Dame Roma Flinders Mitchell, AC, DBE, CVO, QC (2 October 1913 – 5 March 2000)[1] was an Australian lawyer, judge and state governor. She was the first woman to hold a number of positions in Australia – the country's first woman judge, the first woman to be a Queen's Counsel, a chancellor of an Australian university and the Governor of an Australian state.
Dame Roma Mitchell | |
|---|---|
 Mitchell in 1965 | |
| 31st Governor of South Australia | |
| In office 6 February 1991 – 21 July 1996 | |
| Monarch | Elizabeth II |
| Premier | John Bannon (1991–1992) Lynn Arnold (1992–1993) Dean Brown (1993–1996) |
| Preceded by | Sir Donald Dunstan |
| Succeeded by | Sir Eric Neal |
| Judge of the Supreme Court of South Australia | |
| In office 23 September 1965 – 1 October 1983 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 2 October 1913 Adelaide, South Australia |
| Died | 5 March 2000 (aged 86) Adelaide, South Australia |
| Education | St Aloysius College, Adelaide |
| Alma mater | University of Adelaide |
| Profession | Judge |
Mitchell was considered to be a pioneer of the Australian women's rights movement. Her grandfather, Samuel James Mitchell, was the first Chief Justice of the Northern Territory.
Early life and education
editRoma Mitchell was born in Adelaide, South Australia, on 2 October 1913, the second daughter and youngest child of Harold and Maude Mitchell (née Wickham). She was an alumna of St Aloysius Convent College, Adelaide and the University of Adelaide.[2]
Career
editMitchell was admitted as a barrister in 1935. In 1962, she was appointed a Queen's Counsel.[3] As well as a practicing barrister, Mitchell was a lecturer in family law at the University of Adelaide and Margaret Nyland was one of her students, with Mitchell becoming a mentor to Nyland.[4] Mitchell was made the first female Justice of the Supreme Court of South Australia in 1965, at the recommendation of Don Dunstan, South Australia's 38th Attorney-General.[5] She was still the only female judge in South Australia when she retired 18 years later in 1983, although Justices Elizabeth Evatt and Mary Gaudron had been appointed to federal courts by the Whitlam government. It was not until 1993 that the second woman was appointed to the court, Mitchell's former student Margaret Nyland.[4]
Mitchell was Governor of South Australia from 1991 to 1996, Chancellor of the University of Adelaide from 1983 to 1990 and was a member of the Council for the Order of Australia from 1981 to 1990.
Honours
edit
Mitchell was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) on 12 June 1971.[6] She was raised to Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) on 12 June 1982.[7]
On 26 January 1991, Mitchell was appointed a Companion of the Order of Australia (AC), Australia's highest civilian honour, for services to the law, to learning, and to the community.[8] She was made a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (CVO) on 1 January 2000. Mitchell was to receive her honour directly from The Queen of Australia, however, as her health deteriorated, the Governor-General, Sir William Deane, flew to Adelaide and attended her bedside to bestow the honour in a private investiture.[9]
Roma Mitchell Secondary College in northern Adelaide was named for Dame Roma, as was Roma Mitchell House, on North Terrace, Adelaide. One of the Bay class patrol boats operated by the Australian Customs is named ACV Dame Roma Mitchell. A statue of Dame Roma, in Prince Henry Gardens, directly outside Government House, Adelaide, was erected in 1999.[10]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Index Mf-Mn". Rulers. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
- ^ Roe, Jill (Autumn 2008). "Review of Roma the First: A biography of Dame Roma Mitchell, by Susan Magarey and Kerrie Round" (PDF). Journal of Historical Biography. 4: 138–141.; M. Press, Some women in the Australian Church, Journal of the Australian Catholic Historical Society 30 (2009), 33–38.
- ^ "Australian Biography: Dame Roma Mitchell". National Film and Sound Archive. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
- ^ a b "The Honourable Margaret Nyland AM". Australian Women Lawyers. Retrieved 27 November 2017.
- ^ Margarey, Susan (1 April 2008). "Dame Roma Mitchell's Unmentionables: Sex, Politics and Religion". History Australia. 5: 12.1–12.20 – via ResearchGate.
- ^ "Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) entry for Judge Roma Flinders Mitchell". Australian Honours Database. Canberra, Australia: Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. 12 June 1971. Retrieved 5 December 2022.
- ^ "Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) entry for Judge Roma Flinders Mitchell". Australian Honours Database. Canberra, Australia: Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. 12 June 1982. Retrieved 5 December 2022.
- ^ "Companion of the Order of Australia (AC) entry for Her Excellency the Honourable Dame Roma Flinders Mitchell". Australian Honours Database. Canberra, Australia: Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. 26 January 1991. Retrieved 5 December 2022.
- ^ Debelle, Penelope (6 March 2000). "From the Archives, 2000: Australia mourns trailblazer Dame Roma Mitchell". The Age. Retrieved 5 December 2022.
- ^ "Dame Roma Mitchell Statue". SA History Hub.
External links
edit- South Australian history
- Bob Hawke Prime Ministerial Centre
- ABC Behind The News dedication to Roma Mitchell
- Women & Politics in South Australia
- Biography of Roma Mitchell
- John Howard's dedication to Roma Mitchell
- Mitchell Chambers
- "Glimpses of a Glorious Life"
- Mitchell, Roma Flinders at The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia