清楚
Chinese
editclear; distinct; complete clear; distinct; complete; pure |
distinct; clear; orderly distinct; clear; orderly; pain; suffering; ancient place name; surname | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (清楚) | 清 | 楚 | |
simp. #(清楚) | 清 | 楚 |
Etymology
edit(pure; innocent): Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 清楚 (seiso)
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cing1 co2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhîn-chhú
- Eastern Min (BUC): chĭng-chū
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): chheng-chhó / chheng-chhó͘
- (Teochew, Peng'im): cêng1 co2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄥ ˙ㄔㄨ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cingchů
- Wade–Giles: chʻing1-chʻu5
- Yale: chīng-chu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ching.chu
- Palladius: цинчу (cinču)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu²/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan, variant in Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄥ ㄔㄨˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cingchǔ
- Wade–Giles: chʻing1-chʻu3
- Yale: chīng-chǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chingchuu
- Palladius: цинчу (cinču)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: cing1 co2
- Yale: chīng chó
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsing1 tso2
- Guangdong Romanization: qing1 co2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔː³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhîn-chhú
- Hakka Romanization System: qinˊ cuˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: qin1 cu3
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin²⁴ t͡sʰu³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chĭng-chū
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ (t͡sʰ-)ʒu³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chheng-chhó
- Tâi-lô: tshing-tshó
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhengzhoir
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰɤ⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰo⁵³/
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰo⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan, Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chheng-chhó͘
- Tâi-lô: tshing-tshóo
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhengzhor
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰɔ⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ t͡sʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰɔ⁴¹/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰɔ⁵³/
- IPA (Singapore): /t͡sʰeŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰɔ⁴²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: cêng1 co2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsheng tshó
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sʰo⁵²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
Adjective
edit清楚
- clear; lucid
- clear (about a matter); unambiguous
- plain; distinct; obvious
- (obsolete or Eastern Min) tidy; neat; refined
- (ACG, neologism, of a person) pure; innocent
Usage notes
edit- Used often in a figurative sense (e.g. to be clear on a matter), rather than in a literal sense. For the literal clear (e.g. clear water), see 清澈 (qīngchè).
Synonyms
editAntonyms
editAdverb
edit清楚
- clearly
- until a matter is clear (making sense, unambiguous, etc.)
Verb
edit清楚
- to understand; to know; to comprehend
Synonyms
edit- 了解 (liǎojiě)
- 佔有/占有 (zhànyǒu)
- 分曉/分晓 (fēnxiǎo)
- 參悟/参悟 (cānwù)
- 悟 (wù) (literary, or in compounds)
- 懂 (dǒng)
- 懂得 (dǒngde)
- 打生 (Wenzhounese)
- 把握 (bǎwò)
- 掌握 (zhǎngwò)
- 明 (ming4) (Cantonese)
- 明白
- 明瞭/明了 (míngliǎo)
- 曉得/晓得 (xiǎode)
- 會悟/会悟 (huìwù) (literary)
- 洞悉 (dòngxī)
- 清亮 (mainland China)
- 熟似 (Hokkien)
- 熟悉 (shúxī)
- 熟稔 (shúrěn) (literary)
- 熟識/熟识 (shúshí)
- 理會/理会 (lǐhuì)
- 理解 (lǐjiě)
- 瞭悟/了悟 (liǎowù) (literary)
- 知影 (Hokkien, Teochew)
- 知悉 (zhīxī) (literary)
- 知曉/知晓 (zhīxiǎo)
- 知識/知识 (zhīshí) (literary)
- 知道
- 覺/觉
- 覺悟/觉悟 (juéwù)
- 覺醒/觉醒 (juéxǐng)
- 認識/认识
- 諳曉/谙晓 (ānxiǎo) (literary)
- 諳達/谙达 (āndá) (literary)
- 貫通/贯通 (guàntōng)
- 通曉/通晓 (tōngxiǎo)
- 通解 (tōngjiě) (literary)
- 通達/通达 (tōngdá)
- 達/达 (literary, or in compounds)
- 醒悟 (xǐngwù)
- 開悟/开悟 (kāiwù) (literary)
- 領悟/领悟 (lǐngwù)
- 領會/领会 (lǐnghuì)
- 領略/领略 (lǐnglüè)
Derived terms
editDescendants
editFurther reading
edit- “Entry #50095”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
Japanese
editKanji in this term | |
---|---|
清 | 楚 |
せい Grade: 4 |
そ Jinmeiyō |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
淸楚 (kyūjitai) |
Adjective
edit清楚 • (seiso) -na (adnominal 清楚な (seiso na), adverbial 清楚に (seiso ni))
Inflection
editInflection of 清楚
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 清楚だろ | せいそだろ | seiso daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 清楚で | せいそで | seiso de |
Terminal (終止形) | 清楚だ | せいそだ | seiso da |
Attributive (連体形) | 清楚な | せいそな | seiso na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 清楚なら | せいそなら | seiso nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 清楚であれ | せいそであれ | seiso de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 清楚ではない 清楚じゃない |
せいそではない せいそじゃない |
seiso de wa nai seiso ja nai |
Informal past | 清楚だった | せいそだった | seiso datta |
Informal negative past | 清楚ではなかった 清楚じゃなかった |
せいそではなかった せいそじゃなかった |
seiso de wa nakatta seiso ja nakatta |
Formal | 清楚です | せいそです | seiso desu |
Formal negative | 清楚ではありません 清楚じゃありません |
せいそではありません せいそじゃありません |
seiso de wa arimasen seiso ja arimasen |
Formal past | 清楚でした | せいそでした | seiso deshita |
Formal negative past | 清楚ではありませんでした 清楚じゃありませんでした |
せいそではありませんでした せいそじゃありませんでした |
seiso de wa arimasen deshita seiso ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 清楚で | せいそで | seiso de |
Conditional | 清楚なら(ば) | せいそなら(ば) | seiso nara (ba) |
Provisional | 清楚だったら | せいそだったら | seiso dattara |
Volitional | 清楚だろう | せいそだろう | seiso darō |
Adverbial | 清楚に | せいそに | seiso ni |
Degree | 清楚さ | せいそさ | seisosa |
Noun
editDescendants
edit- → English: seiso
References
edit- Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
- Kitahara, Yasuo, editor (2002), 明鏡国語辞典 [Meikyō Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Taishūkan Shoten, →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
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