi	肋巴骨
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	肋巴骨
	Wuhan	婆羅骨, 排子骨
	Guiyang	肋巴骨
	Liuzhou	肋巴骨, 肋𩩍骨
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	肋幫骨
	Yangzhou	肋身骨, 肋巴骨, 肋骨
	Nantong	肋膀骨, 肋身骨
	Huanggang	排盧骨
Cantonese	Guangzhou	肋骨, 𩩍骨
	Hong Kong	肋骨, 𩩍骨
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	𩩍骨
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	肋赤骨
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	間仔骨
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	肋耕骨
	Macau	肋骨
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	肋骨
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	掩𩩍骨
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	心口骨
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	肋骨
	Foshan	肋骨
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	𩩍骨
	Foshan (Shunde)	肋骨
	Foshan (Sanshui)	𩩍骨
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	𩩍骨
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	肋骨
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	肋骨
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	肋骨
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	肋骨
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	肋骨
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	肋骨
	Taishan	掩仔骨
	Kaiping (Chikan)	掩仔骨
	Enping (Niujiang)	𩩍仔骨
	Heshan (Yayao)	肋骨
	Dongguan	肋坑骨, 肋骨
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	肋耕
	Shaoguan	肋骨
	Yunfu	𩩍骨
	Xinyi	肋骨
	Lianjiang	肋骨
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	排骨
Gan	Nanchang	肋巴骨
	Lichuan	排扇骨
	Pingxiang	肋塞骨, 肋塞
Hakka	Meixian	掩跛骨, 胸前骨, 肋骨
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	肋耕仔
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	肋耕仔
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	肋耕仔
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	鹽雞骨
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	掩耕骨
	Changting	肋骨
	Wuping	營坑骨
	Liancheng	演枉骨
	Ninghua	排生骨
	Yudu	排山骨
	Shicheng	排骨
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	𩩍籬骨
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	𩩍籬骨
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	𩩍籬骨
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	𩩍籬骨
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	𩩍琵骨
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	排子骨
	Hong Kong	肋梗仔
Huizhou	Jixi	肋血骨
Jin	Taiyuan	肋羅齒
	Xinzhou	肋肢
	Taibus (Baochang)	肋肢
	Linhe	肋肢
	Jining	肋骨
	Hohhot	肋子
	Baotou	肋骨
	Dongsheng	肋肢
	Haibowan	肋條
Northern Min	Jian'ou	排比骨
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	肋條骨, 肋排骨
	Fuzhou (Changle)	肋排骨
	Fuqing	肋條骨
	Yongtai	肋排骨
	Gutian	肋排骨
	Fu'an	排骨
	Ningde	排骨
	Shouning	排骨
	Zhouning	脅邊
	Fuding	肋排骨
Southern Min	Xiamen	胸坎骨, 𩩍枝骨, 排骨
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	𩩍條骨
	Quanzhou	胸坎骨, 𩩍枝骨, 排骨
	Jinjiang	𩩍枝骨
	Zhangzhou	胸坎骨, 籤仔骨, 排骨
	Taipei (Wanhua)	𩩍骨
	Kaohsiung	箅仔骨
	Yilan	排仔骨
	Changhua (Lukang)	排仔骨
	Taichung	排仔骨
	Taichung (Wuqi)	排仔骨
	Tainan	箅仔骨
	Taitung	排仔骨
	Hsinchu	排仔骨
	Penghu (Magong)	箅仔骨
	Penang (Hokkien)	胸坎骨
	Singapore (Hokkien)	胸坎骨
	Manila (Hokkien)	排骨, 胸坎骨, 𩩍枝骨
	Shantou	肋骨, 𩩍籬骨
	Jieyang	𩩍籬骨, 𩩍籬
	Haifeng	𩩍籬
	Bangkok (Teochew)	𩩍籬骨
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	𩩍籬骨
	Leizhou	索條骨
	Wenchang	肋骨
	Haikou	胸程骨, 胸格骨
Puxian Min	Putian	𩩍骨, 胸骨
Puxian Min	Xianyou	𩩍骨, 胸骨
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	𩩍條骨
Wu	Shanghai	肋棚骨
	Shanghai (Chongming)	肋棚骨
	Suzhou	肋棚骨
	Wuxi	肚棚骨
	Danyang	肋排骨, 肋骨
	Hangzhou	肋棚骨
	Ningbo	肋排骨
	Wenzhou	肚棚骨
	Jinhua	皮子骨
Xiang	Changsha	肋巴骨, 排肋骨
Xiang	Hengyang	肋巴骨頭

Dialectal synonyms of 胳肢窩 (“armpit; underarm”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		腋
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		腋窩, 腋下
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	胳肢窩
	Taiwan	胳肢窩, 腋下
	Ulanhot	胳肢窩
	Tongliao	胳肢窩
	Chifeng	胳肢窩
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	胳肢窩
	Harbin	膈肢窩, 胳肢窩, 胳臼窩
	Shenyang	胳肢窩, 胳肢窩兒
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	胳肢窩, 胳肢脖 Hui
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	夾肘窩
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Qingdao	夾肘窩
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	圪老知兒, 圪知窩
	Wanrong	胳肘窩
	Zhengzhou	膈老肢兒
	Xi'an	胳肢窩
	Xining	胳皂窪
	Xuzhou	膈肢兒, 膈肢窩兒, 膈肢窩
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	胳勒窩, 胳勒叉
	Bayanhot	胳旯窩
	Lanzhou	胳肘窪
	Ürümqi	胳澇窪
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	夾肢窩兒, 夾窩兒
	Wuhan	脅下窩
	Guiyang	夾肢窩
	Guilin	膈肢窩
	Liuzhou	膈肢窩
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	膈夾窩
	Yangzhou	夾乍窩
	Nantong	胳肢窩
	Hefei	胳撓肢
Cantonese	Guangzhou	胳肋底
	Hong Kong	胳肋底, 加拿大 humorous
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	胳肋底
	Foshan	胳肋底
	Foshan (Shunde)	胳肋底
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	胳肋底
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	胳肋底
	Taishan	胳肋
	Kaiping (Chikan)	胳肋
	Dongguan	肋赤下
	Shaoguan	胳肋底
	Yunfu	胳肋
	Yangjiang	胳肋
	Lianjiang	胳肋底
	Nanning	胳肋底, 胳肋
	Wuzhou	胳肋底, 胳肋
	Yulin	肋仄
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	胳肋肢窩
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	胳肋底
Gan	Nanchang	脅夾裡, 胛下裡, 胛下
	Lichuan	胳摘窩
	Pingxiang	脅牯
Hakka	Meixian	脅下, 手脅, 脅
	Xingning	脅下
	Huidong (Daling)	肋赤下
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	手夾下
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	脅下
	Changting	手脅下
	Wuping	手脅子下
	Wuping (Pingyu)	手脅下
	Ninghua	脅赤腳下
	Yudu	手脅下
	Ruijin	手脅下
	Shicheng	脅下
	Shangyou (Shexi)	手脅下
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	手脅下, 脅下
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	手脅下, 脅下
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	手脅下, 脅下
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	脅下
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	手脅下, 脅下
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	手脅下, 脅下
	Hong Kong	肋赤下
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	手夾
	Sabah (Longchuan)	肋赤下
	Senai (Huiyang)	肋赤下
	Singkawang	脅下
Huizhou	Jixi	膈辣下
Jin	Taiyuan	膈離間, 膈夾窩
	Xinzhou	胳正窩兒
	Taibus (Baochang)	胳肢窩
	Linhe	圪嶗子窩
	Jining	膈老肢窩
	Hohhot	胳肢窩
	Baotou	胳老肢窩
	Dongsheng	膈肢窩
	Haibowan	胳肘窩
Northern Min	Jian'ou	胳肢下
	Songxi	胳鹿下
	Zhenghe	胳鹿下
	Jianyang	胳肢下
	Wuyishan	胳肢下
	Pucheng (Shibei)	胳鹿下
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	胳腋下
	Fuzhou (Changle)	胳腋下
	Fuqing	胳腋下
	Yongtai	胳腋下
	Gutian	胳腋下
	Fu'an	胳腋下
	Shouning	胳腋下
	Zhouning	胳腋下
	Fuding	胳腋下
Southern Min	Xiamen	胳下空, 胳耳空
	Quanzhou	胳下空, 胳下胴
	Jinjiang	胳下胴, 胳胴跤
	Zhangzhou	胳下空, 都知
	Taipei	胳下空, 胳胴跤
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	胳胴跤
	Kaohsiung	胳耳空
	Yilan	胳胴跤
	Changhua (Lukang)	胳下空
	Taichung	胳胴跤
	Taichung (Wuqi)	胳下胴
	Tainan	胳下空, 胳耳空
	Taitung	胳耳空
	Hsinchu	胳下胴
	Kinmen	胳下空
	Penghu (Magong)	胳下空
	Penang (Hokkien)	ketiak
	Manila (Hokkien)	胳下胴
	Chaozhou	胳囊下
	Shantou	胳囊下
	Haifeng	胳當下
	Leizhou	膈胳
	Wenchang	胛胳
	Haikou	胛胳
Puxian Min	Putian	膈攬下
Puxian Min	Xianyou	膈肋下
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	胳囊下
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	胳肋底
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	膈肢窩
Wu	Shanghai	胳肋竹, 胳肢窩
	Shanghai (Chongming)	胳落
	Suzhou	膈臘子
	Danyang	夾肢窩, 夾肢下
	Hangzhou	肋膈肢底下
	Ningbo	肋膈肢下
	Wenzhou	脟扎下
	Jinhua	膈肋下
Xiang	Changsha	脅肋窩, 脅夾窩, 胳肢窩
	Xiangtan	脅納窩裡
	Loudi	脅旯旮
	Shuangfeng	脅角納, 脅角納裡
	Hengyang	狹港

Compounds

References

“脅”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “胁”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 261.

Japanese

Kanji

脅

(Jōyō kanji)

threaten, coerce

Readings

Go-on: こう (kō)
Kan-on: きょう (kyō, Jōyō)
On: きゅう (kyū)
Kun: おびやかす (obiyakasu, 脅かす, Jōyō)、おどす (odosu, 脅す, Jōyō)、おどかす (odokasu, 脅かす, Jōyō)

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

脅 • (hyeop) (hangeul 협, revised hyeop, McCune–Reischauer hyŏp, Yale hyep)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

脅: Hán Nôm readings: hiếp

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.