The Platyrhinidae are a family of rays, commonly known as thornbacks due to their dorsal rows of large thorns. They resemble guitarfishes in shape. Though traditionally classified with stingrays, molecular evidence suggests they are more closely related to electric rays in the order Torpediniformes.[1]
| Platyrhinidae Temporal range:
| |
|---|---|
| |
| Fanray (Platyrhina sinensis) | |
| |
| Thornback guitarfish (Platyrhinoidis triseriata) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Chondrichthyes |
| Subclass: | Elasmobranchii |
| Order: | Torpediniformes |
| Family: | Platyrhinidae D. S. Jordan, 1923 |
The earliest fossil member of this family is Tingitanius from the Late Cretaceous (Turonian) of the Akrabou Formation in Morocco, known from a three-dimensionally preserved juvenile specimen. Tingitanius is thought to be the sister genus to Platyrhinoidis. Stem-members of this family also known from fossil remains are Britobatos from the Santonian of Sahel Alma, Lebanon, Tethybatis from the Campanian/Maastrichtian of Nardo, Italy, and Eoplatyrhina from the Ypresian of Monte Bolca, Italy.[2][3]
Genera and species
edit- Genus Platyrhina J. P. Müller & Henle, 1838
- Platyrhina hyugaensis Iwatsuki, Miyamoto & Nakaya, 2011 (Hyuga fanray)
- Platyrhina sinensis Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801 (fanray)
- Platyrhina tangi Iwatsuki, J. Zhang & Nakaya, 2011 (yellow-spotted fanray)
- Genus Platyrhinoidis Garman 1881
- Platyrhinoidis triseriata D. S. Jordan & Gilbert, 1880 (thornback guitarfish)
The following fossil species are known:[2][3]
- Genus †Britobatos Claeson, Underwood & Ward, 2013
- Genus †Eoplatyrhina Marramà, Carnevale, Claeson, Naylor & Kriwet, 2020
- †E. bolcensis (Heckel, 1851) (=Platyrhina bolcensis Heckel, 1851)
- Genus †Tingitanius Claeson, Underwood & Ward, 2013
- †T. tenuimandibulus Claeson, Underwood & Ward, 2013
- Genus †Tethybatis de Carvalho, 2004
- †T. selachoides de Carvalho, 2004
References
edit- Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Family Platyrhinidae". FishBase. July 2013 version.
- ^ Aschliman, Neil C.; Nishida, Mutsumi; Miya, Masaki; Inoue, Jun G.; Rosana, Kerri M.; Naylor, Gavin J.P. (2012). "Body plan convergence in the evolution of skates and rays (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 63 (1). Elsevier BV: 28–42. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.12.012. ISSN 1055-7903.
- ^ a b Claeson, Kerin M.; Underwood, Charlie J.; Ward, David J. (2013). "† Tingitanius tenuimandibulus, a new platyrhinid batoid from the Turonian (Cretaceous) of Morocco and the cretaceous radiation of the Platyrhinidae". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 33 (5): 1019–1036. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.767266. ISSN 0272-4634.
- ^ a b Marramà, Giuseppe; Carnevale, Giorgio; Claeson, Kerin M.; Naylor, Gavin J. P.; Kriwet, Jürgen (2020-09-16). "Revision of the Eocene ' Platyrhina ' species from the Bolca Lagerstätte (Italy) reveals the first panray (Batomorphii: Zanobatidae) in the fossil record". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 18 (18): 1519–1542. doi:10.1080/14772019.2020.1783380. ISSN 1477-2019. PMC 7455076. PMID 32939187.
