John Seys (March 30, 1799 – February 9, 1872) was an American reverend, missionary, and diplomat.
John Seys | |
|---|---|
 print published in 1835 | |
| United States Ambassador to Liberia | |
| In office January 2, 1867 – June 11, 1870 | |
| President | Andrew Johnson |
| Preceded by | Abraham Hanson |
| Succeeded by | James Milton Turner |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Jan Seij March 30, 1799 St. Croix |
| Died | February 9, 1872 (aged 72) Springfield, Ohio |
| Children | 12 |
| Occupation | Reverend |
Biography
editSeys was born in St. Croix, in the Danish West Indies, to a wealthy white family on March 30, 1799.[1][2][3] Born Jan Seij, his family were slave owners. He anglicized his name when he moved to the British West Indies as a young adult.[4]
Seys chose to work as a Methodist reverend (preacher in 1825 and ordained minister in 1829),[4][5] and his family disinherited him for it.[3][6] After ordination, he briefly served on the island of Tortola before obtaining a position in Ogdensburg, New York. He moved to Canton, New York, in 1832 and then became a missionary among the Oneida people in 1833.[5] Following the death of his predecessor, Beveridge Cox, Seys led the Methodist mission in Liberia for ten years until poor health forced him to resign in 1844.[7][8] During his time in leadership he became actively involved in establishing new schools in the country.[9]
From 1856 to 1858, Seys served as a special agent of the American Colonization Society scouting settlement locations for freed slaves in Liberia that were at an elevated location less prone to malaria.[10][11] This resulted in the founding of Careysburg in 1856, followed by the building of a chapel there.[5] From 1858 to 1862, Seys acted as a United States government agent[4] helping the freed passengers of slave ships captured by the U.S. Navy, having responsibility for up to four thousand men, women and children at a time.[5][12] He also served as acting Consul General when the incumbent died.[5]
Seys served as Minister Resident to Liberia from the United States from January 2, 1867, to June 11, 1870.[1][9][13] In this position, Seys faced many obstacles due to the lack of funds coming from the United States. In a February 11, 1871, report to the U.S. House of Representatives, Representative Thomas Swann from the United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs stated that Seys "charges salary for sixty days, and also for fifty-eight days, transit in returning to his post, and for the services of W.A. Johnson, vice consul general, $166.66 for four months" which the committee recommended he not be paid.[14] Despite this, he actively pushed against what he saw as the evils of slavery. Although he was opposed to the practice of slavery, he would write in defense of Captain Nathaniel Gordon at Gordon's trial for slave trafficking and piracy.[3]
Seys was conferred an honorary D.D. degree by Indiana Asbury University in 1867.[15][16] Returning to the United States in 1870, he retired to the Cincinnati, Ohio, area.[5] Seys died on February 9, 1872, at his home in Springfield, Ohio[5][17] after having fathered 12 children with five different women, however many died before him due to 'African fever.'[1][2][3] He was interred at Ferncliff Cemetery in Springfield on February 13, 1872.[18]
References
edit- ^ a b c "John Seys (1799–1872)". history.state.gov. Retrieved 2021-07-03.
- ^ a b Moore, Howard Parker (1918). The Descendants of Ensign John Moor of Canterbury, N. H. Born 1696-died 1786. Tuttle Company. ISBN 978-0-608-31732-8.
- ^ a b c d Soodalter, Ron (2010-05-11). Hanging Captain Gordon: The Life and Trial of an American Slave Trader. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-1-4165-2292-8.
- ^ a b c Dunn, D. Elwood; Beyan, Amos J.; Burrowes, Carl Patrick (20 December 2000). "Seys, John". Historical Dictionary of Liberia. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press, Inc. p. 298. ISBN 978-0-8108-3876-5. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Cincinnati: 3. John Seys, D.D.". Minutes of the Annual Conferences of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Cincinnati, Ohio: Hitchcock & Walden. 1872. pp. 107–108. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Black Abolitionist Archive | Liberia". libraries.udmercy.edu. University of Detroit Mercy Libraries. December 15, 1838. Retrieved 2021-07-08.
- ^ The African Repository. American Colonization Society. 1842.
- ^ Jacobs, Sylvia M. (1981). "Nineteenth Century Black Methodist Missionary Bishops in Liberia". Negro History Bulletin. 44 (4): 83–93. JSTOR 44176857. ProQuest 1296737248.
- ^ a b Interior, United States Department of the (1907). Annual Reports of the Department of the Interior ... U.S. Government Printing Office.
- ^ Fortieth Annual Report of the American Colonization Society. Washington, D.C.: C. Alexander, Printer. January 20, 1857. p. 5. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ Forty-First Annual Report of the American Colonization Society. Washington, D.C.: C. Alexander, Printer. January 19, 1858. p. 7. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ Hamersly, Lewis Randolph (1902). The Records of Living Officers of the U. S. Navy and Marine Corps: Compiled from Official Sources. New York, New York: L. R. Hamersly Co. p. 29. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ Blume, Kenneth J. (2010-02-12). The A to Z of U.S. Diplomacy from the Civil War to World War I. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-1-4617-1902-1.
- ^ Swann, Thomas. "H. Rept. 41-32 - John Seys, Consul General to Liberia. February 11, 1871. -- Ordered to be printed". GovInfo.gov. U.S. Government Printing Office. Retrieved 15 June 2023.
- ^ "Items of Intelligence". The African Repository. Vol. XLIV, no. 8. Washington, D.C.: American Colonization Society. August 1867. p. 256. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
- ^ Alumnal Record, De Pauw University. Anderson, Indiana: Herald Publishing Co., Fine Printing. 1915. p. 392. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
- ^ "Rev. John Seys, D.D." The African Repository. Vol. XLVIII, no. 3. Washington, D.C.: American Colonization Society. March 1872. pp. 92–93. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
- ^ "Rev. John D Seys". Springfield, Ohio: Ferncliff Cemetery & Arboretum. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
