Toxicodendron rydbergii
| Toxicodendron rydbergii | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Sapindales |
| Family: | Anacardiaceae |
| Genus: | Toxicodendron |
| Species: | T. rydbergii
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| Binomial name | |
| Toxicodendron rydbergii | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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Toxicodendron rydbergii, the western poison ivy[3] or northern poison oak, is a species of Toxicodendron in the cashew family native to North America. As a poison ivy, it can cause urushiol-induced contact dermatitis.
Description
[edit]
Unlike Toxicodendron radicans (eastern poison ivy), which often appears as a trailing or climbing vine, T. rydbergii is a shrub that can grow to 1 m (3 ft) tall, rarely up to 3 m (10 ft).
The leaves are trifoliate and alternate. The leaflets are variable in size and shape, and are usually 15 cm (6 in) long, turning yellow or orange in autumn. On the compound trifoliate leaves, the two leaflets opposite each other are typically asymmetrical, in contrast to the terminal leaflet which always shows bilateral symmetry.[4][5]
The fruits are small, round, and yellowish.[4][5] Like other members of its genus, all parts of this plant contain urushiol.
Distribution and habitat
[edit]It is native to most of Canada from the Maritimes to British Columbia, and most of the contiguous United States except the Southeast, Nevada, Oregon and California.[6] It is apparently extirpated from West Virginia.[1] It can be found growing in forests, and other wooded areas, usually near streams and rivers.[4]
Toxicity
[edit]Because it contains urushiol, contact with the plant can cause severe contact dermatitis in most individuals.
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Toxicodendron rydbergii. NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
- ^ "Toxicodendron rydbergii". Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden.
- ^ NRCS. "Toxicodendron rydbergii". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 11 December 2015.
- ^ a b c Innes, Robin J. (2012). "Toxicodendron radicans, T. rydbergii". Fire Effects Information System (FEIS). US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest Service (USFS), Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory.
- ^ a b Rydberg, Per Axel 1900. Memoirs of The New York Botanical Garden 1: 268–269 Archived 2018-08-07 at the Wayback Machine as Rhus rydbergii
- ^ "Toxicodendron rydbergii". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
