Fibrin monomer

Fibrin monomers are monomers of fibrin which are formed by the cleavage of fibrinogen by thrombin.^[1] Levels of fibrin monomers can be measured using blood tests and can serve as a marker of in vivo fibrinogenesis and coagulation activation.^[1]^[2]^[3] They may be useful in the evaluation of hypercoagulability, ^[1] as reflected in research studies done using fibrin monomers.

Levels of fibrin monomers may be increased with pregnancy^[1] and by estrogen-containing combined birth control pills.^[2]

Research

Significance in Venous Thromboembolism

Increased amount of soluble fibrin monomers in the blood along with serum D-dimers have been found to be indicators of venous thromboembolism (VTE).^[4]^[5] Detection of VTE in such a way have implications for treating VTE taking place during pregnancy and after hepatobiliary-pancreatic surgery.^[4]^[5]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Refaai MA, Riley P, Mardovina T, Bell PD (November 2018). "The Clinical Significance of Fibrin Monomers". Thromb Haemost. 118 (11): 1856–1866. doi:10.1055/s-0038-1673684. PMID 30312978.
^ ^a ^b Douxfils J, Morimont L, Bouvy C (November 2020). "Oral Contraceptives and Venous Thromboembolism: Focus on Testing that May Enable Prediction and Assessment of the Risk". Semin Thromb Hemost. 46 (8): 872–886. doi:10.1055/s-0040-1714140. PMID 33080636. S2CID 224821517.
^ Farris M, Bastianelli C, Rosato E, Brosens I, Benagiano G (October 2017). "Pharmacodynamics of combined estrogen-progestin oral contraceptives: 2. effects on hemostasis". Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 10 (10): 1129–1144. doi:10.1080/17512433.2017.1356718. PMID 28712325. S2CID 205931204.
^ ^a ^b Grossman, Karin B.; Arya, Roopen; Peixoto, Alberto B.; Akolekar, Ranjit; Staboulidou, Ismini; Nicolaides, Kypros H. (October 2016). "Maternal and pregnancy characteristics affect plasma fibrin monomer complexes and D-dimer reference ranges for venous thromboembolism in pregnancy". American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 215 (4): 466.e1–466.e8. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2016.05.013. PMID 27179442.
^ ^a ^b Hayashi, Hikaru; Shimizu, Akira; Kubota, Koji; Notake, Tsuyoshi; Sugenoya, Shinsuke; Masuo, Hitoshi; Hosoda, Kiyotaka; Yasukawa, Koya; Kobayashi, Ryoichiro; Soejima, Yuji (January 2022). "Asymptomatic Venous Thromboembolism After Hepatobiliary–Pancreatic Surgery: Early Detection Using D-dimer and Soluble Fibrin Monomer Complex Levels". Annals of Gastroenterological Surgery. 6 (1): 109–118. doi:10.1002/ags3.12495. ISSN 2475-0328. PMC 8786684. PMID 35106421.

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[pmid30312978-1] Refaai MA, Riley P, Mardovina T, Bell PD (November 2018). "The Clinical Significance of Fibrin Monomers". Thromb Haemost. 118 (11): 1856–1866. doi:10.1055/s-0038-1673684. PMID 30312978.

[pmid33080636-2] Douxfils J, Morimont L, Bouvy C (November 2020). "Oral Contraceptives and Venous Thromboembolism: Focus on Testing that May Enable Prediction and Assessment of the Risk". Semin Thromb Hemost. 46 (8): 872–886. doi:10.1055/s-0040-1714140. PMID 33080636. S2CID 224821517.

[pmid28712325-3] Farris M, Bastianelli C, Rosato E, Brosens I, Benagiano G (October 2017). "Pharmacodynamics of combined estrogen-progestin oral contraceptives: 2. effects on hemostasis". Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 10 (10): 1129–1144. doi:10.1080/17512433.2017.1356718. PMID 28712325. S2CID 205931204.

[:0-4] Grossman, Karin B.; Arya, Roopen; Peixoto, Alberto B.; Akolekar, Ranjit; Staboulidou, Ismini; Nicolaides, Kypros H. (October 2016). "Maternal and pregnancy characteristics affect plasma fibrin monomer complexes and D-dimer reference ranges for venous thromboembolism in pregnancy". American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 215 (4): 466.e1–466.e8. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2016.05.013. PMID 27179442.

[:1-5] Hayashi, Hikaru; Shimizu, Akira; Kubota, Koji; Notake, Tsuyoshi; Sugenoya, Shinsuke; Masuo, Hitoshi; Hosoda, Kiyotaka; Yasukawa, Koya; Kobayashi, Ryoichiro; Soejima, Yuji (January 2022). "Asymptomatic Venous Thromboembolism After Hepatobiliary–Pancreatic Surgery: Early Detection Using D-dimer and Soluble Fibrin Monomer Complex Levels". Annals of Gastroenterological Surgery. 6 (1): 109–118. doi:10.1002/ags3.12495. ISSN 2475-0328. PMC 8786684. PMID 35106421.

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