House Resolution 23261, also known as the "American Hippo bill", was a bill introduced by Representative Robert F. Broussard of Louisiana in 1910 to authorize the importation and release of hippopotamuses into the bayous of the state.[2][3]
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Overview
editBroussard argued the hippopotamuses would eat the invasive water hyacinth that was clogging the rivers and also produce meat to help solve a meat shortage in the United States.[3][4] The chief collaborators and proponents of Broussard's bill were Major Frederick Russell Burnham and Captain Fritz Duquesne.[5][6] Former President Theodore Roosevelt backed the plan, as did the United States Department of Agriculture, The Washington Post, and The New York Times, which praised hippopotamus meat as "lake cow bacon".[7][5] William Newton Irwin, a researcher for the United States Department of Agriculture recruited by Broussard, told Congress that the bill could add one million tons of meat to the yearly American supply, and further suggested that more exotic animals should be imported for the same purpose, including dik-diks, rhinoceroses, African buffalo, Tibetan yaks, and Manchurian pigs.[8][9]
Although the "American Hippo Bill" developed a broad base of support, it was never passed by the US Congress.[3]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Lewison, R.; Pluháček, J. (2017). "Hippopotamus amphibius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T10103A18567364. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T10103A18567364.en. Retrieved November 19, 2021.
- ^ Miller, Greg (December 20, 2013). "The Crazy, Ingenious Plan to Bring Hippopotamus Ranching to America". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Archived from the original on January 17, 2015.
- ^ a b c Mooallem, John (2013). American Hippopotamus. New York: The Atavist. Archived from the original on January 30, 2022. Retrieved March 7, 2014.
- ^ Mooallem, Jon (August 10, 2014). "Lake Bacon: The Story of The Man Who Wanted Us to Eat Mississippi Hippos". The Daily Beast. ISSN 0028-9604. Archived from the original on August 15, 2016. Retrieved August 13, 2014.
- ^ a b Eplett, Layla (March 27, 2014). "The hunger game meat: How hippos early invaded American cuisine". Scientific American. ISSN 0036-8733. Archived from the original on March 28, 2014. Retrieved November 13, 2022.
- ^ Burnham, Frederick Russell (1944). Taking Chances. Los Angeles: Haynes Corp. pp. 11–23. ISBN 978-1-879356-32-0.
- ^ "Lake Cow Bacon". The New York Times. April 12, 1910. Archived from the original on November 13, 2022. Retrieved November 13, 2022.
- ^ Parks, Shoshi (May 30, 2023). "How the U.S. Almost Became a Nation of Hippo Ranchers". Smithsonian Magazine. Archived from the original on January 14, 2024. Retrieved May 30, 2024.
- ^ "Hearings before the Committee on Agriculture during the second session of the Sixty-first Congress v. 3". HathiTrust. Retrieved November 22, 2024.
Further reading
edit- Ratliff, Evan, ed. (2016). Love and Ruin: Tales of Obsession, Danger, and Heartbreak from The Atavist Magazine. Introduction by Susan Orlean. W. W. Norton. ISBN 978-0393352719.