This article has an unclear citation style. (February 2015) |
Austrian Canadians (German: Österreichischekanadier, pronounced [ˈøːstɐraɪçɪʃɛkaˌnaːdi̯ɐ]) are Canadian citizens who are of Austrian ancestry or Austrian-born people who reside in Canada. According to the 2021 Census, there were 189,535 Canadians who claimed either full or partial Austrian ancestry.[1]
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 189,535 (by ancestry, 2021 Census)[1] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Montreal, Vancouver, Toronto, Edmonton, Calgary, Mississauga, Ottawa, Quebec City | |
| Languages | |
| English • French • German | |
| Religion | |
| Christianity · Judaism · Hinduism · Buddhism | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| German Canadians · Swiss Canadians · Luxembourgian Canadians · Belgian Canadians |
Austrian Canadian communities can be found throughout the country but with a higher concentration mainly in Western Canada.
History
edit| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 10,947 | — |
| 1911 | 44,036 | +302.3% |
| 1921 | 107,671 | +144.5% |
| 1931 | 48,639 | −54.8% |
| 1941 | 37,715 | −22.5% |
| 1951 | 32,231 | −14.5% |
| 1961 | 106,535 | +230.5% |
| 1971 | 107,671 | +1.1% |
| 1981 | 40,630 | −62.3% |
| 1986 | 74,640 | +83.7% |
| 1991 | 93,915 | +25.8% |
| 1996 | 140,520 | +49.6% |
| 2001 | 147,585 | +5.0% |
| 2006 | 194,255 | +31.6% |
| 2011 | 197,990 | +1.9% |
| 2016 | 207,050 | +4.6% |
| Source: Statistics Canada [2]: 17 [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Note: 1981 Canadian census did not include multiple ethnic origin responses, thus population is an undercount. | ||
In the 17th century, soldiers from Austria settled in New France. Numbers increased following the passing of the Staatsgrundgesetz (constitutional law) in 1867 which allowed free migration from Austria-Hungary for civilians. Emigration to Canada increased throughout the late 19th century and into the early 20th, until this was tightened in 1914 at the onset of World War I.[15]Many immigrants from Austria-Hungary to Canada were interned and used for enslaved labour during World War I. Beginning in 1914, subjects of the Habsburg Crown, especially Ukrainian-speakers from Austrian Galicia, were placed in twenty-four internment camps across Canada, the last of which closed in 1920.[16]
Demographics
editAustrian Canadian population by province and territory in Canada in 2011:
| Province or territory | Austrian Canadians | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Canada | 197,990[17] | |
| Ontario | 68,785 | 0.05% |
| British Columbia | 45,675 | 1.0% |
| Alberta | 36,670 | |
| Saskatchewan | 18,600 | |
| Manitoba | 12,660 | |
| Quebec | 11,815 | |
| Nova Scotia | 1,835 | |
| New Brunswick | 805 | |
| Yukon | 395 | |
| Newfoundland and Labrador | 275 | |
| Prince Edward Island | 270 | |
| Northwest Territories | 185 | |
| Nunavut | 15 |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b "Ethnic or cultural origin by gender and age: Canada, provinces and territories, 2021". statcan.gc.ca.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (1999-07-29). "Historical statistics of Canada, section A: Population and migration - ARCHIVED". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2022-09-24.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2013-04-03). "Ninth census of Canada, 1951 = Neuvième recensement du Canada Vol. 1. Population: general characteristics". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2013-04-03). "1961 Census of Canada : population : vol. I - part 2 = 1961 Recensement du Canada : population : vol. I - partie 2. Ethnic groups". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2013-04-03). "1971 Census of Canada : population : vol. I - part 3 = Recensement du Canada 1971 : population : vol. I - partie 3. Ethnic groups". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2013-04-03). "1981 Census of Canada : volume 1 - national series : population = Recensement du Canada de 1981 : volume 1 - série nationale : population. Ethnic origin". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2013-04-03). "Census Canada 1986 Profile of ethnic groups". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2013-04-03). "1986 Census of Canada: Ethnic Diversity In Canada". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2013-04-03). "1991 Census: The nation. Ethnic origin". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-06-04). "Data tables, 1996 Census Population by Ethnic Origin (188) and Sex (3), Showing Single and Multiple Responses (3), for Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 1996 Census (20% Sample Data)". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2013-12-23). "Ethnic Origin (232), Sex (3) and Single and Multiple Responses (3) for Population, for Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2001 Census - 20% Sample Data". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2020-05-01). "Ethnic Origin (247), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2006 Census - 20% Sample Data". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-01-23). "Ethnic Origin (264), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age Groups (10) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-06-17). "Ethnic Origin (279), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age (12) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
- ^ MQUP 1996, p. 45.
- ^ Tahirali, Jesse (2014-08-03). "First World War internment camps a dark chapter in Canadian history". CTVNews. Retrieved 2021-06-20.
- ^ Statistics Canada (8 May 2013). "2011 National Household Survey: Data tables". Retrieved 17 February 2015.
- Frederick C. Engelmann; Manfred Prokop; Franz A. J. Szabo, eds. (1996). A History of the Austrian Migration to Canada. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. ISBN 978-0-886-29283-6.