The Hudspeth Formation is a Cretaceous sedimentary rock formation, found in Oregon of the United States of America. The formation dates to the Albian age of the Early Cretaceous period. During the Albian much of this formation was submerged beneath shallow seas resulting in the preservation of many marine fossils. Pterosaur, dinosaur and marine fossils have been recovered from the formation. It is intertongued with the Gable Creek Formation.[2]
| Hudspeth Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: Albian-Cenomanian ~[1] | |
| Type | Geological formation |
| Unit of | Mitchell Group |
| Area | Wheeler & Lake Counties, Oregon |
| Lithology | |
| Primary | Mudstone, shale |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 43°18′N 120°06′W / 43.3°N 120.1°W |
| Approximate paleocoordinates | 42°54′N 74°48′E / 42.9°N 74.8°E |
| Region | Pacific Northwest Oregon |
| Country |  United States |
  Hudspeth Formation (the United States)  Hudspeth Formation (Oregon) | |
Fossil content
editVertebrates
edit| Vertebrates of the Hudspeth Formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Bennettazhia[3] | B. oregonensis | Oregon | Humerus, two fused dorsal vertebrae, and a partial joint bone | A Tapejaromorpha pterosaur | ||
| Ornithopoda (Mitchell ornithopod) | Indeterminate | Oregon | Toe bone and a vertebra | First dinosaur described from Oregon (not the first discovered), likely a bloated carcass swept out into the ocean from a coastline in what is now Idaho.[4] Further discoveries suggest it may have been deposited by a mudflow[5] | ||
| Ornithopoda | Indeterminate | Oregon | Vertebra | Likely the same animal as the Mitchell ornithopod.[5] | ||
| Plesiosauroidea | Indeterminate | Oregon | A partial skull | A short necked Plesiosauroidea[6] | ||
| Ichthyosauria | Indeterminate | Vertebral centra | ||||
| Scapanorhynchus sp.[7] | Teeth | A shark | ||||
Ammonites
edit| Ammonites of the Hudspeth Formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Brewericeras | B. hulenensis | Oregon | Shell in siderite nodules | |||
| B. breweri | Oregon | |||||
| Leconteites | L. lecontei | Oregon | Shell | |||
| Desmoceras | D. alamoense | Oregon | Siderite nodule and shells[8] | Desmoceras is one of the most common Ammonite genera to be found in the Hudspeth Formation | ||
| Anisoceras | Indeterminate | Oregon | ||||
| A. merriami | Oregon | Coiled shell | ||||
| Mariella | M. oregonensis | Oregon | Siderite nodule | |||
| Anagaudryceras | Indeterminate | Oregon | Siderite nodule | |||
| Pseudohelicoceras | P. petersoni | Oregon | ||||
| Mortoniceras | M. inflatum | Oregon | ||||
| M. fallax | Oregon | |||||
Other invertebrates
edit| Other invertebrates of the Hudspeth Formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Pleuromya | P. russelli | Oregon | ||||
| Buchia | Indeterminate | Oregon | ||||
| Epiaster | E. californicus | Oregon | ||||
| Trigonarca | T. jacksonensis | Oregon | ||||
| Goniomya | G. vespera | Oregon | ||||
| Sogdianella | S. oregonensis | Oregon | ||||
| Euspira | E. conradiana | Oregon | Euspira is still extant though E. conradiana is extinct | |||
| Eucorystes | E. platys | Oregon | A type of small crab, also present in Europe | |||
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Surpless, K. D.; Gulliver, K. D. H. (2018). "Provenance Analysis of the Ochoco Basin, Central Oregon: A Window Into the Late Cretaceous Paleogeography of the Northern U.S. Cordillera". In Ingersoll, R.V.; Graham, S.A.; Lawton, T.F. (eds.). Tectonics, Sedimentary Basins, and Provenance: A Celebration of the Career of William R. Dickinson. Geological Society of America. doi:10.1130/2018.2540(11). ISBN 9780813725406.
- ^ "Bedrock geology of the Mitchell Quadrangle, Wheeler County, Oregin" (PDF). 1971. Retrieved 2020-07-04.
- ^ Gilmore, 1928
- ^ Retallack et al., 2018
- ^ a b Strommer, Kristin (July 14, 2021). "UO-led team uncovers new pieces of Oregon's dinosaur puzzle". University of Oregon. Retrieved July 15, 2021.
- ^ Fremd et al., 2005
- ^ Welton, 1972
- ^ "Condon Collection's Searchable Database". University of Oregon. Archived from the original on July 5, 2020. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
Bibliography
edit- Retallack, Gregory J.; Theodor, Jessica M.; Davis, Edward B.; Hopkins, Samantha S.; Barrett, Paul Z. (2018). "First Oregon dinosaur (Ornithopoda) from Early Cretaceous (Albian) of Oregon, U.S.A." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. doi:10.1080/02724634.2018.1486847. S2CID 91379584.
- Fremd, Ted; Retallack, Gregory; Springer, Dale; Scotchmoor, Judy (2005). "Oregon, U.S." The Paleontology Portal. Retrieved 2020-07-04.
- Welton, B.J (1972). "Fossil sharks in Oregon". The Ore Bin. 34: 161–170.
- Gilmore, C.W (1928). "A new pterosaurian reptile from the marine Cretaceous of Oregon". Proceedings of the United States National Museum. 73 (2745): 1–5. doi:10.5479/si.00963801.73-2745.1.