52°12′57″N 0°06′44″E / 52.2157°N 0.1122178°E Histon Road Cemetery, formerly Cambridge General Cemetery, is a cemetery in north Cambridge, England, lying off Histon Road, opened in 1842.[1] It is notable as one of only three designs by John Claudius Loudon, who covers it in detail in his influential book On the Laying Out, Planting and Managing of Cemeteries (1843);[2] the other cemeteries associated with Loudon are Bath Abbey Cemetery, and Southampton Old Cemetery (where his plan was rejected). These experiences of practical planning directly affected Loudon's writing on the subject.[3]
Plan
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The site is approximately 1 hectare in area (1.25 ha in some sources). Loudon used plans for the Histon Road cemetery as illustrative of his views on cemetery design. Research has indicated that the actual work carried out on the cemetery, which opened in 1843 (the year of his death), does not correspond closely with Loudon's announcements.[4]
According to the Parks and Gardens UK website, as part of the rationale for including Histon Road Cemetery on the Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest at Grade II*:
The cemetery embodies Loudon's most important ideas on cemetery design and is an early example of the grid pattern layout adopted for many later cemeteries.[4]
The buildings were by the architect Edward Buckton Lamb; Lamb had been an associate of Loudon from the early 1830s, when Loudon employed him as a draughtsman.[5] They comprised a chapel (demolished in the 1950s) and a Lodge that is now a private residence.[6][7] The chapel with its "very elegant stained windows" was mentioned in the diary of Joseph Romilly. The design as built was Gothic and made of white brick, not in the Italian style put forward by Lamb and Loudon.[1][4] The chapel contained a memorial dated 1851 to Ebenezer Foster (1777-1851) and his wife Elizabeth, by James Rattee.[8]
The Lodge and gates are now Grade II listed buildings.[9]
Management
editHiston Road Cemetery was one of the first British cemeteries open to all.[10] The first was Rosary Cemetery, Norwich (1821).[11]
The cemetery was initially (1843) the property of the Cambridge Cemetery Company which had been set up on 12 October 1842, by Robert Peters of Downing Street, Cambridge;[12][13] there had been calls in the local press for more burial grounds for a decade. The policy of the Company made no religious conditions on burials.[14]
Control passed to the Borough of Cambridge in 1935. The decision to demolish the chapel because of the cost of necessary repairs was taken in 1957.[13] From 2007 the cemetery has been run by Cambridge City Council (Open Spaces) working with its Friends group.[15]
The Commonwealth War Graves Commission maintains the graves of 12 First World War and 6 Second World War service personnel.[16]
Burials
editThere have been over 8000 burials at the cemetery. A listing of monumental inscriptions was made by Lucy Joan Slater (unpublished, deposited at Cambridge Record Office).[4]
Those interred include:
- Mary Bateson (1865–1906)[17]
- Charles Edmund Brock (1870–1938)
- Albert George Dew-Smith (1848–1903), co-founder of the Cambridge Scientific Instrument Company[18]
- Alfredo Kanthack (1863–1898), Brazilian microbiologist[19][20]
- William Fiddian Moulton (1835–1898)[21]
- Henry Wiles (1838–1930), sculptor.[22]
Notes
edit- ^ a b Nikolaus Pevsner, The Buildings of England: Cambridgeshire (1970), p. 232.
- ^ Google Books partial posting, plan discussed p. 67.
- ^ "John Claudius Loudon - father of the English garden - Parks and Gardens UK". Archived from the original on 11 March 2012. Retrieved 7 November 2010.
- ^ a b c d "Parks and Gardens UK". Archived from the original on 11 March 2012. Retrieved 7 November 2010.
- ^ Goold, David. "Dictionary of Scottish Architects - DSA Architect Biography Report (April 3, 2018, 9:50 pm)". www.scottisharchitects.org.uk. Archived from the original on 16 October 2013. Retrieved 7 November 2010.
- ^ "Parks and Gardens UK". Archived from the original on 11 March 2012. Retrieved 6 November 2010.
- ^ "Cambridge 2000: Histon Road: cemetery lodge, 60-62". www.cambridge2000.com. Archived from the original on 4 April 2011. Retrieved 6 November 2010.
- ^ City of Cambridge, vol.2 p.303 (1959), Royal Commission of Ancient Monuments
- ^ "Histon Road Cemetery - Bereavement Services". Bereavement Services. Archived from the original on 3 November 2021. Retrieved 15 March 2022.
- ^ http://www.eaareports.org.uk/Assessment%20postMed.pdf Archived 2012-03-14 at the Wayback Machine at p. 6.
- ^ Elliott, Brent; Loudon, J. C.; Meller, Hugh (Spring 1982). "Reviewed work: On the Laying out, Planting, and Managing of Cemeteries". Garden History. 10 (1): 92–94. doi:10.2307/1586855. JSTOR 1586855.
- ^ Cooper, Charles Henry; Cooper, John William (1 May 1846). "Annals of Cambridge". Cambridge, Printed by Warwick and co. – via Internet Archive.
- ^ a b "Parks and Gardens UK". Archived from the original on 11 March 2012. Retrieved 7 November 2010.
- ^ "Parks and Gardens UK". Archived from the original on 11 March 2012. Retrieved 6 November 2010.
- ^ Ltd, Martyn Hutchby and Wiliam Coppock of Gower Consultants. "Burial records, cremation records, grave maps, genealogy and ancestry at Deceased Online". www.deceasedonline.com. Archived from the original on 9 July 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2010.
- ^ http://www.cwgc.org/find-a-cemetery/cemetery/36500/CAMBRIDGE%20(HISTON%20ROAD)%20CEMETERY Archived 2018-12-21 at the Wayback Machine CWGC Cemetery report.
- ^ "Bateson, Mary". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/30640. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ "Dew, Albert George (DW868AG)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ^ "Alfredo Antunes Kanthack, M.D., F.R.C.P.Lond". BMJ. 2 (1983): 1941–1942. 31 December 1898. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.1983.1941. S2CID 220238132.
- ^ Benchimol, Jaime Larry (August 2010). "Bacteriologia e medicina tropical britânicas: uma incursão a partir da Amazônia (1900-1901)" [British bacteriology and tropical medicine: an overview from the Amazon (1900-1901)]. Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Ciências Humanas (in Portuguese). 5 (2): 315–344. doi:10.1590/S1981-81222010000200008.
- ^ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, [1]
- ^ "WG Wiles - Other Wiles Family Artists". Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 6 November 2010.
Further reading
edit- Curl, James Stevens (1983). "John Claudius Loudon and the Garden Cemetery Movement". Garden History. 11 (2): 133–156. doi:10.2307/1586841. JSTOR 1586841.