Japanese invasion of Panay (Filipino: Paglusob ng mga Hapones sa isla ng Panay, Hiligaynon: Pagsulong sang mga Hapon sa Panay) on April 16–18, 1942 was the second landing in the Visayas Islands after Fil-American forces surrendered in Bataan on April 9, 1942. It is the next step to prevent any supplies reach Corregidor Island and control the Visayas waters and established bases for the campaign to invade island of Mindanao to complete the invasion of the Philippines.[1]
| Japanese Invasion of Panay Island | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Philippines campaign (1941–1942), Pacific Theater | |||||||||
 | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Empire of Japan |
| ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
|
Kawamura Saburo |
 Macario Peralta | ||||||||
| Units involved | |||||||||
|
Ground units:
Aerial units:  22nd Air Brigade |
Ground units:
| ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
|
4,106 Japanese Troops |
7,000 Filipino and American Troops | ||||||||
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Background
editAfter the surrender of Luzon Force in Bataan, Imperial Japanese 14th Army has sent two detachments to sieged the Visayas Islands that can be made bases for the invasion of Mindanao.[2] Kawaguchi detachment was sent to capture Cebu and Kawamura detachment followed to sieged Panay.[2]
Since assuming the command 61st Division and Panay Island commander Colonel Albert F. Christie continued to implement the Operation Baus Au, after the previous commander Brigadier General Bradford Chynoweth assumed the new command of Visayan Force and moved to Cebu in mid-March.[2] 61st Division has added two infantry regiments since February after 61st, 62nd Infantry and 61st Field Artillery was transferred to Mindanao. Its strength has reached to 8,000 personnel, however there was a shortage of rifles, ammunition, and no artillery pieces at all in the island.[2]
Invasion
editKawamura Detachment under Major General Kawamura Saburo arrived in Panay from Lingayen, Pangasinan on April 12, 1942.[3] It landed on three points of Panay, a group landed in Capiz City, Capiz another group landed in San Jose, Antique and the large group among the three landed in Jaro north of Iloilo City.[3] Colonel Christie's troops retreated inland into the hills and mountain based they prepared for the last four months.[2] The Panay Force is now waving guerilla warfare doing ambuscades to small Japanese units and raiding Iloilo at night to destroy supplies.[1]
Aftermath
editWith Panay island now in total control of the Japanese, with Panay and Cebu islands in firmed grip of the Japanese.[3] Homma can now launch Kawamura and Kawaguchi Detachments to Mindanao. Kawamura Detachment was replaced by three battalions of 10th Independent Garrison, to prepare for invasion of Mindanao.[2] On April 15, 1942 Major General Kawamura received an order to proceed to Macajalar Bay in Cagayan de Oro, Misamis Oriental. Leaving 10th Independent Garrison in control of Panay.[1]
Surrender
editIn May 11, 1942 Colonel Christie received an order from General Sharp who is now the commander of Visayas and Mindanao forces after reconstitution of the previous command. Despite his protest and inquiries he was forced to surrender when General Sharp's emissary Lieutenant Colonel Allen Thayer arrived to enforce the order.[2]
References
edit- ^ a b c Morton, Louis (1953). The Fall of the Philippines, November 1, 1941 – May 12, 1942 (1st ed.). Washington, D.C.: US Government Printing Office (published June 27, 1953). p. 506.
- ^ a b c d e f g Tarkington, Hiram (November 1, 1941 – May 12, 1942). There were others. pp. 297–340.
- ^ a b c "Battle of the Visayan Islands | Operations & Codenames of WWII". codenames.info. Retrieved 2024-03-30.
See also
editExternal links
edit- There were others, unpublished papers of Colonel Hiram Tarkington, CO 61st Infantry Regiment (PA)