擦

擦	U+64E6, 擦 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-64E6

Translingual

Han character

擦 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 手十月火 (QJBF), four-corner 5309₁, composition ⿰扌察)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 460, character 9
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12862
Dae Jaweon: page 808, character 29
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1977, character 3
Unihan data for U+64E6

Chinese

trad.		擦
simp. ^#		擦
2nd round simp.		𰓣

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (祭) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蔡	*sʰlaːds
瘵	*ʔsreːds
祭	ʔsreːds, ʔsleds
際	*ʔsleds
穄	*ʔsleds
鰶	*ʔsleds
傺	*hr'eds
摖	*sʰleːds
擦	*sʰlaːd
攃	sʰlaːd, saːd
礤	*sʰlaːd
察	*sʰreːd
詧	sʰreːd, sʰeːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰlaːd) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 察 (OC *sʰreːd) – wipe, scrub by hand.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): cā (ca¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄘㄚ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ca²
Cantonese (Jyutping): caat³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chhat / chhoah / chhak

(Teochew, Peng'im): cag⁴
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷tshaq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cā
  - Zhuyin: ㄘㄚ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ca
  - Wade–Giles: tsʻa¹
  - Yale: tsā
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsa
  - Palladius: ца (ca)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰä⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ca²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ca
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰa²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: caat³
  - Yale: chaat
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsaat⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: cad³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaːt̚³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhat
  - Tâi-lô: tshat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhad
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /t͡sʰat̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰat̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhoah
  - Tâi-lô: tshuah
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhoaq
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰuaʔ⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰuaʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhak
  - Tâi-lô: tshak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhag
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰak̚³²/

Note:

chhat - literary (“to wipe; to apply; utensil”);
chhoah - vernacular;
chhak - “wall hanging”.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: cag⁴
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshak
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰak̚²/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁷tshaq
  - MiniDict: tshah^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴tshaq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰaʔ⁵⁵/

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*sʰlaːd/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	擦
Reading #	1/1
No.	5845
Phonetic component	祭
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	攃
Old Chinese	/*sʰlaːd/
Notes	手冊作集韻礤摩也新字

Definitions

擦

to rub
to be close to; to be near
to wipe; to scour; to scrub; to erase
把黑板擦乾淨／把黑板擦干净 ― bǎ hēibǎn cā gānjìng ― to wipe the blackboard clean

擦嗮啲錯字／擦嗮啲错字 [Cantonese] ― caat³ saai³ di¹ co³ zi⁶ [Jyutping] ― to erase all the incorrect characters
to spread (paste etc.); to apply
to shred (melons and fruits)
(slang, euphemistic) Alternative form of 肏 (“to fuck”)
utensil for rubbing, wiping, or scrubbing (e.g., eraser, shoe polish)
黑板擦 ― hēibǎncā ― blackboard eraser
(Taiwanese Hokkien) hanging scroll; wall hanging (a scroll that unrolls vertically for hanging on a wall)

Synonyms

(to rub): 摩擦 (mócā)
(to be close to):

edit

倚近 (Hokkien)
傍依 (bàngyī)
傍邊／傍边 (bàngbiān) (colloquial)
向邇／向迩 (xiàng'ěr) (literary)
把 (colloquial)
挨近 (āijìn)
挨邊／挨边 (āibiān) (colloquial, to be close to an age or number)
接 (jiē)
接近 (jiējìn)
比鄰／比邻 (bǐlín) (literary)
湊／凑 (còu)
瀕於／濒于 (bīnyú) (of something undesirable)
瀕臨／濒临 (bīnlín)
相鄰／相邻 (xiānglín)
臨近／临近 (línjìn)
親近／亲近 (qīnjìn)
鄰近／邻近 (línjìn)
附 (fù)
靠近 (kàojìn)

(to wipe):

Dialectal synonyms of 擦 (“to wipe”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		擦
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	擦, 抹
	Taiwan	擦, 抹
	Malaysia	擦
	Singapore	擦, 抹
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	擦, 搌
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	揩, 抹, 擦
Southwestern Mandarin	Wuhan	之, 揩, 抹, 搌
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	擦, 揩, 抹
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	擦, 揩, 抹
Cantonese	Guangzhou	擦, 抹, 捽
	Hong Kong	擦, 抹, 捽
	Yangjiang	抹, 拭, 擦
	Yangjiang (Yangdong)	拭
	Yangdong (Yashao)	抹, 拭, 擦
	Yangchun	抹, 擦
	Yangxi	抹, 拭, 擦
	Penang (Guangfu)	擦
	Singapore (Guangfu)	擦
Gan	Nanchang	揩, 抹, 擦
Hakka	Meixian	捽
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	捽
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	捽
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	捽
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	捽
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	捽
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	捽
	Kuching (Hepo)	捽
Jin	Taiyuan	揩, 擦
Northern Min	Jian'ou	拭
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	拭, 挸
Southern Min	Xiamen	拭, 揉
	Quanzhou	拭, 揉
	Zhangzhou	拭, 揉
	Tainan	拭, 揉
	Penang (Hokkien)	拭, 揉
	Singapore (Hokkien)	拭
	Manila (Hokkien)	拭
	Chaozhou	拭, 㧫, 抙
	Raoping	拭, 㧫
	Shantou	㧫
	Shantou (Chenghai)	㧫
	Jieyang	拭, 㧫, 抙
	Singapore (Teochew)	拭, 㧫
Wu	Shanghai	揩
	Suzhou	揩
	Wenzhou	擦, 𢄺
Xiang	Changsha	湊, 抹, 揩
Xiang	Shuangfeng	揩, 抹

edit

拂拭 (fúshì)
揩拭 (kāishì)
揩擦 (kāicā)
撣拂／掸拂 (dǎnfú)
擦抹 (cāmǒ)
擦拭 (cāshì)
擦洗 (cāxǐ)

(utensil): (Hokkien) 拭

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

擦

(Jōyō kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: さち (sachi)
Kan-on: さつ (satsu, Jōyō)
Kun: する (suru, 擦る, Jōyō)、すれる (sureru, 擦れる, Jōyō)、さする (sasuru, 擦る)

Derived terms

靴(くつ)擦(ず)れ (kutsuzure)

Korean

Hanja

擦 • (chal) (hangeul 찰, revised chal, McCune–Reischauer ch'al, Yale chal)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

麻擦 (마찰, machal)

Vietnamese

Han character

擦: Hán Nôm readings: sát, xát, xớt

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.