Wikipedia

Japanese people in Germany

There is a community of Japanese people in Germany (Japanese: 日系ドイツ人, romanized: Nikkei Doitsunin; German: Japanisch Deutsch) consisting mainly of expatriates from Japan as well as German citizens of Japanese descent.

Japanese people in Germany
Distribution of Japanese citizens in Germany (2021)
Total population
78,423 (with Japanese ancestry)[1]
0.085% of the German Population
36,960 (Japanese citizens)[2]
0.045% of the German Population
Regions with significant populations
Düsseldorf • Berlin • Frankfurt • Munich • Hamburg
Languages
German • Japanese ・ English

Demographics

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See also: Japanese community of Düsseldorf
See also: Demographics of Hamburg

In 1932 Berlin was the home of about 20% of all of the Japanese people in Europe and Germany had become a centre for Japanese people sent by the Japanese Ministry of Education to study in Europe. In 1936 the Japanese people were declared Honorary Aryans by the Nazis. At the time of the 1941 Attack on Pearl Harbor about 300 Japanese people lived in Berlin. Around that time fewer than 200 Japanese women and children previously in Germany returned to Japan by ship. They boarded the Yasukunimaru, a ship operated by NYK Line, in Hamburg.[3]

In 1963 there were 800 Japanese people in Hamburg, including 50 children.[4]

In 1985 there were about 16,500 Japanese persons living in West Germany. The largest group, making up about 6,000, resided in Düsseldorf, and there were other Japanese communities in Berlin and Hamburg.[5] At this time, over 90% of ethnic Japanese households in West Germany had an affluent corporate executive as the head of the household. This executive often stayed in Germany for three to five years,[5] and company employees arriving in Germany often move into residences formerly occupied by those returning to Japan.[5]

Number of Japanese in larger cities
# City People
1. Düsseldorf 8,329
2. Berlin 4,369
3. Frankfurt 3,363
4. Munich 3,082
5. Hamburg 2,476
6. Cologne 2,294
7. Hanover 1,433
8. Bonn 1,284
9. Bremen 1,238
10. Dresden 1,038

Tourism

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In 1975, 195,350 Japanese people visited West Germany. In 1984 that figure was about 400,000.[5]

Today Germany has about 700,000 Japanese tourists per year and is one of the popular tourist country to Japanese people. Most popular destinations of Japanese people are Berlin, Black Forest, Bremen, Cologne Cathedral, Dresden, Freiburg, Heidelberg Castle, Munich, Neuschwanstein Castle and Rothenburg ob der Tauber.

Institutions

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Building of the "Japanisches Kulturinstitut" in Cologne, Germany
 
Fireworks of the 1983 Japan Week, the precursor of the Japan Day

There are few Japanese institutions in Germany. The largest one is the Japanese Culture Institute in Cologne which is owned by Japan Foundation. It was made in 1969 at the time of West Germany. Other known Japanese centers in Germany are the German-Japanese Center and Ekō-House of Japanese Culture in Düsseldorf, Japanese-German Center in Berlin and Japanese Culture Center in Frankfurt. There are also German-Japanese society in each federal states and mostly in its largest cities.

There are also few German museums that has associations with Japan, including Bonsai Museum in Düsseldorf, Japan Art - Gallery Friedrich Müller in Frankfurt, Japanese Palace in Dresden, Mitsuko Castle in Thürkow, Mori Ōgai Memorial Hall in Berlin, Museum Five Continents in Munich, Museum of East Asian Art in Cologne, Samurai Museum in Berlin and Siebold Museum in Würzburg.

There are also many Japanese festival in Germany. The largest of its theme is the Japan Day in Düsseldorf which take place in May or June every year and has visitors of over 600,000. Japan Day features the sale of Japanese foods, drinks, materials and goods, with many stands located on the Rhine river with a firework in the late evening. There are also known Japanese festivals including the Cherry Blossom Festival in Hamburg, German-Japanese Summer Festival in Hanover, Japanfest in Munich, Japanese Light Festival Dortmund, in Main Matsuri in Frankfurt. Also many Japanese film festivals in Germany, the largest one is Nippon Connection in Frankfurt and many Japanese convention, most of them are associated with Mangas and Cosplays, including AnimagiC in Mannheim, Connichi in Kassel, Contaku in Magdeburg and NipponCon in Bremen.

Education

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class=notpageimage|
Locations of day schools (nihonjin gakkō and shiritsu zaigai kyoiku shisetsu) in Germany (grey dots refer to closed schools)
 
 
Berlin (JEB)
 
Berlin (ZSJB)
 
Bremen
 
Cologne
 
Dresden
 
Frankfurt
 
Hamburg
 
Heidelberg
 
Munich
 
Nuremberg
 
Stuttgart
class=notpageimage|
Locations of supplementary schools (hoshū jugyō kō) in Germany

There are five nihonjin gakkō (Japanese international elementary and junior schools operated by Japanese associations) in Germany:

The Toin Gakuen Schule Deutschland, a Japanese boarding high school/gymnasium in Bad Saulgau classified as a shiritsu zaigai kyōiku shisetsu (overseas branch of a Japanese private school) was scheduled to close in 2012.[6]

Hoshū jugyō kō (supplementary/weekend Japanese schools) include:

  • Japanische Ergänzungsschule in Berlin e.V. (ベルリン日本語補習授業校 Berurin Nihongo Hoshū Jugyō Kō) - Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf, Berlin[7][8]
  • Zentrale Schule fur Japanisch Berlin e.V. (共益法人ベルリン中央学園補習授業校 Kyōeki Hōjin Berurin Chūō Gakuen Hoshū Jugyō Kō) - Wilmersdorf, Berlin[9] - Established April 1997.[10]
  • Japanische Schule Bonn e.V. (ボン日本語補習授業校 Bon Nihongo Hoshū Jugyō Kō)[11]
  • Japanisches Institut in Bremen (ブレーメン日本語補習授業校 Burēmen Nihongo Hoshū Jugyō Kō)[12]
  • Japanische Schule Köln e.V. (ケルン日本語補習授業校 Kerun Nihongo Hoshū Jugyō Kō) - Kalk, Cologne[13]
  • Japanische Ergänzungsschule in Dresden (ドレスデン日本語補習校 Doresuden Nihongo Hoshūkō)[14]
  • Japanische Ergänzungsschule in Düsseldorf[15]
  • Forderschule fur Japankunde in Düsseldorf e.V.
  • Japanisches Institut Frankfurt am Main (フランクフルト補習学校 Furankufuruto Hoshū Jugyō Kō)
    • It conducts its classes in the Japanese day school of Frankfurt's building.[16]
  • Japanisches Institut Hamburg (ハンブルグ補習授業校 Hanburugu Hoshū Jugyō Kō) - Halstenbek
    • It was established on June 15, 1963. It has conducted its classes at the Japanische Schule in Hamburg since 1994. As of 2013 it has 100 students, with about 70% of them from mixed Japanese and German relationships. The school has mathematics, geography, and Japanese history classes, all taught in the Japanese language. As of 2013 pupils under 15 years of age have tuitions of 84 euros per month per child while those 15 and older have tuitions of 100 euros per month per child.[4]
  • Japanische Ergänzungsschule Heidelberg e.V. (ハイデルベルク日本語授業補習校 Haideruberugu Nihongo Hoshū Jugyō Kō)[17]
  • Japanisches Institut in München e.V. (JIM; ミュンヘン日本語補習授業校 Myunhen Nihongo Hoshū Jugyō Kō) - Munich[18]
    • Usually the school holds its classes in the Mathilde-Eller Schule but if that location is unavailable it holds its classes in the Munich Japanese day school building.[19]
  • Japanische Kulturvereinigung in Nurnberg e.V. (ニュンベルグ補習授業校 Nyunberugu Hoshū Jugyō Kō) - Nuremberg
  • Japanische Schule Stuttgart e.V. (シュツットガルト日本語補習授業校 Shutsuttogaruto Nihongo Hoshū Jugyō Kō)[20]

Notable individuals

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Fictional people

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ "BiB - Bundesinstitut für Bevölkerungsforschung - Pressemitteilungen - Zuwanderung aus außereuropäischen Ländern fast verdoppelt". www.bib-demografie.de (in German). Archived from the original on 2017-12-09. Retrieved 2017-12-18.
  2. ^ "Japanese people in Germany" (PDF). Mofa.go.jp. Retrieved 2016-01-18.
  3. ^ Kudo, Akira. Japanese-German Business Relations: Co-operation and Rivalry in the Interwar Period (Nissan Institute/Routledge Japanese Studies). Routledge, October 2, 2012. ISBN 1134750099, 9781134750092. p. 31.
  4. ^ a b Kolarczyk, Arne. "Japaner feiern Jubiläum." Hamburger Abendblatt. 12 June 2013. Retrieved on 2 January 2016. "1963 lebten 800 Japaner in Hamburg. Darunter waren 50 Kinder."
  5. ^ a b c d Heinrich, Mark. "Corporate Japanese colony sprouts in West German city." Associated Press at the Houston Chronicle. Sunday November 224, 1985. Page 1, Section 4. Available from NewsBank, Record Number HSC112453511. Available online from the Houston Public Library with a library card. "This is the heart of Duesseldorf's Japanese district, a closely knit foreign community of 6,000 people in the midst of this busy city with a population of 580,000." and "In addition, about 400,000 Japanese tourists flocked to West Germany in 1984, compared with 195,350 in 1975, according to Akio Tanaka, press attache at the JapaneseEmbassy in Bonn." and "About 16,500 Japanese live in West Germany. Smaller communities reside in Frankfurt, center of international banking in West Germany, and in Hamburg, hub for import-export and shipping firms."
  6. ^ "Japanische Schule kehrt Bad Saulgau den Rücken" (Archive). Südkurier. 20 March 2010. Retrieved on 6 January 2015. "Die Schülerzahl hat sich von 1994, dem Jahr mit dem Höchststand, von 136 Schüler auf heute aktuell 47 Schüler um ein Drittel verringert.[...]Für das im April 2010 beginnende neue Schuljahr gibt es keine Schüler, die in die 7. Klasse (1. Klasse der japanischen Mittelschule) eingeschult werden."
  7. ^ "2014 年度 Archived 2015-02-15 at the Wayback Machine" (Archive). Japanische Erganzungsschule in Berlin. Retrieved on February 14, 2015. "Japanische Ergänzungsschule in Berlin e.V. c/o Halensee - Grundschule Joachim - Friedrich - Str. 35/36 10711 Berlin"
  8. ^ "Halensee-Grundschule Archived 2015-04-02 at the Wayback Machine." City of Berlin. Retrieved on April 2, 2015. "Halensee-Grundschule Joachim-Friedrich-Str. 35-36 10711 Berlin–Wilmersdorf"
  9. ^ "欧州の補習授業校一覧(平成25年4月15日現在)" (). MEXT. Retrieved on May 10, 2014. "c/o Comenius-Schule Gieselerstr. 4, 10713 Berlin, GERMANY"
  10. ^ "Deutsch." Zentrale Schule fur Japanisch Berlin e.V.. Retrieved on April 6, 2015. "Die Zentrale Schule für Japanisch Berlin e.V. wurde im April 1997 als gemeinnütziger Verein durch eine Elterninitiative gegründet, um Kindern und Jugendlichen aus japanischen, deutschen und interkulturellen Familien die Möglichkeit zu geben, ihre japanischen Sprachkenntnisse in Wort und Schrift zu erhalten und weiter zu entwickeln."
  11. ^ "アクセス Archived 2015-02-16 at the Wayback Machine." Japanische Schule Bonn. Retrieved on February 14, 2015.
  12. ^ Home page. Japanisches Institut in Bremen. Retrieved on March 31, 2015.
  13. ^ "Geschichte Archived 2013-07-27 at the Wayback Machine." Japanische Schule Köln. Retrieved on February 14, 2015. "Wir sind umgezogen. Ab 20.08.2009 findet der Unterricht in der Kaiserin-Theophanu-Schule, Kantstr. 3 in 51103 Köln-Kalk statt." Japanese version Archived 2015-02-14 at the Wayback Machine.
  14. ^ "補習校案内 Archived 2016-02-28 at the Wayback Machine." Japanische Erganzungsschule in Dresden. Retrieved on February 14, 2015.
  15. ^ "デュッセルドルフ日本語補習校". 2010-07-17. Archived from the original on July 17, 2010. Retrieved 2016-01-18.
  16. ^ "お問い合わせ." Japanisches Institut Frankfurt am Main e.V. Retrieved on April 2, 2015. "フランクフルト補習授業校 Japanisches Institut Frankfurt am Main e.V. Langweidenstr. 8-12 60488 Frankfurt am Main" and "Impressum." Japanisches Institut Frankfurt am Main. Retrieved on 31 March 2015. "Langweidenstr. 8-12 60488 Frankfurt am Main"
  17. ^ "Lake, Kontakt[permanent dead link‍]." Japanische Erganzungsschule Heidelberg. Retrieved on February 1, 2015. Japanese version Archived 2016-01-16 at the Wayback Machine
  18. ^ "Institute." Japanisches Institut in München e.V.. Retrieved on March 31, 2015. "Grundschule am Gärtnerpl. / Mathilde-Eller Schule Klenzestr. 27 80469 München" and "Japanische Internationale Schule München e.V. Bleyerstr. 4 81371 München" (school locations) and "Klenzestr. 18 80469 München" (office)
  19. ^ "Institute" (Archive). Japanisches Institut in München e.V.. Retrieved on March 31, 2015. "通常ミュンヘン市内の市立小学校の校舎をお借りしています。（通称クレンツェ校） Grundschule am Gärtnerpl. / Mathilde-Eller Schule Klenzestr. 27 80469 München" and "クレンツェ校が使用できない授業日はミュンヘン日本人国際学校の校舎をお借りしています。 Japanische Internationale Schule München e.V. Bleyerstr. 4 81371 München" (school locations) and "事務局 クレンツェ校に近接して事務局を設置しています。　事務局兼校長室と職員室（会議室）があり、入退会の受付等さまざまな業務を行っています。 住所 Klenzestr. 18 80469 München" (office location)
  20. ^ "住所・地図・お問い合わせ Archived 2015-04-05 at the Wayback Machine." Japanische Schule Stuttgart. Retrieved on February 14, 2015.
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