List of theatrical animated short film series

The following is a list of theatrical short animated cartoon series ordered by the decade and year their first episode was released. Most notable animated film series were produced during the silent era and the Hollywood golden era.^[1] All series below are from the United States except as noted. A real time interval of movie releases can be wider than it is listed due to incomplete reliable information about a series.

1910s

Animated Weekly (1913)^[2]
The Newlyweds (1913 — 1915)^[3]
Travelaughs (1913, 1915 — 1918, 1921 — 1923)^[4]
Doc Yak (1913 — 1915)^[5]^[1]
Colonel Heeza Liar (1913 — 1917, 1922 — 1924)^[6]^[1]
Joe Boko (1914 — 1916)^[7]
The Police Dog (1914 — 1916)^[8]
The Animated Grouch Chasers (1915)^[9]
Dreamy Dud (1915 — 1916)^[10]
Otto Luck (1915)^[11]
Bobby Bumps (1915 — 1923, 1925)^[12]
Mile-a-Minute Monty (1915)^[13]
Keeping Up with the Joneses (1915 — 1916)^[14]
Vernon Howe Bailey's Sketchbook (1915 — 1916)^[15]
Phables (1915 — 1916 (initial name), 1916, 1919 (Joys and Gloom))^[16]
The Travels of Teddy (1915)^[17]
Sammie Johnsin (1916 — 1917)^[18]
Mr. Nobody Holme (1916)^[13]
Farmer Al Falfa (1916 — 1917, 1920, 1922 — 1923 (silent cartoons), 1931 — 1937 (sound cartoons))^[19]
Maud the Mule (1916)^[20]
Parcel Post Pete (1916)^[21]
Mutt and Jeff (1916 — 1923, 1925 — 1926)^[22]
Miss Nanny Goat (1916 — 1917)^[13]
Krazy Kat (1916 — 1917, 1920 — 1921, 1925 — 1929 (silent cartoons), 1929 — 1934 (sound black-and-white cartoons), 1935 — 1940 (sound cartoons in color))^[23]
The Trick Kids (1916)^[4]
Historical cartoons (1916 — 1919)^[24]
Toyland (1916)^[4]
Inbad the Sailor (1916)^[25]
The Boob Weekly (1916)^[12]
Fuller Pep (1916 — 1917)^[26]
Charlie (1916, 1918 — 1919)^[27]
Hans and Fritz (1916)^[28]
Kapten Grogg [sv] (1916 — 1922, from Sweden)^[29]^[1]
Happy Hooligan (1916 — 1921)^[30]
Jerry on the Job (1916 — 1917, 1919 — 1920)^[31]
Bringing Up Father (1916 — 1918)^[32]
The Katzenjammer Kids (1916 — 1918 (initial name, silent cartoons), 1920 (The Shenanigan Kids, silent cartoons), 1938 — 1939 (The Captain and the Kids, sound cartoons))^[33]
Boomer Bill (1917)^[32]
Hardrock Dome (1917)^[34]
Quacky Doodles (1917)^[18]
Picto Puzzles (1917)^[8]
Terry Feature Burlesques (1917)^[35]
Terry Human Interest Reels (1917)^[35]
Les Aventures des Pieds Nickelés (1917 — 1918, from France)^[36]^[1]
Box Car Bill (1917)^[32]
Abie the Agent (1917)^[37]
Rhyme Reels (1917)^[18]
Goodrich Dirt (1917 — 1919)^[28]
Flambeau (1917 — 1923, from France)^[38]
Out of the Inkwell (1918 — 1927 (initial name), 1927 — 1929 (Inkwell Imps))^[39]^[1]
Von Loon (1918)^[40]
Judge Rummy (1918 — 1921)^[7]
Tad Cartoons (1918 — 1920)^[35]
Us Fellers (1919 — 1920)^[15]
Felix the Cat (1919 — 1920, 1922 — 1928 (silent cartoons), 1929 — 1930 (sound black-and-white cartoons), 1936 (sound cartoons in color))^[41]
Becassotte (1919 — 1920, 1923, from France)^[42]

1920s

Screen Follies (1920)^[43]
Bud and Susie (1920 — 1921)^[32]
Lampoons (1920)^[44]
Ginger Snaps (1920)^[26]
The Gumps (1920 — 1921)^[28]
Silly Hoots (1920 — 1921)^[43]
Such is Life (1920 — 1922)^[35]
Peanut Comedies (1920 — 1921)^[45]
Aesop's Fables (1920 — 1929 (silent cartoons), 1928 — 1933, 1945, 1950 — 1953, 1955, 1960 (sound cartoons))^[46]
Scat Cat (1920)^[18]
Tony Sarg's Almanac (1921 — 1923)^[47]
Sketchografs (1921 — 1923, 1926)^[43]
Dreams of a Rarebit Fiend (1921)^[10]
Le Canard en ciné (1921 — 1923, from France)^[38]
Mécanicas (1921, 1923 — 1925, from France)^[48]
Toby (1921, from France)^[48]
Toto (1921 — 1924, from France)^[48]^[1]
Potiron (1921 — 1922, from France)^[38]
American Picture Book (1922)^[9]
Roving Thomas (1922 — 1923)^[18]
Hodge Podge (1922 — 1929)^[49]
Technical Romances (1922 — 1923)^[35]
Ink-Ravings (1922 — 1923)^[50]
Silliettes (1923 — 1925)^[43]
Fun from the Press (1923)^[26]
Tom and Jerry (1923)^[35]
Red Head Comedies (1923)^[18]
Alice Comedies (1924 — 1927)^[51]
Song Car-Tunes (1924 — 1927 (initial name, black-and-white cartoons), 1929 — 1938 (Screen Songs, black-and-white cartoons), 1947 — 1951 (Screen Songs, cartoons in color))^[52]
Historiets (1924)^[49]
Dinky Doodle (1924 — 1926)^[5]^[53]
Animated Hair (1924 — 1927)^[9]
Animated Crosswords (1925)^[9]
Judge's Crossword Puzzles (1925)^[7]
Ebenezer Ebony (1925)^[10]
Un-Natural History (1925 — 1927)^[54]
Little Ebony (1925 — 1926)^[20]
Colored Cartoon Comics (1925)^[5]
Popular Song Parodies (1926)^[8]
Scenic Sketchographs (1926)^[18]
Pete the Pup (1926 — 1927)^[45]
Camera Mysteries (1926)^[32]
Outlandish History (1926)^[55]
Oswald the Lucky Rabbit (1927 — 1928 (silent cartoons), 1929 — 1938, 1943 (sound cartoons))^[56]
Newslaffs (1927 — 1928)^[3]
Inklings (1927 — 1928)^[50]
Mickey Mouse (1928 — 1942, 1947 — 1948, 1951 — 1953, 1983, 1990,^[57] 1995,^[58] 2013^[59])
Silly Symphonies (1929 — 1939)^[60]^[1]
Talkartoons (1929 — 1932)^[61]^[1]

1930s

Flip the Frog (1930 — 1933)^[62]^[1]
Toby the Pup (1930 — 1931)^[63]
Merrie Melodies (1931 — 1969, 1988)
Scrappy (1931 — 1939)
Tom and Jerry (1931 — 1933)
Betty Boop (1932 — 1939)
Puppetoons (1932 — 1947)
Pooch the Pup (1932 — 1933)
ComiColor Cartoons (1933 — 1936)
Cubby Bear (1933 — 1934)
The Little King (1933 — 1934)
Norakuro (1933 — c. 1939; from Japan)
Popeye the Sailor (1933 — 1957)
Willie Whopper (1933 — 1934)
Amos & Andy (1934)
Burt Gillett's Toodle Tales (1934)
Color Classics (1934 — 1941)
Happy Harmonies (1934 — 1938)
Rainbow Parade (1934 — 1936)
Walter Lantz Cartune Specials (1934 — 1961)
Color Rhapsodies (1934 — 1949)
Puddy the Pup (1935 — 1942)
Mish Mish Effendi (1936 — 1951)
Kiko the Kangaroo (1936 — 1937)
Meany, Miny, and Moe (1936 — 1937)
Nicky Nome (1936 — 1939)
Donald Duck (1937 — 1961)
Pluto (1937 — 1951)
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Cartoons (1937 — 1967)
Baby-Face Mouse (1938 — 1939)
Gandy Goose (1938 — 1955)
Walt Disney Specials (1938 — present)
Andy Panda (1939 — 1949)
Barney Bear (1939 — 1945, 1948 — 1949, 1952 — 1954)
Count Screwloose (1939)
Goofy (1939 — 1965, 2007)
Lil' Eightball (1939)
The Bear Family (1939 — 1940)
Dinky Duck (1939 — 1957)

1940s

Animated Antics (1940 — 1941)
Stone Age Cartoons (1940 — 1941)
Tom and Jerry (1940 — 1958, 1961 — 1967)
Gabby (1940 — 1941)
Woody Woodpecker (1941 — 1972)
Paramount Cartoon Specials (1941 — 1992)
Superman (1941 — 1943)
Swing Symphonies (1941 — 1945)
Nancy (1942)
Mighty Mouse (1942 — 1961)
Abu (1943 — 1945; from the United Kingdom; by Halas and Batchelor)
Figaro (1943 — 1947)
Noveltoons (1943 — 1967)
Little Lulu (1943 — 1948)
Droopy (1943 — 1958)
Red (1943 — 1949)
The Fox and the Crow (1943 — 1946)
Screwy Squirrel (1944 — 1946)
Li'l Abner (1944)
Flippity and Flop (1945 — 1947)
Charley (1946 — 1947; from the United Kingdom)
George and Junior (1946 — 1948)
Heckle and Jeckle (1946 — 1966)
Musical Miniatures (1946 — 1948)
Bubble and Squeek (1947 — 1948; from the United Kingdom)
Charlie Horse (1947)
Animaland (1948 — 1949; from the United Kingdom)
Musical Paintbox (1948 — 1949; from the United Kingdom)
Spike (1949 — 1957)
Jerky Journeys (1949)
Jolly Frolics (1949 — 1953)

1950s

The Nearsighted Mister Magoo (1950 — 1959)
Casper the Friendly Ghost (1950 — 1959)
Little Roquefort (1950 — 1955)
Chip 'n' Dale (1951 — 1954)
Kartunes (1951 — 1953)
Terry Bears (1951 — 1956)
Herman and Katnip (1952 — 1959)
Chilly Willy (1953 — 1972)
Maw and Paw (1953 — 1955)
UPA Cartoon Specials (1953 — 1956)
Gerald McBoing-Boing (1954 — 1956)
Maggie and Sam (1955 — 1957)
Mole (1956 — present; from Czechoslovakia/Czech Republic)
Spike and Tyke (1957)
Ham and Hattie (1958 — 1959)
Modern Madcaps (1958 — 1967)
Sidney the Elephant (1958 — 1963)
Hector Heathcote (1959 — 1971)
Hickory, Dickory, and Doc (later Doc, 1959 — 1962)
Loopy De Loop (1959 — 1965)

1960s

Jeepers and Creepers (1960)
Mr. Rossi (1960 — 1974; from Italy)
The Cat (1961)
Inspector Willoughby (1961 — 1965)
Comic Kings (1962 — 1963)
Deputy Dawg (1962 — 1963)
The Beary Family (1962 — 1972)
Swifty and Shorty (1964 — 1965)
Pink Panther (1964 — 1980, 1995)
Honey Halfwitch (1965 — 1967)
The Inspector (1965 — 1969)
Nudnik (1965 — 1967; from Czechoslovakia/Czech Republic)
James Hound (1966 — 1967)
Winnie the Pooh (1966 — 1983)
Mortadelo y Filemón, Agencia de Información (Mort and Phil, Information Agency) (1966 — 1970; from Spain)
Mighty Heroes (1966 — 1967)
Merry Makers (1967)
GoGo Toons (1967)
Fractured Fables (1967)
Roland and Rattfink (1968 — 1971)
Warner Bros. Cartoon Specials (1968)
The Ant and the Aardvark (1969 — 1971)
Tijuana Toads/Texas Toads (1969 — 1972)
Nu, pogodi! (1969 — 2006; from the Soviet Union/Russia)
Vinni Pukh (1969 — 1972; from the Soviet Union/Russia)

1970s

The Three Fools (1970 — 1990; from Bulgaria)
The Blue Racer (1972 — 1974)
Hoot Kloot (1973 — 1974)
The Dogfather (1974 — 1976)

1980s

Doraemon (1981 — present; from Japan)
Roger Rabbit (1989 — 1993)
Wallace and Gromit (1989 — present; from the United Kingdom)

1990s

Let's Go! Anpanman (1990 — present; from Japan)
Pikachu shorts (1998 — present; from Japan)
Astro Boy (1999 — 2004; from Japan)

2000s

Dahov (2007 — 2010; from Russia)
Cars Toons: Mater's Tall Tales (2008 — 2012)

2010s

Toy Story Toons (2011 — 2012)
Cars Toons: Tales from Radiator Springs (2013 — 2014)
Minions (2016 — 2023)
SparkShorts (2019 — 2024)

2020s

Short Circuit (2020 — 2022)

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Федюшин 2023.
^ Bastide 2007.
^ ^a ^b Lenburg 2009, p. 38.
^ ^a ^b ^c Lenburg 2009, p. 48.
^ ^a ^b ^c Lenburg 2009, p. 23.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 22 — 23.
^ ^a ^b ^c Lenburg 2009, p. 32.
^ ^a ^b ^c Lenburg 2009, p. 44.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Lenburg 2009, p. 19.
^ ^a ^b ^c Lenburg 2009, p. 24.
^ Lenburg 2009, p. 39.
^ ^a ^b Lenburg 2009, p. 20.
^ ^a ^b ^c Lenburg 2009, p. 36.
^ Lenburg 2009, p. 33.
^ ^a ^b Lenburg 2009, p. 49.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 32, 43 — 44.
^ Knudde 2024b.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Lenburg 2009, p. 45.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 24 — 25, 78 — 79.
^ ^a ^b Lenburg 2009, p. 35.
^ Lenburg 2009, p. 42.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 36 — 38.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 33 — 34, 96 — 97.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 29 — 30.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 30 — 31.
^ ^a ^b ^c Lenburg 2009, p. 26.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 21 — 22.
^ ^a ^b ^c Lenburg 2009, p. 28.
^ Giannalberto 2015, p. 67.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 28 — 29.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 31 — 32.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Lenburg 2009, p. 21.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 33, 46, 63 — 64.
^ Lenburg 2009, p. 29.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Lenburg 2009, p. 47.
^ Loné 2007.
^ Lenburg 2009, p. 16.
^ ^a ^b ^c Carou 2009.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 31, 39 — 40.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 49 — 50.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 25 — 26, 79.
^ Le Roy 2009a.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Lenburg 2009, p. 46.
^ Lenburg 2009, p. 34.
^ ^a ^b Lenburg 2009, p. 43.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 16 — 18, 51 — 52.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 47 — 48.
^ ^a ^b ^c Le Roy 2009b.
^ ^a ^b Lenburg 2009, p. 30.
^ ^a ^b Lenburg 2009, p. 31.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 18 — 19.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 46 — 47, 129 — 131.
^ Knudde 2024a.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 48 — 49.
^ Knudde 2024c.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 38 — 39, 113 — 114.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 106 — 108.
^ Runaway Brain.
^ Get a Horse.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 131 — 133.
^ Lenburg 2009, pp. 138 — 139.
^ Lenburg 2009, p. 80.
^ Lenburg 2009, p. 143.

References

Lenburg, Jeff (2009). The Encyclopedia of Animated Cartoons (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Facts On File. ISBN 978-0-8160-6599-8.
Giannalberto, Bendazzi (2015). Animation. Vol. 1. Burlington, MA: Focal Press. ISBN 9781138854529.
Bastide, Bernard (2007). "Des cabarets de Montmartre aux studios de Fort Lee: Émile Cohl et Étienne Arnaud, une amitié fertile". OpenEdition Journals (in French). 53. 1895. Mille huit cent quatre-vingt-quinze: 194–209. doi:10.4000/1895.2473. Archived from the original on December 15, 2024. Retrieved July 4, 2024.
Loné, Éric (2007). "Les Aventures des Pieds Nickelés". OpenEdition Journals (in French). 53. 1895. Mille huit cent quatre-vingt-quinze: 324–325. doi:10.4000/1895.2593. Archived from the original on December 15, 2024. Retrieved July 4, 2024.
Carou, Alain (2009). "Le Canard en ciné, série satirique". OpenEdition Journals (in French). 59. 1895. Mille huit cent quatre-vingt-quinze: 184–197. doi:10.4000/1895.3926. Archived from the original on December 26, 2024. Retrieved July 2, 2024.
Le Roy, Éric (2009). "Filmographies de Marius O'Galop et Robert Lortac". OpenEdition Journals (in French). 59. 1895. Mille huit cent quatre-vingt-quinze: 280–288. doi:10.4000/1895.3945. Archived from the original on December 4, 2024. Retrieved July 2, 2024.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
Le Roy, Éric (2009). "Robert Lortac". OpenEdition Journals (in French). 59. 1895. Mille huit cent quatre-vingt-quinze: 289–324. doi:10.4000/1895.3946. Archived from the original on December 4, 2024. Retrieved July 2, 2024.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
Knudde, Kjell (November 20, 2024). "J.R. Bray". Comiclopedia. Archived from the original on October 8, 2024. Retrieved November 26, 2024.
Knudde, Kjell (November 20, 2024). "Otto Messmer". Comiclopedia. Archived from the original on November 12, 2024. Retrieved November 26, 2024.
Knudde, Kjell (December 7, 2024). "Walter Lantz". Comiclopedia. Archived from the original on November 12, 2024. Retrieved December 8, 2024.
"Runaway Brain". The Swedish Film Database. Retrieved October 9, 2024.
"Get a Horse". Disney. Retrieved August 13, 2024.
Федюшин, Владислав Валерьевич (October 6, 2023). "Анимационный сериал" [Animated series]. Научно-образовательный портал «Большая российская энциклопедия» [Great Russian Encyclopedia Online] (in Russian). Archived from the original on December 3, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2024.

[FOOTNOTEФедюшин2023-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Федюшин 2023.

[FOOTNOTEBastide2007-2] Bastide 2007.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage38mode2up_38]-3] Lenburg 2009, p. 38.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage48mode2up_48]-4] Lenburg 2009, p. 48.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage22mode2up_23]-5] Lenburg 2009, p. 23.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage22mode2up_22]_—_23-6] Lenburg 2009, pp. 22 — 23.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage32mode2up_32]-7] Lenburg 2009, p. 32.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage44mode2up_44]-8] Lenburg 2009, p. 44.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage18mode2up_19]-9] Lenburg 2009, p. 19.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage24mode2up_24]-10] Lenburg 2009, p. 24.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage38mode2up_39]-11] Lenburg 2009, p. 39.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage20mode2up_20]-12] Lenburg 2009, p. 20.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage36mode2up_36]-13] Lenburg 2009, p. 36.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage32mode2up_33]-14] Lenburg 2009, p. 33.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage48mode2up_49]-15] Lenburg 2009, p. 49.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage32mode2up_32],_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage42mode2up_43]_—_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage44mode2up_44]-16] Lenburg 2009, pp. 32, 43 — 44.

[FOOTNOTEKnudde2024b-17] Knudde 2024b.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage44mode2up_45]-18] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Lenburg 2009, p. 45.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage24mode2up_24]_—_25,_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage78mode2up_78]_—_79-19] Lenburg 2009, pp. 24 — 25, 78 — 79.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage34mode2up_35]-20] Lenburg 2009, p. 35.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage42mode2up_42]-21] Lenburg 2009, p. 42.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage36mode2up_36]_—_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage38mode2up_38]-22] Lenburg 2009, pp. 36 — 38.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage32mode2up_33]_—_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage34mode2up_34],_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage96mode2up_96]_—_97-23] Lenburg 2009, pp. 33 — 34, 96 — 97.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage28mode2up_29]_—_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage30mode2up_30]-24] Lenburg 2009, pp. 29 — 30.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage30mode2up_30]_—_31-25] Lenburg 2009, pp. 30 — 31.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage26mode2up_26]-26] Lenburg 2009, p. 26.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage20mode2up_21]_—_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage22mode2up_22]-27] Lenburg 2009, pp. 21 — 22.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage28mode2up_28]-28] Lenburg 2009, p. 28.

[FOOTNOTEGiannalberto201567-29] Giannalberto 2015, p. 67.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage28mode2up_28]_—_29-30] Lenburg 2009, pp. 28 — 29.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage30mode2up_31]_—_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage32mode2up_32]-31] Lenburg 2009, pp. 31 — 32.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage20mode2up_21]-32] Lenburg 2009, p. 21.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage32mode2up_33],_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage46mode2up_46],_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage62mode2up_63]_—_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage64mode2up_64]-33] Lenburg 2009, pp. 33, 46, 63 — 64.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage28mode2up_29]-34] Lenburg 2009, p. 29.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage46mode2up_47]-35] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Lenburg 2009, p. 47.

[FOOTNOTELoné2007-36] Loné 2007.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage16mode2up_16]-37] Lenburg 2009, p. 16.

[FOOTNOTECarou2009-38] Carou 2009.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage30mode2up_31],_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage38mode2up_39]_—_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage40mode2up_40]-39] Lenburg 2009, pp. 31, 39 — 40.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage48mode2up_49]_—_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage50mode2up_50]-40] Lenburg 2009, pp. 49 — 50.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage24mode2up_25]_—_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage26mode2up_26],_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage78mode2up_79]-41] Lenburg 2009, pp. 25 — 26, 79.

[FOOTNOTELe_Roy2009a-42] Le Roy 2009a.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage46mode2up_46]-43] Lenburg 2009, p. 46.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage34mode2up_34]-44] Lenburg 2009, p. 34.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage42mode2up_43]-45] Lenburg 2009, p. 43.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage16mode2up_16]_—_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage18mode2up_18],_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage50mode2up_51]_—_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage52mode2up_52]-46] Lenburg 2009, pp. 16 — 18, 51 — 52.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage46mode2up_47]_—_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage48mode2up_48]-47] Lenburg 2009, pp. 47 — 48.

[FOOTNOTELe_Roy2009b-48] Le Roy 2009b.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage30mode2up_30]-49] Lenburg 2009, p. 30.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage30mode2up_31]-50] Lenburg 2009, p. 31.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage18mode2up_18]_—_19-51] Lenburg 2009, pp. 18 — 19.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage46mode2up_46]_—_47,_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage128mode2up_129]_—_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage130mode2up_131]-52] Lenburg 2009, pp. 46 — 47, 129 — 131.

[FOOTNOTEKnudde2024a-53] Knudde 2024a.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage48mode2up_48]_—_49-54] Lenburg 2009, pp. 48 — 49.

[FOOTNOTEKnudde2024c-55] Knudde 2024c.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage38mode2up_38]_—_39,_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage112mode2up_113]_—_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage114mode2up_114]-56] Lenburg 2009, pp. 38 — 39, 113 — 114.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage106mode2up_106]_—_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage108mode2up_108]-57] Lenburg 2009, pp. 106 — 108.

[FOOTNOTERunaway_Brain-58] Runaway Brain.

[FOOTNOTEGet_a_Horse-59] Get a Horse.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage130mode2up_131]_—_[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage132mode2up_133]-60] Lenburg 2009, pp. 131 — 133.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage138mode2up_138]_—_139-61] Lenburg 2009, pp. 138 — 139.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage80mode2up_80]-62] Lenburg 2009, p. 80.

[FOOTNOTELenburg2009[httpsarchiveorgdetailsencyclopediaofan0000lenbpage142mode2up_143]-63] Lenburg 2009, p. 143.

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