五

See also: 伍 and 𢀑

五	U+4E94, 五 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E94

← 亓
[U+4E93]

CJK Unified Ideographs

井 →
[U+4E95]

㈤	U+3224, ㈤ PARENTHESIZED IDEOGRAPH FIVE

← ㈣
[U+3223]

Enclosed CJK Letters and Months

㈥ →
[U+3225]

㊄	U+3284, ㊄ CIRCLED IDEOGRAPH FIVE

← ㊃
[U+3283]

Enclosed CJK Letters and Months

㊅ →
[U+3285]

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五

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order

Han character

五 (Kangxi radical 7, 二+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 一木一 (MDM), four-corner 1010₇, composition ⿱一𫝀 or ⿻丅ユ or ⿻工𠃍)

Derived characters

伍, 㕶, 鿉, 㐏, 吾, 忢, 𫰌, 𭜐, 𬂡, 𥄬, 𥐳, 𦙗, 𮛉, 𮡨, 𭈔, 𮤴, 𬃂, 𠄼, 𡟿, 𮐌, 𬁶, 𫡲, 𫡵, 𫇩, 𠄶, 𬂽, 𥄪, 𭘣, 𠵥, 𠄲, 𠄻, 𭱷

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 86, character 11
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 257
Dae Jaweon: page 178, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 11, character 3
Unihan data for U+4E94

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 五
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Oracle bone script j29736 j29737 j29738 j29739 j29740 j29741 j29742 j29743 j29744 j29745 j29746 j29747 j29748 j29749 j29750 j29751 j29752 j29753 j29754 j29755 j29756 j29757 j29758 j29759 j29760 j29761 j29762 j29763 j29764 j29765 j29766 j29767 j29768 j29769 j29770 j29771 j29772 j29773 j29774 j29775 j29776 j29777 j29778 j29779 j29780 j29781 Bronze inscriptions b19855 b19856 b19857 b19858 b19859 b19860 b19861 b19862 b19863 b19864 b19865 b19866 b19867 b19868 b19869 b19870 b19871 b19872 b19873 b19874 b19875 b19876 b19877 b19878 b19879 b19880 b19881 b19882 b19883 Small seal script s10919 Transcribed ancient scripts L34450 L34451 L14821 L14822 L14823 L14824 L14825 L14826 L14827 L14828
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (五) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
吾	ŋraː, ŋaː
衙	ŋraː, ŋa, *ŋaʔ
鼯	*ŋaː
浯	*ŋaː
珸	*ŋaː
郚	*ŋaː
齬	ŋaː, ŋa, *ŋaʔ
鯃	*ŋaː
娪	*ŋaː
梧	*ŋaː
峿	*ŋaː
五	*ŋaːʔ
伍	*ŋaːʔ
寤	*ŋaːs
啎	*ŋaːs
晤	*ŋaːs
悟	*ŋaːs
逜	*ŋaːs
窹	*ŋaːs
捂	*ŋaːs
鋙	ŋa, ŋaʔ
語	ŋaʔ, ŋas
圄	*ŋaʔ
敔	*ŋaʔ

Originally written 𠄡, consisting of 㐅 with a bar on the top and bottom. One hypothesis explains that this may have meant five because when counting on a single hand, one first counts to five and then crosses back the other way to ten.

In 韋, the upper component (𫝀) is the stylization of a footprint, hence it is similar but unrelated to 五.

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		五
alternative forms		伍 financial 㐅𠄡𫝀

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l/b-ŋa (“five”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): wǔ (wu³)

(Zhuyin): ㄨˇ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): wu³

(Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): wù

(Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): wǔ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ву (vu, II)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ng⁵

(Dongguan, Jyutping++): m⁵

(Taishan, Wiktionary): m²

(Yangjiang, Jyutping++): ung²
Gan (Wiktionary): ng³ / u³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ńg

(Hailu, HRS): ng^ˊ

(Meixian, Guangdong): n³
Jin (Wiktionary): vu²
Northern Min (KCR): ngù
Eastern Min (BUC): ngô / ngū
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gou³ / ngou⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): gō͘ / gǒ͘ / ňg / ngó͘ / gó͘ / gú

(Teochew, Peng'im): ngou⁶ / ngou² / u²

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): ngeu⁶ / ngu²
Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): ngu⁵
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶ng / ⁴n / ⁴ng / ⁶m / ³ng / ²ng / ¹u / ⁵u / ³u / ¹ou / ⁴wu / ²wu
- (Jinhua): ³ng; ³u
Xiang
(Changsha, Wiktionary): u³

(Loudi, Wiktionary): u³

(Hengyang, Wiktionary): u³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄨˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wǔ
  - Wade–Giles: wu³
  - Yale: wǔ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wuu
  - Palladius: у (u)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: wu³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: u
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /vu⁵³/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin: wù
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u⁵³/
- (Nanjing)
  - Nanjing Pinyin: wǔ
  - Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): wu³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u¹¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ву (vu, II)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /vou⁵¹/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: ng⁵
  - Yale: ńgh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ng⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: ng⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋ̍¹³/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
  - Jyutping++: m⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /m̩¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: m²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /m̩⁵⁵/
- (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
  - Jyutping++: ung²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʊŋ²¹/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: ng³ / u³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋ̍²¹³/, /u²¹³/

Note:

ng3 - vernacular;
u3 - literary (e.g. 五香).

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ńg
  - Hakka Romanization System: ng^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ng³
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋ̍³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: ng^ˊ
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: n³
  - Sinological IPA: /n̩³¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: vu²
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /vu⁵³/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngù
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋu⁴²/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ngô / ngū
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋou²⁴²/, /ŋu³³/

Note:

ngô - vernacular;
ngū - literary.

Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gou³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔu⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gou³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔu³³²/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ngou⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔu²¹/

Note:

ngou5 - vernacular;
gou3 - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Changtai, Zhangpu, Yongchun, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Yilan, Sanxia, Magong, Kinmen, Penang, Singapore, Klang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gō͘
  - Tâi-lô: gōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: go
  - IPA (Zhangpu): /ɡɔu³³/
  - IPA (Changtai): /ɡeu²²/
  - IPA (Penang): /ɡɔ²¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Yongchun, Kinmen, Singapore): /ɡɔ²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /ɡɔ³³/
  - IPA (Klang): /ɡɔ³¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Lukang, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gǒ͘
  - Tâi-lô: gǒo
  - IPA (Jinjiang, Lukang, Philippines): /ɡɔ³³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Nan'an, Hui'an): /ɡɔ²²/
- (Hokkien: Longyan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ňg
  - Tâi-lô: ňg
  - IPA (Longyan): /ŋ̍⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Changtai, General Taiwanese, Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngó͘
  - Tâi-lô: ngóo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ngor
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Changtai, Taipei): /ŋɔ̃⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ŋɔ̃⁴¹/
  - IPA (Penang): /ŋɔ⁴⁴⁵/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Zhangpu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gó͘
  - Tâi-lô: góo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gor
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an): /ɡɔ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangpu): /ɡɔu⁵³/
  - IPA (Hui'an): /ɡɔ⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Longyan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gú
  - Tâi-lô: gú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: guo
  - IPA (Longyan): /ɡu²¹/

Note:

gō͘/gǒ͘/ňg - vernacular;
ngó͘/gó͘/gú - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: ngou⁶ / ngou² / u²
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngŏu / ngóu / ú
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋou³⁵/, /ŋou⁵²/, /u⁵²/

Note:

ngou6 - vernacular;
ngou2, u2 - literary.

(Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: ngeu⁶ / ngu²
- Sinological IPA: /ŋɛu³³/, /ŋu³¹/

Note:

ngeu6 - vernacular;
ngu2 - literary.

Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
  - Jyutping++: ngu⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋu²⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Ningbo)
  - Wugniu: ⁶ng
  - MiniDict: ng^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhngg
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ŋ̍²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /ŋ̍¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ŋ̍²³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /ŋ̍¹¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /ŋ̍¹¹³/
- (Northern: Chongming)
  - Wugniu: ⁴n
  - MiniDict: n^上
  - Sinological IPA (Chongming): /ɦn̩²⁴²/
- (Northern: Jiading, Chuansha, Yixing, Jiaxing, Haining, Haiyan, Deqing, Xiaoshan, Shaoxing, Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu: ⁴ng
  - MiniDict: ng^上
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /ŋ̍¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Chuansha): /ŋ̍²¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Yixing): /ŋ̍³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /ŋ̍²¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Haining): /ŋ̍⁴²/
  - Sinological IPA (Haiyan): /ŋ̍²³²/
  - Sinological IPA (Deqing): /ŋ̍³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiaoshan): /ŋ̍²¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /ŋ̍¹¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /ŋ̍²⁴/
- (Northern: Kunshan)
  - Wugniu: ⁶m
  - Sinological IPA (Kunshan): /m̩²¹³/
- (Northern: Changzhou, Tongxiang)
  - Wugniu: ³ng
  - MiniDict: 'ng^上
  - Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /ŋ̍⁴⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /ŋ̍⁵³/
- (Northern: Cixi)
  - Wugniu: ²ng
  - Sinological IPA (Cixi): /ŋ̍¹⁴/
- (Northern: Shanghai, Chongming)
  - Wugniu: ¹u
  - MiniDict: u^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹u
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /u⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Chongming): /ʔu⁵⁵/
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading)
  - Wugniu: ⁵u
  - MiniDict: u^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²u
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /u³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /u³⁴/
- (Northern: Jiading, Changzhou, Jingjiang, Tongxiang, Hangzhou)
  - Wugniu: ³u
  - MiniDict: u^上
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /u³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /u⁴⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Jingjiang): /u³⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /u⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /u⁵³/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ¹ou
  - MiniDict: ou^平
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /əu⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Jiaxing, Haining, Haiyan, Xiaoshan, Shaoxing, Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu: ⁴wu
  - MiniDict: wu^上
  - Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /ɦu²¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Haining): /ɦu⁴²/
  - Sinological IPA (Haiyan): /ɦu²³²/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiaoshan): /ɦu²¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /ɦu¹¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /ɦu²⁴/
- (Northern: Cixi)
  - Wugniu: ²wu
  - Sinological IPA (Cixi): /ɦu¹⁴/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu: ³ng; ³u
  - Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /ŋ̍⁵³⁵/, /u⁵³⁵/

Note:

ng - vernacular;
(o)u, wu - literary;
⁶ng (Hangzhou) - younger speakers only, influenced by nearby lects.

Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: u³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u⁴¹/
- (Loudi)
  - Wiktionary: u³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u⁴²/
- (Hengyang)
  - Wiktionary: u³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u³³/

Middle Chinese: nguX

Rime
Character	五
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	疑古切
Baxter	nguX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋuo^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋuo^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋo^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɔ^X/
Li Rong	/ŋo^X/
Wang Li	/ŋu^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋuo^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ng⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*C.ŋˤaʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ŋaːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	五
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ ngu^X ›
Old Chinese	/*C.ŋˁaʔ/
English	five
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	五
Reading #	1/1
No.	13147
Phonetic component	五
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	五
Old Chinese	/*ŋaːʔ/

Definitions

五

five
a surname. Wu (mainland China, Taiwan), Ng (Hong Kong)
(printing) The size of type between 小五 (xiǎowǔ) (little 5) and 小四 (xiǎosì) (little 4), standardized as 10½ point.

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (五):

→ Japanese: 五(ご) (go)
→ Korean: 오(五) (o)
→ Vietnamese: ngũ (五)

Others:

→ Proto-Tai: *haːꟲ (“five”)
- Northern Tai
  - Bouyei: hac
  - Saek: ฮ̂า
  - Tai Do: ha
  - Zhuang: haj
- Central Tai
  - Nùng: hà
  - Tày: hả
- Southwestern Tai
  - Ahom: 𑜑𑜡 (hā)
  - Lao: ຫ້າ (hā)
  - Lü: ᦠᦱᧉ (ḣaa²)
  - Northern Thai: ᩉ᩶ᩣ
  - Shan: ႁႃႈ (hāa)
  - Tai Dam: ꪬ꫁ꪱ
  - Tai Nüa: ᥞᥣᥲ (hàa)
  - Thai: ห้า (hâa)

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		五

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wǔ (wu³)

(Zhuyin): ㄨˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wu¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄨˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wǔ
  - Wade–Giles: wu³
  - Yale: wǔ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wuu
  - Palladius: у (u)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: wu¹
  - Yale: wū
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wu¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: wu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuː⁵⁵/

Definitions

五

(music) Kunqu gongche notation for the note la (6).
(music) Cantonese opera gongche notation for the note la (6).

Derived terms

伍 (wǔ)
鿉 (wǔ)

References

“五”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “五”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 236.
莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “五”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 407.

Japanese

**Japanese cardinal numbers**
< 4	5	6 >
Cardinal : 五

Kanji

五

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

five

Readings

Go-on: ご (go, Jōyō)
Kan-on: ご (go, Jōyō)
Kun: いつ (itsu, 五, Jōyō)、いつつ (itsutsu, 五つ, Jōyō)
Nanori: い (i)、さ (sa)、さつ (satsu)、ち (chi)、ふ (fu)、み (mi)、め (me)

Compounds

五(ご)節(せっ)句(く) (gosekku, “the five seasonal festivals of the Japanese calendar”)
五(ご)悪(あく) (Goaku, “(Buddhism) the Five Evils”)
五(ご)位(い)鷺(さぎ) (goisagi), 五(ゴ)位(イ)鷺(サギ) (goisagi, “night heron”)
五(ご)十(じっ)歩(ぽ)百(ひゃっ)歩(ぽ) (gojippo hyappo), 五(ご)十(じゅっ)歩(ぽ)百(ひゃっ)歩(ぽ) (gojuppo hyappo)
五(ご)音(おん)音(おん)階(かい) (gōn onkai, “pentatonic scale”)
五(ご)戒(かい) (Gokai, “(Buddhism) the Five Precepts”)
五(ご)角(かく)形(けい) (gokakukei), 五(ご)角(かっ)形(けい) (gokakkei, “pentagon”)
五(ご)官(かん) (gokan, “the five sense organs”)
五(ご)感(かん) (gokan, “the five senses”)
五(ご)経(きょう) (Gokyō, “(Confucianism) Four Books and Five Classics”)
五(ご)桁(けた) (goketa)
五(ご)月(がつ) (gogatsu), 五(さつ)月(き) (satsuki), 五(サツ)月(キ) (satsuki, “May”)
五(ご)言(ごん)絶(ぜっ)句(く) (gogonzekku)
五(ご)言(ごん)律(りっ)詩(し) (gogonrisshi)
五(ご)更(こう) (gokō)
五(ご)行(ぎょう) (Gogyō, “Wu Xing”)
五(ご)穀(こく) (gokoku)
五(ご)彩(さい) (gosai)
五(ご)指(し) (goshi, “five fingers”)
五(ご)種(しゅ)競(きょう)技(ぎ) (goshu kyōgi, “pentathlon”)
五(いつ)重(え) (itsue)
五(ご)旬(じゅん)節(せつ) (gojunsetsu)
五(ご)書(しょ) (gosho)
五(ご)女(じょ) (gojo)
五(ご)常(じょう) (Gojō, “the five Confucian virtues”)
五(ご)情(じょう) (Gojō, “the Five Passions”)
五(ご)色(しき) (goshiki)
五(ご)人(にん)組(ぐみ) (Goningumi, “Five Households (Edo era civil defence units)”)
五(ご)人(にん)囃(ばや)子(し) (goninbayashi)
五(ご)寸(すん)釘(くぎ) (gosun kugi, “a long nail, roughly 15 cm in length”)
五(ご)節(せつ) (gosetsu)
五(ご)線(せん) (gosen)
五(ご)臓(ぞう) (gozō)
五(ご)体(たい) (gotai)
五(ご)段(だん) (godan)
五(ご)男(なん) (gonan)
五(ご)斗(と)米(べい) (gotobei)
五(ご)徳(とく) (gotoku)
五倍子(ふし) (fushi)
五(ご)風(ふう)十(じゅう)雨(う) (gofū jūu, “clement weather (literally, “five days and one is windy, ten days and one is rainy”)”)
五(ご)分(ぶ) (gobu), 五(ご)分(ふん) (gofun), 五(ご)分(ぶん) (gobun)
五(ご)辺(へん)形(けい) (gohenkei)
五(ご)面(めん)体(たい) (gomentai, “pentahedron”)
五(ご)目(もく) (gomoku, “mixture”)
五(ご)里(り)霧(む)中(ちゅう) (gori muchū, “totally lost, groping in the dark (literally, “five leagues in the fog”)”)
五(ご)稜(りょう)郭(かく) (Goryōkaku, “Goryōkaku, a star-shaped fort in Hakodate”)
五(ご)稜(りょう)堡(ほ) (goryōho)
五(ご)倫(りん) (Gorin, “Gorin, the five Confucian virtues”)
五(ご)輪(りん) (Gorin, “Olympics”)
五(ご)芒(ぼう) (gobō, “pentagram”)
弦(げん)楽(がく)五(ご)重(じゅう)奏(��う) (gengaku gojūsō, “string quintet”)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
五
いつ Grade: 1
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *etu.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) いつ [íꜜtsù] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA^(key): [it͡sɨ]

(Kyoto, Osaka) いつ [íꜜtsù] (Kōki)

Noun

五(いつ) • (itsu)

five

Derived terms

五(いつ)つ (itsutsu)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
五
ご Grade: 1
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 五 (MC nguX). Compare modern Hokkien reading gō͘.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ご [góꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA^(key): [ɡo̞]

Audio: (file)

(Kyoto, Osaka) ご [gó] (Kōki – [0])

Noun

五(ご) • (go)

five
a name of a hole of a wind instrument

Coordinate terms

Japanese numbers
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Regular	零(れい) (rei) 零(ゼロ) (zero)	一(いち) (ichi)	二(に) (ni)	三(さん) (san)	四(よん) (yon) 四(し) (shi)	五(ご) (go)	六(ろく) (roku)	七(なな) (nana) 七(しち) (shichi)	八(はち) (hachi)	九(きゅう) (kyū) 九(く) (ku)	十(じゅう) (jū)
Formal	零(れい) (rei) 零(ゼロ) (zero)	壱(いち) (ichi)	弐(に) (ni)	参(さん) (san)	四(よん) (yon) 四(し) (shi)	五(ご) (go)	六(ろく) (roku)	七(なな) (nana) 七(しち) (shichi)	八(はち) (hachi)	九(きゅう) (kyū) 九(く) (ku)	拾(じゅう) (jū)
	90	100	300	600	800	1,000	3,000	8,000	10,000	100,000,000
Regular	九(きゅう)十(じゅう) (kyūjū)	百(ひゃく) (hyaku) 一(いっ)百(ぴゃく) (ippyaku)	三(さん)百(びゃく) (sanbyaku)	六(ろっ)百(ぴゃく) (roppyaku)	八(はっ)百(ぴゃく) (happyaku)	千(せん) (sen) 一(いっ)千(せん) (issen)	三(さん)千(ぜん) (sanzen)	八(はっ)千(せん) (hassen)	一(いち)万(まん) (ichiman)	一(いち)億(おく) (ichioku)
Formal	九(きゅう)十(じゅう) (kyūjū)	百(ひゃく) (hyaku) 一(いっ)百(ぴゃく) (ippyaku)	三(さん)百(びゃく) (sanbyaku)	六(ろっ)百(ぴゃく) (roppyaku)	八(はっ)百(ぴゃく) (happyaku)	千(せん) (sen) 一(いっ)千(せん) (issen)	三(さん)千(ぜん) (sanzen)	八(はっ)千(せん) (hassen)	一(いち)萬(まん) (ichiman)	一(いち)億(おく) (ichioku)
	10¹²	8×10¹²	10¹³	10¹⁶	6×10¹⁶	8×10¹⁶	10¹⁷	10¹⁸
	一(いっ)兆(ちょう) (itchō)	八(はっ)兆(ちょう) (hatchō)	十(じゅっ)兆(ちょう) (jutchō)	一(いっ)京(けい) (ikkei)	六(ろっ)京(けい) (rokkei)	八(はっ)京(けい) (hakkei)	十(じゅっ)京(けい) (jukkei)	百(ひゃっ)京(けい) (hyakkei)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
五
い Grade: 1
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [i]

Noun

五(い) • (i)

five

Korean

Etymology

**Korean numbers ^(edit)**
	50
← 4	5	6 →
Native isol.: 다섯 (daseot) Native attr.: 다섯 (daseot), (archaic) 닷 (dat) Sino-Korean: 오 (o) Hanja: 五 Ordinal: 다섯째 (daseotjjae)

From Middle Chinese 五 (MC nguX).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	ᅌᅩᆼ〯 (Yale: ngwǒ)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
Text	*Gloss (hun)*	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527^[2]	다ᄉᆞᆺ〮 (Yale: tàsós)	오〯 (Yale: wǒ)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [o̞(ː)]
Phonetic hangul: [오(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

五

Wikisource

五 (eumhun 다섯 오 (daseot o))

hanja form^? of 오 (“five”)

Compounds

오곡 (五穀, ogok)
오만 (五萬, oman)
오십 (五十, osip)
오온 (五蘊, oon)
오월 (五月, owol)
오행 (五行, ohaeng)
십오 (十五, sibo)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

Han character

五: Hán Việt readings: ngũ^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]
五: Nôm readings: ngũ^[1]^[3]^[5], ngủ^[1], ngỗ^[1]

chữ Hán form of ngũ (“five”).

Compounds

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
^ Trần (2004).
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Bonet (1899).
^ Génibrel (1898).
^ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

Zhuang

Numeral

五

Sawndip form of haj (“five”)

[tdcntd-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Nguyễn et al. (2009).

[gdhn-2] Trần (2004).

[bonet-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Bonet (1899).

[genibrel-4] Génibrel (1898).

[taberd-5] Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

[1]

Chinese numbers
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	10²	10³	10⁴	10⁶	10⁸	10¹²
Normal (小寫／小写)	〇, 零, 空	一, 蜀	二, 兩／两	三	四	五	六	七	八	九	十	百	千	萬／万, 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore)	百萬／百万, 桶(Philippines), 面桶 (Philippines)	億／亿	兆 (Taiwan) 萬億／万亿 (Mainland China)
Financial (大寫／大写)	零	壹	貳／贰	參／叁	肆	伍	陸／陆	柒	捌	玖	拾	佰	仟	萬／万, 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore)	百萬／百万, 桶(Philippines), 面桶 (Philippines)	億／亿	兆 (Taiwan) 萬億／万亿 (Mainland China)